scholarly journals Qualitative content analysis for international comparison of data usage agreements

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Haux ◽  
Frank Gabel ◽  
Anna-Lena Trescher ◽  
Helen Whelton ◽  
Geert Van der Heijden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Data Integration ◽  
Data Privacy ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Security Requirements ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Data Usage

ABSTRACT ObjectivesThe multi-country-EU project ADVOCATE (Added Value for Oral Care) involves the analysis of routinely collected oral health care records from health insurance systems in six European countries, including NHS England and NHS Scotland. The data will be stored in a in a central repository using AnalytiXagility which adheres to strict privacy and security standards. Therefore, data usage agreements must be consented with all partners and being subjected to specific regulations in the respective nation. This will result in different aggregation levels for data integration, e. g. one of the partners does not allow the transfer of data that contain a personal identifier. To understand the variety of requirements and limitations in different countries, we performed a qualitative content analysis of the agreements. ApproachA categorisation system for privacy and data protection aspects was developed. The aspects are based on privacy conditions mentioned in guidance documents, the agreements themselves and the project’s proposal. The agreements were examined for textual elements and systematically coded by three reviewers. Compliance between privacy conditions and the agreements was estimated using a nominal scale, whether the context was available in the agreement or not. The software MAXQDA was used for tagging relevant text passages. ResultsThe initial coding scheme contains eight categories on top-level. They include, inter alia, aspects on data access, -preparation, -transmission, and -usage. The top-levels divide in up to four different levels of detail. The coding system was continuously adapted during full-text analysis. Initially, the agreements from the partners of Denmark and Germany were used. Characteristics in the agreements require a fine granularity of sub-categories. The German agreement, for example, names the whole institution as partner, whereas the Danish agreement differentiates in personal roles, each with own responsibilities. ConclusionUndertaking an overview of privacy conditions can be a valuable step in comparing privacy and security requirements in different national regulations. The qualitative content analysis was found a suitable approach for this purpose because it enables the detection of fine characteristics. By using an incremental design, it is possible to adapt the coding system to include additional partners. However, the current coding system has the limitation that heterogeneity between the agreements leads to a fine granularity of categories that hamper the comparability between partners. Despite these problems, the approach allows the comparison of data privacy and supports the development of a data integration process for international harmonisation.

Data Privacy vs. Data Security

2021 ◽  
pp. 209-235
Author(s):  
Sue Milton
Keyword(s):  
Cyber Security ◽  
Data Security ◽  
Data Privacy ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Data Governance ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Data Usage ◽  
High Resource ◽  
Nation States

The proliferation of data exposure via social media implies privacy and security are a lost cause. Regulation counters this through personal data usage compliance. Organizations must also keep non-personal data safe from competitors, criminals, and nation states. The chapter introduces leaders to the two data governance fundamentals: data privacy and data security. The chapter argues that data security cannot be achieved until data privacy issues have been addressed. Simply put, data privacy is fundamental to any data usage policy and data security to the data access policy. The fundamentals are then discussed more broadly, covering data and information management, cyber security, governance, and innovations in IT service provisioning. The chapter clarifies the complementary fundamentals and how they reduce data abuse. The link between privacy and security also demystifies the high resource costs in implementing and maintaining security practices and explains why leaders must provide strong IT leadership to ensure IT investment is defined and implemented wisely.

Data Privacy vs. Data Security

2014 ◽  
pp. 215-234
Author(s):  
Sue Milton
Keyword(s):  
Data Security ◽  
Data Privacy ◽  
Identity Management ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Access Policy ◽  
Data Usage ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Privacy Issues

This chapter assumes data is a key asset that, if lost or damaged, severely disrupts business capability and reputation. The chapter has one core purpose, to provide leaders with sufficient understanding of two data management fundamentals, data privacy and data security. Without that understanding, Information Technology (IT) security will always be seen as a cost on, not an investment towards, quality and performance. The chapter reviews the relationship between data privacy and data security. It argues that data security cannot be achieved until data privacy issues have been addressed. Simply put, data privacy is fundamental to any data usage policy and data security to the data access policy. The topic is then discussed in broader terms, in the context of data and information management, covering various themes such as cyber-crime, governance, and innovations in identity management. The chapter's intended outcome is to clarify the relationship between data privacy and security and how this understanding helps reduce data abuse. The link between privacy and security will also demystify the reason for high costs in implementing and maintaining security policies and explain why leaders need to provide stronger IT strategic leadership to ensure IT investment is defined and implemented wisely.

scholarly journals Article or advertisement? How legacy and new media are blurring lines and creating new hybrid content through native advertising

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Fernandez-Blance
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
New Media ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
New York Times ◽  
Professional Communication ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Major Research ◽  
Editorial Content ◽  
The Creation

This Master of Professional Communication Major Research Paper (MRP), a pilot study, examines how native advertising is used by new and legacy media publications in an effort to determine whether the lines between advertisement and editorial content have been blurred. The literature reviewed outlines the creation of added-value content through framing, recognition of persuasion attempts and the creation of synergy through contextual similarity. Within this MRP, a qualitative content analysis was conducted on 5 samples of native advertising from legacy publication The New York Times and 5 samples from new media publication BuzzFeed within the 2015 calendar year. The results of the content analysis have indicated that through framing, persuasion and contextual similarity, the lines between advertisement and editorial content in both publications appear to have softened.

scholarly journals How are social determinants of health represented in German medical education?: a qualitative content analysis of key-curricular documents

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. e036026
Author(s):  
Franziska Hommes ◽  
Simon Drees ◽  
Karin Geffert ◽  
Peter von Philipsborn ◽  
Jan M Stratil
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Social Determinants Of Health ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Health Workforce ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Medical Schools ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Coding System

ObjectiveThe WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health (SDH) has called for a health workforce trained in recognising, understanding and acting on the SDH. However, little is known about how current medical education prepares graduates for this challenge. This study analyses the extent to which the German medical education incorporates content on SDH.DesignFollowing a published protocol, in 2018, we conducted a qualitative and quantitative content analysis of three key document groups, defining and guiding what medical schools are expected to teach and what medical students are expected to know when graduating in Germany. We developed the coding system in a mixed inductive and deductive approach based on key WHO documents.SettingMedical schools and the medical education system in Germany.ResultsImportant gaps exist in the representation of SDH in medical education in Germany. Between 3% and 27% of the analysed document-elements made reference to SDH and only 0%–3% of those document elements made explicit references to SDH. While some aspects were covered widely (eg, topics of occupational health, early childhood development and hygiene), other topics such as health inequalities or determinants outside of the healthcare system were not or hardly represented.ConclusionsA stronger and more explicit representation of SDH in German medical education is needed to prepare the new health workforce for current and future challenges in our globalised world and for medical schools to be socially accountable.

scholarly journals Towards a Remote Monitoring of Patient Vital Signs Based on IoT-Based Blockchain Integrity Management Platforms in Smart Hospitals

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 2195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faisal Jamil ◽  
Shabir Ahmad ◽  
Naeem Iqbal ◽  
Do-Hyeun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Medical Information ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Healthcare Research ◽  
Security Requirements ◽  
Physiological Data ◽  
Healthcare Applications ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
The Government

Over the past several years, many healthcare applications have been developed to enhance the healthcare industry. Recent advancements in information technology and blockchain technology have revolutionized electronic healthcare research and industry. The innovation of miniaturized healthcare sensors for monitoring patient vital signs has improved and secured the human healthcare system. The increase in portable health devices has enhanced the quality of health-monitoring status both at an activity/fitness level for self-health tracking and at a medical level, providing more data to clinicians with potential for earlier diagnosis and guidance of treatment. When sharing personal medical information, data security and comfort are essential requirements for interaction with and collection of electronic medical records. However, it is hard for current systems to meet these requirements because they have inconsistent security policies and access control structures. The new solutions should be directed towards improving data access, and should be managed by the government in terms of privacy and security requirements to ensure the reliability of data for medical purposes. Blockchain paves the way for a revolution in the traditional pharmaceutical industry and benefits from unique features such as privacy and transparency of data. In this paper, we propose a novel platform for monitoring patient vital signs using smart contracts based on blockchain. The proposed system is designed and developed using hyperledger fabric, which is an enterprise-distributed ledger framework for developing blockchain-based applications. This approach provides several benefits to the patients, such as an extensive, immutable history log, and global access to medical information from anywhere at any time. The Libelium e-Health toolkit is used to acquire physiological data. The performance of the designed and developed system is evaluated in terms of transaction per second, transaction latency, and resource utilization using a standard benchmark tool known as Hyperledger Caliper. It is found that the proposed system outperforms the traditional health care system for monitoring patient data.

scholarly journals Patient Perspectives on Health Data Privacy and Management: “Where Is My Data and Whose Is It?”

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mart Wetzels ◽  
Eva Broers ◽  
Peter Peters ◽  
Loe Feijs ◽  
Jos Widdershoven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
Data Privacy ◽  
Patient Perspective ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Health Data ◽  
Medical Data ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Insurance Companies

New technologies are increasingly evaluated for use within the clinical practice to monitor patients’ medical and lifestyle data. This development could contribute to a more personalized approach to patient care and potentially improve health outcomes. To date, patient perspective on this development has mostly been neglected in the literature. Hence, this study aims to shed more light on the patient perspective on health data privacy and management. Focus groups with cardiac patients were done at the Elizabeth TweeSteden Ziekenhuis (ETZ) in the Netherlands as part of the DoCHANGE project. The focus groups were conducted using a semistructured protocol which was organized around three themes: privacy regulations, data storage, and transparency and privacy management. Five focus groups with a total of 23 patients were conducted. The majority of the patients preferred to have access to their medical data; however, the knowledge on who has access to data was limited. Patients indicated that they do not want to share their medical data with health insurance companies or the pharmaceutical industry. Furthermore, most patients do not see the added value of supplementing their medical dossier with lifestyle data. Current findings showed patients prefer access to and control over own data but that the knowledge concerning data privacy and management is limited. Sharing of non-medical health data (e.g.,, physical activity) was considered unnecessary. Future studies should address patient preferences and develop infrastructure which facilitates medical data access for patients.

scholarly journals Review: Big Data Privacy and Security Risk and Solutions

2021 ◽  
pp. 85-94
Author(s):  
Madhavi Tota
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Data Privacy ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Database Systems ◽  
Mobile Internet ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Security Risk ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Big Data Privacy

Big Data is very dynamic issues in the current year, enables computing resources as a data to be provided as Information Technology services with high efficiency and effectiveness. The high amount of data in world is growing day by day. Data is growing very rapidly because of use of internet, smart phone and social network. Now size of the data is in Petabyte and Exabyte. Traditional database systems are not able to capture, store and analyze this large amount of data. In the digital and computing world, information is generated and collected at a rate that rapidly exceeds the limits. However, the current scenario the growth rate of such large data creates number of challenges, such as the fast growth of data, access speed, diverse data, and security. This paper shows the fundamental concepts of Big Data. Privacy threats and security methods used in Big Data. With the development of various research application and recourses of Internet/Mobile Internet, social networks, Internet of Things, big data has become the very important topic of research across the world, at the same time, big data has security risks and privacy protection during different stages such as collecting, storing, analyzing and utilizing. This paper introduces security measures of big data, then proposes the technology to solve the security threats.

scholarly journals Article or advertisement? How legacy and new media are blurring lines and creating new hybrid content through native advertising

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Fernandez-Blance
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
New Media ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
New York Times ◽  
Professional Communication ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Major Research ◽  
Editorial Content ◽  
The Creation

This Master of Professional Communication Major Research Paper (MRP), a pilot study, examines how native advertising is used by new and legacy media publications in an effort to determine whether the lines between advertisement and editorial content have been blurred. The literature reviewed outlines the creation of added-value content through framing, recognition of persuasion attempts and the creation of synergy through contextual similarity. Within this MRP, a qualitative content analysis was conducted on 5 samples of native advertising from legacy publication The New York Times and 5 samples from new media publication BuzzFeed within the 2015 calendar year. The results of the content analysis have indicated that through framing, persuasion and contextual similarity, the lines between advertisement and editorial content in both publications appear to have softened.

scholarly journals Quality of Publicly Available Physical Activity Apps: Review and Content Analysis (Preprint)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina Bondaronek ◽  
Ghadah Alkhaldi ◽  
April Slee ◽  
Fiona L Hamilton ◽  
Elizabeth Murray
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Data Privacy ◽  
Health Care Quality ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Care Quality ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
User Ratings

BACKGROUND Within the new digital health landscape, the rise of health apps creates novel prospects for health promotion. The market is saturated with apps that aim to increase physical activity (PA). Despite the wide distribution and popularity of PA apps, there are limited data on their effectiveness, user experience, and safety of personal data. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this review and content analysis was to evaluate the quality of the most popular PA apps on the market using health care quality indicators. METHODS The top-ranked 400 free and paid apps from iTunes and Google Play stores were screened. Apps were included if the primary behavior targeted was PA, targeted users were adults, and the apps had stand-alone functionality. The apps were downloaded on mobile phones and assessed by 2 reviewers against the following quality assessment criteria: (1) users’ data privacy and security, (2) presence of behavior change techniques (BCTs) and quality of the development and evaluation processes, and (3) user ratings and usability. RESULTS Out of 400 apps, 156 met the inclusion criteria, of which 65 apps were randomly selected to be downloaded and assessed. Almost 30% apps (19/65) did not have privacy policy. Every app contained at least one BCT, with an average number of 7 and a maximum of 13 BCTs. All but one app had commercial affiliation, 12 consulted an expert, and none reported involving users in the app development. Only 12 of 65 apps had a peer-reviewed study connected to the app. User ratings were high, with only a quarter of the ratings falling below 4 stars. The median usability score was excellent—86.3 out of 100. CONCLUSIONS Despite the popularity of PA apps available on the commercial market, there were substantial shortcomings in the areas of data safety and likelihood of effectiveness of the apps assessed. The limited quality of the apps may represent a missed opportunity for PA promotion.

scholarly journals Perception of sources of private wealth. A qualitative study of perceptive schemes of Western and Eastern Bloc students

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Pietrzak
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Eastern Bloc ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Financial Trading ◽  
Economic Context ◽  
Economic Reality

Abstract Over the recent years, money has become one of the most compelling topics in modern societies. Consequently, financial literacy turns out to be an indispensable ability in today’s complex reality. Numerous studies reveal that the level of financial literacy is dependent on the socio-economic context in which the financial experience is formed. Against this background, this study aims to verify how the specific socio-economic context affects the perception of students with regard to the main sources of private wealth in the Western and Eastern Bloc countries. The research problem focuses on the following question: Do students’ perceptions precisely reflect the economic reality in their countries? Data from 115 essays written by students from Poland, Austria, Russia, The Netherlands, Germany, Sweden, and Ukraine were analyzed using directed qualitative content analysis. A structured matrix of four predetermined sources of wealth – CEO compensation, financial trading, entrepreneurship, and inheritance – was developed and subsequently compared with students’ observations. As a result, two conceptual models were developed presenting differences in the perceptive schemes of Western and Eastern Bloc students. Then the perceptions were compared with empirical data from the Forbes list of billionaires. This paper provides an example of how essays written by students can become a source of empirical research. Its added value lies in showing the usefulness of directed qualitative content analysis in socio-economic studies.

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