Titan, Moons, and Small Planets

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew P. Ingersoll
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Effect ◽  
Hydrologic Cycle ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Atmospheric Evolution ◽  
Geologic Time ◽  
Size Limit ◽  
Energy Environment ◽  
Higher Hydrocarbons ◽  
Lower Size

This chapter examines the hydrologic cycle on Saturn's moon Titan, which has an atmosphere of nitrogen and methane. Titan is an evolving atmosphere, close to the lower size limit of objects that can retain a sizeable atmosphere over geologic time. Below this limit, the atmospheres are tenuous and transient. The chapter first provides an overview of Titan's atmospheric evolution before discussing its hydrologic cycle and lakes. It then considers Titan's energetic weather in a low-energy environment, focusing on temperature and winds, and the difficulty of retaining an atmosphere on Titan due to its small gravity and proximity to the Sun. It also explains the anti-greenhouse effect and production of higher hydrocarbons on Titan.

Venus: Atmospheric Evolution

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew P. Ingersoll
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Greenhouse Effect ◽  
Bulk Composition ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Atmospheric Evolution ◽  
Climate Evolution

This chapter discusses the greenhouse effect and climate evolution using Venus as an example. Venus mostly has an Earth-like inventory of volatile gases—the basic ingredients of atmospheres and oceans—but with one glaring exception: water. Earth's ocean is 300 times as massive as its atmosphere. Water is more abundant than all the other volatiles combined, including carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and oxygen. In contrast, Venus has only a small amount of water, and it is all in the atmosphere. The chapter first compares Earth and Venus in terms of size, distance from the Sun, and bulk composition, as well as climates and inventories of hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur. It then considers loss of water and escape of atmospheres on Venus, along with the so-called runaway greenhouse.

scholarly journals Detecting Cold Dark Matter Candidates

1987 ◽  
Vol 117 ◽  
pp. 490-490
Author(s):  
A. K. Drukier ◽  
K. Freese ◽  
D. N. Spergel
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Cold Dark Matter ◽  
Galactic Halo ◽  
Dark Matter Particle ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Background Rate ◽  
System Noise ◽  
Weakly Interacting ◽  
Massive Neutrinos

We consider the use of superheated superconducting colloids as detectors of weakly interacting galactic halo candidate particles (e.g. photinos, massive neutrinos, and scalar neutrinos). These low temperature detectors are sensitive to the deposition of a few hundreds of eV's. The recoil of a dark matter particle off of a superheated superconducting grain in the detector causes the grain to make a transition to the normal state. Their low energy threshold makes this class of detectors ideal for detecting massive weakly interacting halo particles.We discuss realistic models for the detector and for the galactic halo. We show that the expected count rate (≈103 count/day for scalar and massive neutrinos) exceeds the expected background by several orders of magnitude. For photinos, we expect ≈1 count/day, more than 100 times the predicted background rate. We find that if the detector temperature is maintained at 50 mK and the system noise is reduced below 5 × 10−4 flux quanta, particles with mass as low as 2 GeV can be detected. We show that the earth's motion around the Sun can produce a significant annual modulation in the signal.

Lower size limit of aquatic mammals

1999 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 920-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boye K. Ahlborn ◽  
Robert W. Blake
Keyword(s):  
Size Limit ◽  
Lower Size ◽  
Aquatic Mammals

Longshore variability of beach states and bar types in a microtidal, storm-influenced, low-energy environment

Geomorphology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 241 ◽  
pp. 175-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Aleman ◽  
N. Robin ◽  
R. Certain ◽  
E.J. Anthony ◽  
J.-P. Barusseau
Keyword(s):  
Low Energy ◽  
Energy Environment

Sedimentary fades, depositional environments, and faunal associations of the lower Llandovery (Silurian) Beechill Cove Formation, Arisaig, Nova Scotia

1983 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 1761-1779 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. Pickerill ◽  
J. M. Hurst
Keyword(s):  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Sedimentation Rates ◽  
Storm Activity ◽  
Distributional Patterns ◽  
Low Diversity ◽  
Energy Environment ◽  
Shallow Subtidal ◽  
Oxygen Minimum ◽  
Mudstone Facies

Six facies are recognised in the Beechill Cove Formation. These are: (1) conglomerate facies deposited as a transgressive beach lag; (2) red shale facies deposited in shoreface environments; (3) mottled mudstone facies; extensively bioturbated sediments indicative of shallow subtidal areas influenced by low sedimentation rates; (4) regular layered facies; shelf turbidites generated by storm activity and superimposed on quiescent subtidal environments; (5) lenticular facies, including a thinner bedded more persistent and a thicker bedded lenticular subfacies, induced by storm activity and deposited in shallow subtidal environments; and (6) laminated shale facies produced by sediment fallout from suspension in a low-energy environment where the oxygen, minimum layer intersected the sediment–water interface. Three faunal associations occur, which have distinct distributional patterns. The Lingula clintoni association, which is characterized by L. clintoni in life position and a moderately diverse but abundant trace-fossil assemblage, is restricted to the mottled mudstone facies. The Leptostrophia beechillensis association, a transported residue, is dominated by brachiopods and restricted to the regular layered facies. The low-diversity Dalmanella primitiva association is transported and restricted to the lenticular facies. No faunas are known from the conglomerate or laminated shale facies, and only rare trace fossils occur in the red shale facies.

Data Transmission Method using Broadcasting in Bluetooth Low Energy Environment

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 963-969
Author(s):  
Rae-Young Jang ◽  
Jae-Ung Lee ◽  
Sung-Jae Jung ◽  
Woo-Young Soh
Keyword(s):  
Data Transmission ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Transmission Method ◽  
Bluetooth Low Energy ◽  
Energy Environment
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