scholarly journals SUSPENSIONS TRANSPORT PREDICTIVE MODELING UNDER VARIOUS SCENARIOS OF FERROMANGANESE NODULES EXTRACTION FROM THE PACIFIC OCEAN BOTTOM

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
A. A. Sukhinov ◽  
A. A. Sukhinov ◽  
S. B. Kirilchik
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Aqueous Medium ◽  
Granulometric Composition ◽  
Water Mass ◽  
Propagation Model ◽  
Ocean Bottom ◽  
Eastern Pacific Ocean ◽  
Ferromanganese Nodules ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean

The article is devoted to the suspensions’ distribution mathematical modeling in the Eastern Pacific Ocean for various scenarios for the ferromanganese nodules extraction. The suspensions propagation model with complex granulometric composition that can interact in an aqueous medium takes into account the suspensions microturbulent diffusion caused by the turbulent aqueous medium movement and the suspensions convection caused by the advective movement of water mass in the ocean; gravitational suspensions deposition under the gravity influence; mutual transitions between different fractions that make up the suspension; interaction of particles with the bottom and with the free surface.

Tracing the thermohaline Conveyor Belt circulation; from the Drake Passage to the Pacific Ocean

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Berglund ◽  
Kristofer Döös ◽  
Jonas Nycander
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Water Mass ◽  
Drake Passage ◽  
Conveyor Belt ◽  
Volume Transport ◽  
Equatorial Undercurrent ◽  
Internal Mixing ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
Water Mass Transformation

<p>This study describes an important pathway of the thermohaline conveyor belt circulation and connects the geographical distribution of water masses with water mass transformation. <br>In the Southern Ocean, cold and fresh water up-wells to the surface and returns northward, entering the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian Ocean. This reflects an important part of the thermohaline conveyor belt circulation. As the water flows northward, it changes temperature and salinity, and thus density. These changes can be caused either by internal mixing or air-sea interactions. </p><p>In this study, Lagrangian trajectories are used to follow the pathway from Drake Passage to the warm Pacific Ocean. Trajectories are started in the Drake Passage, and are ended when they either reach 25$^\circ$C or return to the Drake Passage. The trajectories entering the Pacific Ocean follow the Antarctic circumpolar current and separate then into two pathways. The first enters the Pacific Ocean close to the South American coast and flows along the coast until it reaches 25$^\circ$C close to the equator. The second pathway, which corresponds to most of the total volume transport entering the Pacific, are subducted around 40$^\circ$S. The water then moves westward until it reaches Australia where it turns northward and ultimately joins the equatorial undercurrent. </p><p>Along these two pathways, the water changes temperature and salinity, going from cold and fresh to warm and saline. Preliminary results indicate that the water mass transformation for the first pathway are due to air-sea interactions, and internal mixing for the second. </p>

New paedomorphic brachiopods from the abyssal zone of the north-eastern Pacific Ocean

Zootaxa ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3613 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIA ALEKSANDRA BITNER ◽  
VJACHESLAV P. MELNIK ◽  
OLGA N. ZEZINA
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Eastern Pacific Ocean ◽  
The North ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
Abyssal Zone ◽  
Sexually Mature

New Recent very small but sexually mature brachiopods have been found at abyssal depths (4580–4850 m) in the Clarion- Clipperton Zone of the Pacific Ocean. They are characterized by simple (under-developed, juvenile) morphological fea-tures, which are interpreted here as paedomorphic, indicating the importance of heterochrony in the evolution of deep-sea brachiopods. We have described these brachiopods as representing two new genera and species, i.e. Oceanithyris juveni-formis Bitner & Zezina (Family ?Dyscoliidae) and Simpliciforma profunda Bitner & Zezina (Superfamily Gwynioidea).

Age validation of the blue shark (Prionace glauca) in the eastern Pacific Ocean

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 1130 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. David Wells ◽  
Natalie Spear ◽  
Suzanne Kohin
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Eastern Pacific ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Eastern Pacific Ocean ◽  
Blue Shark ◽  
Deposition Rates ◽  
Prionace Glauca ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
Band Pair

The blue shark (Prionace glauca) is subjected to high levels of fishery catch and by-catch worldwide; thus, knowledge of their productivity and population status is vital, yet basic assumptions of band-pair deposition rates in vertebrae used for age and growth models are being made without direct validation studies in the Pacific Ocean. As such, the purpose of the present study was to validate vertebral band-deposition rates of blue sharks tagged and recaptured in the eastern Pacific Ocean. Vertebrae of 26 blue sharks marked with oxytetracycline (OTC) were obtained from tag–recapture activities to determine timing of centrum growth-band deposition. Results from band counts distal to the OTC mark on each vertebra indicated that a single band pair (1 translucent and 1 opaque) is formed per year for blue sharks ranging from 1 to 8 years of age. Length–frequency modal analysis was also used to obtain growth estimates from a dataset spanning 26 years of research and commercial catch data. Results provide support for annual band-pair deposition in blue shark vertebrae and will aid in future blue shark age and growth studies in the Pacific Ocean.

Processing of Ferromanganese Nodules of the Pacific Ocean

Metallurgist ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 439-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Petukhov ◽  
A. A. Dar’in ◽  
N. M. Telyakov
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Ferromanganese Nodules ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean
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