CELLULAR AUTOMATON WITH PERCOLATION AS A DYNAMIC SYSTEM: ENTROPY APPROACH

A model of information confrontation based on a two-dimensional percolation-cellular automaton on a closed oriented surface is constructed and implemented programmatically. Numerical experiments were performed. A theorem on the finiteness of a completely positive topological entropy of a given cellular automaton is formulated and proved. As an applied application of the constructed automaton, a retrospective forecast of the results of the Russian Presidential election in 2018 was made both in Russia as a whole and in two regions of Russia. The General logic of using the automaton was as follows. At the preparatory stage, a model of the region was built, which is a field of a cellular automaton. In the case of regions, anamorphic mapping was used, in which each territorial-administrative unit is represented by a certain number of cells that occupy a connected area of the field of the automaton; the areas of these areas are proportional to the number of voters, and if possible, geographical neighbors are preserved. The color of the cell corresponds to a certain political position; for example, if a certain city has 60% support for the President, then this percentage of cells in that city is red. As initial data for the calculation, the results of sociological surveys on support for the current President conducted 6-12 months before the election were taken; the dynamics of the system is modeled using a cellular automaton; for the formed stationary solution, the shares of cells corresponding to the number of supporters and opponents of the President, as well as non-appearance, are calculated; these shares are taken as a forecast of election results. Those constructed in this way showed significantly lower accuracy than forecasts made using standard sociological methods in the last days before the election. However, they can be used for early forecasting. The reason for this difference is that the opinions of voters immediately prior to elections are determined by campaign, and long before the election - the prevalence and embeddedness of value orientations, which is incorporated in the model.

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PERSONAL FEATURES OF TEACHERS AS DESCRIPTORS OF MANIFESTATION OF PSYCHOLOGICAL BARRIERS IN AN INNOVATIVE PROCESS

BULLETIN Series Psychology ◽

10.51889/2020-2.1728-7847.02 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 63 (2) ◽

pp. 14-22

Author(s):

N.A. Ladzina ◽

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A.T. Akazhanova ◽

Sh. Bisenova ◽

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...

Keyword(s):

Innovation Process ◽

Implementation Process ◽

Personal Characteristics ◽

Value Orientations ◽

School Teachers ◽

Psychological Barriers ◽

Psychological Phenomena ◽

Activity Types ◽

Preparatory Stage ◽

Relationship Of

This article presents a study of the relationship of personal characteristics and the manifestation of this fact in the innovation process. The indicated problem appears in psychology as a manifestation of conservatism, conformism, and other psychological and socio-psychological phenomena, collectively called “psychological barriers”, which are understood as difficulties in a person’s activity, caused by the characteristics of his mental state and personal characteristics “preserving” the potential of his activity. types of psychological barriers, their specificity in the innovation process is disclosed. The article shows that such personality characteristics as the external locus of control, external professional motivation, conservatism and certain value orientations influence the rejection of innovations and will be more pronounced among high school teachers than among higher school teachers. The results and conclusions presented by the authors can be useful in the preparatory stage of innovations in the education system to prevent the formation of psychological barriers and increase the effectiveness of the implementation process

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Employing Latino Value Orientations to Facilitate Success in Stuttering Treatment

Perspectives on Fluency and Fluency Disorders ◽

10.1044/ffd18.3.111 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 111-118

Author(s):

Lourdes Ramos-Heinrichs ◽

Lynn Hansberry Mayo ◽

Sandra Garzon

Keyword(s):

Foreign Language ◽

Therapeutic Relationship ◽

Service Provider ◽

Speech Therapy ◽

Cross Cultural ◽

Value Orientations ◽

Collaborative Partnership ◽

The Family ◽

Therapy Services ◽

Cultural Connections

Abstract Providing adequate speech therapy services to Latinos who stutter can present challenges that are not obvious to the practicing clinician. This article addresses cultural, religious, and foreign language concerns to the therapeutic relationship between the Latino client and the clinician. Suggestions are made for building cross-cultural connections with clients and incorporating the family into a collaborative partnership with the service provider.

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2016 Election Results

ASHA Leader ◽

10.1044/leader.an2.21072016.58 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 21 (7) ◽

pp. 58-58

Keyword(s):

2016 Election ◽

Election Results

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Emotions Under the Skin

Journal of Psychophysiology ◽

10.1027/0269-8803/a000147 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 161-170 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Catarina Silva ◽

Ana Cláudia Ferreira ◽

Isabel Soares ◽

Francisco Esteves

Keyword(s):

Attachment Style ◽

Attachment Styles ◽

The Other ◽

Regulatory Function ◽

Physiological Reactivity ◽

Emotional Stimuli ◽

Skin Conductance Responses ◽

Lower Accuracy ◽

Emotional Pictures ◽

Valence And Arousal

Abstract. The present study examined physiological reactivity to emotional stimuli as a function of attachment style. Skin conductance responses (SCRs) and heart rate (HR) changes were simultaneously recorded while participants engaged in a visual attentional task. The task included positive, neutral, and negative emotional pictures, and required the identification of a target (neutral picture rotated 90° to the left or right), among a stream of pictures in which an emotional distracter (positive or negative) was presented. Participants additionally rated each of the emotional distracters for valence and arousal. Behavioral results on the attentional task showed that positive pictures facilitated overall target detection for all participants, compared to negative and neutral pictures, and that anxiously attached participants had significantly lower accuracy scores, relative to the other groups. Affective ratings indicated that positive pictures were rated as being more pleasant than negative ones, although no differences were found in HR changes to picture valence. In contrast, negative pictures were evaluated as being highly arousing. Consistent with this, negative pictures elicited larger SCRs in both insecure anxious and avoidant groups, especially for the anxious while the secure group showed SCRs unaffected by stimuli’s arousal. Present results show that individuals with different attachment styles reveal distinct patterns of attentional bias, appraisal, and physiological reactivity toward emotionally arousing stimuli. These findings further highlight the regulatory function of the attachment system.

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Everybody Follows the Crowd?

Journal of Media Psychology Theories Methods and Applications ◽

10.1027/1864-1105/a000160 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Magdalena Obermaier ◽

Thomas Koch ◽

Christian Baden

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

News Coverage ◽

Personal Characteristics ◽

Election Campaigns ◽

Bandwagon Effect ◽

Political News ◽

Election Results ◽

Opinion Polls ◽

Electoral Preferences

Abstract. Opinion polls are a well-established part of political news coverage, especially during election campaigns. At the same time, there has been controversial debate over the possible influences of such polls on voters’ electoral choices. The most prominent influence discussed is the bandwagon effect: It states that voters tend to support the expected winner of an upcoming election, and use polls to determine who the likely winner will be. This study investigated the mechanisms underlying the effect. In addition, we inquired into the role of past electoral performances of a candidate and analyzed how these (as well as polls) are used as heuristic cues for the assessment of a candidate’s personal characteristics. Using an experimental design, we found that both polls and past election results influence participants’ expectations regarding which candidate will succeed. Moreover, higher competence was attributed to a candidate, if recipients believe that the majority of voters favor that candidate. Through this attribution of competence, both information about prior elections and current polls shaped voters’ electoral preferences.

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