Distribution of Phytochemicals and Some Anti-nutrients in Selected Edible Mushrooms in Ekiti State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adedeji Olayinka Adebiyi
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Edible Mushrooms ◽  
World Health ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Mushroom Species ◽  
Safe Limits ◽  
Health Organization

The present study was carried out to determine the phytochemical and anti nutritional composition of some selected edible mushrooms collected in Ekiti State, Nigeria such as Pleurotus sajor-caju, Termitomyces robustus, Lentinus squarosullus, Termitomyces microcarpous, Termitomyces clypeatus, Lentinus tuber-regium and Polyporus sp. The results of phytochemical analyses revealed the presence of phytochemicals such as alkaloids (0.03-0.17%), saponin (0.03-0.12%), total phenols (0.12-4.32%), flavonoids (0.20-6.04%) and tannins (0.04-2.60%). The least concentration of all the phytochemicals was found in Polyporus sp. Results of anti nutrient screening revealed the presence of phytate (0.17-0.34mg/g), oxalate (1.87-4.04mg/g) and cyanide (0.05-0.27mg/g). Furthermore, results revealed significant differences in the phytochemical as well as anti nutritional composition of the mushrooms though some species had similar compositions. The obtained values of phytochemicals and anti nutrients were significantly lower in all the mushroom species compared to their toxic levels according to World Health Organization stipulated safe limits. Thus, the study suggests that all the mushroom species are very safe for consumption while the presence of alkaloids, saponins, phenols and flavonoids indicate medicinal potentials. Hence, screening and characterization of the secondary metabolites are required.

scholarly journals Nutritional composition of fad diets published on websites and blogs

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiane Cristina de Assis BRAGA ◽  
Hillary Nascimento COLETRO ◽  
Maria Tereza de FREITAS
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
World Health ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Dietary Reference Intake ◽  
The World ◽  
Carb Diet ◽  
The One ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Deficiency Diseases

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze quantitatively the diets available on blogs and websites. Methods The following 15 diets were analyzed: low-carb diet, gluten-free diet and intermittent fasting diet using the Virtual Nutri software program. The nutrients analyzed were as follows: carbohydrates, fibers, proteins, lipids, iodine, sodium, calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, manganese, phosphorus, selenium, vitamins A, C, B6, B12, D, niacin, and folate. The nutrient values were compared with the Dietary Reference Intake recommendation for adults between the ages of 19-50 years. The macronutrient adequacy percentage was based on a 2000-kcal diet for a healthy life, as recommended by the World Health Organization. Results It was observed that most of the composition of macro and micronutrients was lower than the one established by the World Health Organization and the Dietary Reference Intake recommendation for adults between the ages of 19-50 years. Conclusion Long-term dieting can be a risk factor for several deficiency diseases and may endanger the health of individuals.

Epidemology: The role of the World Health Organization in the study of influenza

1980 ◽  
Vol 288 (1029) ◽  
pp. 417-421 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Early Years ◽  
World Health ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
The World ◽  
Pandemic Strains ◽  
Health Organization

The World Health Organization (W.H.O.), since its inception in 1947, has given close attention to influenza. In its early years W.H.O. laid the foundations of its present network of over 100 national influenza centres and collaborating laboratories which today constitute the backbone of its influenza activities. The activities of the network include the isolation and characterization of influenza strains and the early notification of any changes in surface antigens, the preparation of reference reagents, standardization of diagnostic procedures, formulation of requirements for vaccines, training, and collaboration in research. The efficacy of the network has been proved in the 1957, 1968 and 1977 epidemics. Collaborative research organized by W.H.O. has made important contributions to our understanding of the epidemiology of influenza, including the possible role of lower animals as the origin of some pandemic strains. The latter subject is briefly discussed.

scholarly journals Contemporary Renal Tumor Categorization With Biomarker and Translational Updates: A Practical Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 143 (12) ◽  
pp. 1477-1491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander S. Taylor ◽  
Daniel E. Spratt ◽  
Saravana M. Dhanasekaran ◽  
Rohit Mehra
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Renal Tumor ◽  
Tumor Classification ◽  
World Health ◽  
Renal Tumors ◽  
World Health Organization Classification ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Context.— Renal tumor classification has evolved in recent decades, as evidenced by the comparable complexity of the 2016 revision to the World Health Organization Classification of Tumours of the Urinary System and Male Genital Organs. A recent expansion of the knowledge base surrounding the cells of origin and evolutionary genomic characteristics of renal tumors has led to molecular characterization of novel entities and enriched understanding of established entities. This pace of research and its implementation into clinical practice has again begun to surpass that of our own classification schemata, with significant discoveries having been made since the introduction of the 2016 revision to the World Health Organization classification. In particular, biomarkers for renal tumor diagnosis and prognosis are in translation for future clinical application. Objectives.— To provide a brief framework for clinical characterization of renal tumors rooted in morphologic assessment, to briefly review the current and future status of renal tumor biomarkers with an emphasis on practical use of these ancillary tools for accurate diagnosis, and to discuss the impact of emerging technologies and clinical trials relevant to renal cell carcinoma classification and biomarker development. Data Sources.— We review recent literature relevant to renal tumor classification (including established and proposed entities), focusing on molecular characterization and biomarker assessment. Conclusions.— Accurate renal tumor diagnosis requires an up-to-date understanding of renal tumor classification, including an awareness of morphologic clues that should stimulate consideration of molecularly defined entities, as well as the ancillary biomarker testing required to confirm diagnoses.

scholarly journals Analysis of Brazilian Manufacters in the COVID-19 Diagnostic Products by ANVISA

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 312-318
Author(s):  
Valdir Gomes Barbosa Júnior ◽  
Roberto José da Silva Badaró ◽  
Bruna Aparecida Souza Machado
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Regulatory Agency ◽  
Careful Analysis ◽  
World Health ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
External Dependence

In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 as a pandemic. Diagnostic and screening tests have been important tools for the clinical characterization of diseases such as COVID-19. This study aimed to analyze the presence of Brazilian manufacturers in the COVID-19 products approved by the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency (ANVISA). This research used the ANVISA database, in which 329 registered products were identified. We classified them into 4 methods, 3 of which were the object of careful analysis. The results showed Brazil’s external dependence on products from other countries, mainly from China.    

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document