scholarly journals Assessment of hip muscles by surface EMG in gait analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-90
Author(s):  
Menekşe Karahan ◽  
Bülent Sabri Cığalı
Keyword(s):  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Surface Emg ◽  
Swing Phase ◽  
The Body ◽  
Spatiotemporal Parameters ◽  
Gluteus Maximus Muscle ◽  
Single Limb Support ◽  
Rectus Femoris Muscle

Objectives: The rectus femoris muscle flexes the thigh, while the gluteus maximus muscle extends it. Understanding the activations of these two muscles that function in opposition to each other during walking facilitates the interpretation of gait pathologies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the activations of these muscles during walking by using the surface electromyography (EMG) technique. Methods: Twenty female volunteers aged 18–26 years participated in our study. The electrical activation of the rectus femoris and gluteus maximus muscles of the participants was simultaneously evaluated by gait analysis. At the same time, spatiotemporal parameters and phase parameters were obtained. Results: The activation pattern of both muscles was found to be similar. Both muscles reached the highest activation in the swing phase. The lowest activation was also seen in the pre-swing phase. Both muscles were observed to be active in the loading and single-limb support phases. Conclusion: The fact that these two antagonists muscles are active at the same time suggests that one is functioning concentrically, while the other eccentrically. Thus, stabilization of hip joint is provided when the body moves forward.

Assessment of early swing phase activity of the rectus femoris muscle

1998 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-158
Author(s):  
Anand Nene ◽  
Ruth Mayagoitia ◽  
Peter Veltink
Keyword(s):  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Swing Phase ◽  
Rectus Femoris Muscle ◽  
Femoris Muscle ◽  
Phase Activity

scholarly journals The Effect of Step Width on Muscle Contributions to Body Mass Center Acceleration During the First Stance of Sprinting

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruoli Wang ◽  
Laura Martín de Azcárate ◽  
Paul Sandamas ◽  
Anton Arndt ◽  
Elena M. Gutierrez-Farewik
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
The Body ◽  
Step Width ◽  
Acceleration Analysis

BackgroundAt the beginning of a sprint, the acceleration of the body center of mass (COM) is driven mostly forward and vertically in order to move from an initial crouched position to a more forward-leaning position. Individual muscle contributions to COM accelerations have not been previously studied in a sprint with induced acceleration analysis, nor have muscle contributions to the mediolateral COM accelerations received much attention. This study aimed to analyze major lower-limb muscle contributions to the body COM in the three global planes during the first step of a sprint start. We also investigated the influence of step width on muscle contributions in both naturally wide sprint starts (natural trials) and in sprint starts in which the step width was restricted (narrow trials).MethodMotion data from four competitive sprinters (2 male and 2 female) were collected in their natural sprint style and in trials with a restricted step width. An induced acceleration analysis was performed to study the contribution from eight major lower limb muscles (soleus, gastrocnemius, rectus femoris, vasti, gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, biceps femoris, and adductors) to acceleration of the body COM.ResultsIn natural trials, soleus was the main contributor to forward (propulsion) and vertical (support) COM acceleration and the three vasti (vastus intermedius, lateralis and medialis) were the main contributors to medial COM acceleration. In the narrow trials, soleus was still the major contributor to COM propulsion, though its contribution was considerably decreased. Likewise, the three vasti were still the main contributors to support and to medial COM acceleration, though their contribution was lower than in the natural trials. Overall, most muscle contributions to COM acceleration in the sagittal plane were reduced. At the joint level, muscles contributed overall more to COM support than to propulsion in the first step of sprinting. In the narrow trials, reduced COM propulsion and particularly support were observed compared to the natural trials.ConclusionThe natural wide steps provide a preferable body configuration to propel and support the COM in the sprint starts. No advantage in muscular contributions to support or propel the COM was found in narrower step widths.

scholarly journals Muscle activation during single leg squat is affected by position of the nonstance limb

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Khuu ◽  
Kari L. Loverro ◽  
Cara L. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Surface Emg ◽  
Knee Kinetics ◽  
Hip Muscles ◽  
Single Leg Squat ◽  
Ascent Phase

ABSTRACT Context: The single leg squat (SLS) is appropriate for targeting activation, strengthening, and/or neuromuscular retraining of the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, and quadriceps. However, the effect of different non-stance leg positions on muscle activity has not been fully evaluated. Objective: To compare the muscle activity of selected stance leg hip muscles during the SLS with 3 non-stance leg positions: in front, in the middle, and in back. Design: Controlled laboratory study. Setting: Biomechanics laboratory. Participants: Seventeen healthy adults. Main Outcome Measure(s): Surface EMG data of the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, lateral hamstrings, medial hamstrings, rectus femoris, and TFL as well as kinetic data of the hip and knee were collected while participants performed the 3 SLS tasks. Mean muscle activation levels during the descent phase and ascent phase for the selected hip muscles were compared for the 3 tasks. Hip and knee kinetics in all 3 planes were also compared for the 3 tasks. Each variable of interest was analyzed using a separate linear regression model with a generalized estimating equations correction. Results: Muscle activation levels of the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, medial hamstrings, rectus femoris, and TFL on the stance leg during descent, and the medial hamstrings and TFL during ascent were significantly different between SLS tasks. The greatest number of differences occurred between SLS-Front and SLS-Back. During descent, gluteal muscle activity was greater in SLS-Front and SLS-Middle than in SLS-Back. For both phases, TFL activity was greater during SLS-Front than both SLS-Middle and SLS-Back. Kinetic differences at the hip and knee between SLS tasks were also observed. Conclusion: The 3 SLS tasks have different muscle activation and kinetic profiles. Clinician and researchers can vary non-stance leg position during the SLS to manipulate muscle activation levels and tailor the exercise to assist with goals at different stages of rehabilitation.

The Effect of Strength Shoes on Muscle Activity during Quiet Standing

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Frank ◽  
Richard V. Baratta ◽  
Moshe Solomonow ◽  
Mackie Shilstone ◽  
Kevin Riché
Keyword(s):  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Surface Emg ◽  
Erector Spinae ◽  
Triceps Surae ◽  
Medial Gastrocnemius ◽  
Quiet Standing ◽  
Emg Activity

The goal of this work was to study the effect of Strength Shoes on the activity of leg and postural muscles to gain insight into the mechanisms by which the shoes may improve athletic performance. Surface EMG signals were obtained from the tibialis anterior, medial gastrocnemius, rectus femoris, biceps femoris, gluteus maximus, and erector spinae of 18 healthy athletic subjects. The subjects stood quietly while wearing either normal athletic shoes or Strength Shoes. EMG root mean square value was compared in each muscle using trimmed paired t tests. Significant (p < .002) increases in EMG activity were found in the MG, TA, GM, and ES muscles when the subjects were wearing Strength Shoes as compared to normal shoes. These changes served to stiffen the ankle, counteracting the dorsiflexion moment created by the shoes, and to support an anterior leaning posture, which compensates for the anterior shift in center of pressure. No significant changes were detected in the activities of RF or BF muscles. Using Strength Shoes increased activity in the triceps surae complex and in other muscles mat support the changes in postural requirements caused by the anterior shift in center of pressure.

scholarly journals Velocity Determinants in Spastic Patients after Stroke—A Gait Analysis Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
Miguel Reis e Silva ◽  
Jorge Jacinto
Keyword(s):  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Stride Length ◽  
Stance Phase ◽  
Gait Training ◽  
Swing Phase ◽  
The Body ◽  
Gait Velocity ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Exclusion Criteria

Introduction: Gait velocity in spastic patients after stroke is both a life quality and mortality predictor. However, the precise biomechanical events that impair a faster velocity in this population are not defined. This study goal is to find out which are the gait parameters associated with a higher velocity in stroke patients with spastic paresis. Methods: The registries of a Gait analysis laboratory were retrospectively analyzed. The inclusion criteria were: trials of adult stroke patients with unilateral deficits. The exclusion criteria were: trials when patients used an external walking device, an orthosis, or support by a third person. Of the 116 initial patients, after the application of the exclusion criteria, 34 patients were included in the cohort, all with spatiotemporal, static and dynamic kinematic and dynamometric studies. Results: There was a correlation of velocity with cadence, stride length of the paretic (P) limb, stride length, and time of the P and non-paretic (NP) limb, double support time, all the parameters related to hip extension during stance phase, knee flexion during swing phase, and parameters related to ankle plantarflexion during stance phase. Conclusions: The main gait analysis outcomes that have a correlation with speed are related to the formula velocity = step length × cadence or are related to stance phase events that allow the anterior projection of the body. The only swing phase outcome that has a correlation with speed is knee flexion. More studies are needed from gait analysis laboratories in order to point out the most relevant goals to achieve with gait training in spastic stroke patients.

Assessment of Muscles Fatigue during 400-Meters Running Strategies Based on the Surface EMG Signals

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Hayder A. Yousif ◽  
Abdul Rahim Norasmadi ◽  
Ahmad Faizal Bin Salleh ◽  
Zakaria Ammar ◽  
Khudhur A. Alfarhan
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Domain ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Surface Emg ◽  
Median Frequency ◽  
Bipolar Electrodes ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Full Speed

The aim of this research work is to assess the muscles fatigue of the male runner during 400 meters (m) running with three types of running strategies. The Electromyography (EMG) signals from the Rectus Femoris (RF), Biceps Femoris (BF), Gluteus Maximus (GM), Gastrocnemius Lateralis (GL), and Gastrocnemius Medialis (GMS) were collected by using bipolar electrodes from the right lower extremity’s muscles. EMG signals were collected during the run on the tartan athletic track. Five subjects (non-athletes) had run 400m with three various types of running strategies. The first type: the first 200m running 85-93% of full speed and the last 200m sprinting (full speed), second type: the first 300m running 85-93% of sprinting and the last 100m sprinting, and third type: running 85-93% of sprinting for 400m. The EMG signals were transformed to the time-frequency domain using Short Time Fourier Transform to calculate the instantaneous mean frequency (IMNF) and instantaneous median frequency (IMDF). The less index fatigues were during 1st strategy, while the RF, BF, GM, and GL muscles got recovered with IMNF and IMDF with the three strategies, and the GMS muscle has less negative regression slope value with IMNF with 1st strategy during the 4th 100m of the 400m running event. From the results, it can be concluded the running with the 1st strategy get less fatigues compared with the 2nd and 3rd strategy based on the results of time-frequency domain features (IMNF and IMDF).

scholarly journals EMG Activity With Use of a Hands-Free Single Crutch vs a Knee Scooter

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 247301142110600
Author(s):  
Cuyler Dewar ◽  
Terry L. Grindstaff ◽  
Brooke Farmer ◽  
Morgan Sainsbury ◽  
Sam Gay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Gluteus Maximus ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Surface Emg ◽  
Ankle Injuries ◽  
Assistive Device ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Level Of Evidence

Background: Foot and ankle injuries frequently require a period of nonweightbearing, resulting in muscle atrophy. Our previous study compared a hands-free single crutch (HFSC) to standard axillary crutches and found increased muscle recruitment and intensity while using the HFSC. Knee scooters are another commonly prescribed nonweightbearing device. The purpose of this study is to examine the electromyographic (EMG) differences between an HFSC and knee scooter, in conjunction with device preference and perceived exertion. Methods: A randomized crossover study was performed using 30 noninjured young adults. Wireless surface EMG electrodes were placed on the belly of the rectus femoris (RF), vastus lateralis (VL), lateral gastrocnemius (LG), and gluteus maximus (GM). Participants then ambulated along a 20-m walking area while 15 seconds of the gait cycle was recorded across 3 conditions: walking with a knee scooter, an HFSC, and with no assistive device. Mean muscle activity and peak EMG activity were recorded for each ambulatory modality. Immediately following testing, patient exertion and device preference was recorded. Results: The RF, LG, and GM showed increased peak EMG activity percentage, and the LG showed increased mean muscle activity while using the HFSC compared with the knee scooter. When comparing the knee scooter and HFSC to walking, both showed increased muscle activity in the RF, VL, and LG but no difference in the GM. There was no statistical difference in participant preference, whereas the HFSC had a statistically significant higher perceived exertion than the knee scooter ( P < .001). Conclusion: In this group of young, healthy noninjured volunteers, the HFSC demonstrated increased peak EMG activity in most muscle groups tested compared with the knee scooter. Level of Evidence: Level II, prospective comparative study.

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