scholarly journals Электромагнетизм и гравитация - порождение структуры частицы

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Михаил Чеснаков
Keyword(s):  
Potential Energy ◽  
Complex Space ◽  
Bound State ◽  
Magnetic Component ◽  
Speed Of Light ◽  
Gravitational Forces ◽  
Electrical Component ◽  
Locality Information

Аннотация Концепция, согласно которой все частицы находятся в непрерывной связи между собой, в статье дополнена концепцией развития структуры связанного состояния от простого к сложному. Показано, как в рамках модели последовательное усложнение структуры связанного состояния гипотетических мнимых частиц приводит к появлению материальных частиц с всевозможными формами взаимодействия и созданному частицами сложному пространству. При этом оказалось возможным объединить электрические, магнитные и силы гравитации. Масса не является формой потенциальной энергии, а является одним из двух компонентов импульса. По способу и месту образования существуют спиновая, оболочечная, релятивистская и зарядовая массы. Вектор электрической составляющей фотона на самом деле оказался вектором магнитной составляющей. Из модели также следует, что взаимодействие между частицами отвечает принципу квантовой нелокальности (информация о локализации частицы проходит со скоростью выше скорости света, следовательно, свойства частиц не определенны до взаимодействия), и, так называемая, «квантованная запутанность» есть следствие этого принципа. Abstract. The concept according to which all particles are in continuous communication with each other is supplemented in the article with the concept of the development of the structure of a bound state from simple to complex. It is shown how, within the framework of the model, the sequential complication of the structure of the bound state of hypothetical imaginary particles leads to the appearance of material particles with all possible forms of interaction and a complex space created by particles. In this case, it turned out to be possible to combine electric, magnetic and gravitational forces. Mass is not a form of potential energy, but one of two components of momentum. According to the method and place of formation, there are spin, shell, relativistic and charge masses. The vector of the electrical component of the photon actually turned out to be the vector of the magnetic component. It also follows from the model that the interaction between particles corresponds to the principle of quantum no locality (information about the localization of a particle passes at a speed higher than the speed of light, therefore, the properties of particles are not determined before the interaction), and the so-called "quantized entanglement" is a consequence of this principle.

scholarly journals New mechanism for the cosmological red-shift explaining: non-observation of dark energy, large-number- coincidence and the cosmic coincidence

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Hasmukh K. Tank
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Field ◽  
Potential Energy ◽  
Gravitational Potential ◽  
Red Shift ◽  
Relativity Theory ◽  
Gravitational Potential Energy ◽  
Potential Well ◽  
Speed Of Light ◽  
Equivalent Mass ◽  
The Universe

<p>Accepting Einstein’s General Relativity Theory, that the changes in the gravitational field can propagate at the speed of light, it is proposed here that: before an electron in an atom emits a photon, the energy (<em>h f<sub>0</sub></em>) of the photon was a part of total energy of the atom; contributing to establish the gravitational-field around the atom. As soon as an electron in that atom emits a photon of energy <em>h f<sub>0</sub></em>, and the photon starts moving away from the atom, the gravitational-field around the atom partly reduces, proportional to the photon’s energy <em>h f<sub>0</sub></em>, and this wave of ‘reduced gravitational field’ propagates radially-outwards at the speed of light. And a part of energy of the photon gets spent in “filling” the ‘gravitational potential-well’ produced by its energy, when it was a part of energy of the atom. From the derivation presented here we find that the energy spent by the photon to “fill” the ‘gravitational potential-well’, during its inter-galactic journey manifests as the ‘cosmological red-shift’. And the so called ‘total-mass-of-the-universe'’ and ‘radius-of-the-universe'’ are just mathematically-equivalent mass and distance arising while converting electrostatic potential-energy into gravitational potential-energy. This is the reason why we find the large-number-coincidence (LNC). And since there is no expansion of the universe, there is no ‘cosmic coincidence’, that why only in this epoch we find the ‘large-number-coincidence’!</p>

Cluster expansion of the wavefunction. Potential energy curves of the ground, excited, and ionized states of Li2

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (7) ◽  
pp. 1857-1863 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Nakatsuji ◽  
J. Ushio ◽  
T. Yonezawa
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Potential Energy ◽  
Cluster Expansion ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Spectroscopic Properties ◽  
Bound State ◽  
Potential Energy Curves ◽  
Interaction Theory ◽  
Theoretical Results ◽  
S States

The SAC (symmetry-adapted-cluster) and SAC-CI theories based on the cluster expansion of the wavefunction have been applied to the calculations of the potential energy curves of the ground, excited, and ionized states of the Li2 molecule. The potential energy curves and the spectroscopic properties calculated agree well with the available experimental data and the previous theoretical results of Olson and Konowalow. For the [Formula: see text] state, our calculation is the first and predicts a bound state whose minimum is at Re = 6.8 bohr and 2.5 eV above the ground state. This state dissociates into 2P and 2S states of the Li atoms and has a hump which is higher than and outside of the hump of the B1IIu state. The long-range behavior of the states which dissociate into 2P and 2S states of the Li atom is well predicted by the resonance interaction theory.

Non-equilibrium fluctuations in the ring of material points with gravity

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (01) ◽  
pp. 1650425 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Melkikh ◽  
A. V. Melkikh ◽  
V. I. Tokmantsev
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Potential Energy ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Mean Square Deviation ◽  
Equilibrium Fluctuations ◽  
Gravitational Forces ◽  
Thermodynamical Parameters ◽  
Mean Square Fluctuation ◽  
Material Points ◽  
Non Equilibrium

As a result of numerical modeling the dependence of relative mean-square fluctuation of evaporating particles for the ring of material points interacting via gravitational forces is obtained. It is shown that this dependence is [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] = 0.39–0.6 for different virial ratios. The dependence of a fraction of evaporated particles on the width of the ring and on the ratio between the average kinetic and potential energy of the particles is obtained. The dependence of mean square deviation of fraction of evaporated particles on time was investigated. It was concluded that the concept “entropy” (as well as other thermodynamical parameters) could not be correctly introduced in the systems with gravity.

RO-VIBRATIONAL PARTITION FUNCTION AND MEAN THERMAL ENERGY OF THE IMPROVED WEI OSCILLATOR

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 261-270
Author(s):  
Bako M. Bitrus ◽  
C. M. Nwabueze ◽  
J. U. Ojar ◽  
E. S. Eyube
Keyword(s):  
Partition Function ◽  
Potential Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Vibrational Energy ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Bound State ◽  
Solid State Physics ◽  
Absolute Deviation ◽  
Potential Energy Functions ◽  
Vibrational Partition Function

In this paper, the improved Wei oscillator has been used to model the experimental Rydberg-Klein-Rees data of the X2 Σg+ state of N2+ diatomic ions. Average absolute deviation from the dissociation energy of 0.3211% and mean absolute percentage deviation of 0.6107% were obtained. These results are quite satisfactory since they are within error requirement rate of less than 1% of the Lippincott’s criterion. Using an existing equation in the literature for bound state ro-vibrational energy, expressions for ro-vibrational partition function and mean thermal energy were derived for the improved Wei oscillator within the context of classical physics. The formulas obtained for ro-vibrational partition function and mean thermal energy were subsequently applied to the spectroscopic data of N2+ (X2 Σg+) diatomic ions. Studies have revealed that the partition function of the system decreases monotonically with decrease in temperature and increases with increase in upper bound vibrational quantum number. On the other hand, the mean thermal energies of the diatomic ions show an initial sharp decrease when the temperature is decreased and afterwards remains fairly stable as the temperature is further lowered. The results obtained in this work may find suitable applications in astrophysics were potential energy functions are required to model experimentally determined potential energy data with high precision. The work may also be useful in many other areas of physics which include: chemical physics, molecular physics, atomic physics and solid-state physics

scholarly journals Relativistic symmetries of Schioberg and general Manning-Rosen potentials and the effects of tensor coupling

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
A. N. Ikot ◽  
E. Maghsoodi ◽  
C. N. Isonguyo ◽  
S. Zarrinkamar ◽  
H. Hassanabadi
Keyword(s):  
Dirac Equation ◽  
Potential Energy ◽  
Closed Form ◽  
Bound State ◽  
Tensor Interaction ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Wave Functions ◽  
Tensor Coupling ◽  
Energy Equations ◽  
Rosen Potential

Abstract In this paper we solve the Dirac equation with Schioberg and general Manning- Rosen potentials including the Coulomb-like tensor interaction. The approximate analytical bound state solutions of the Dirac equation with the Schioberg and Manning-Rosen potential, energy equations and the corresponding unnormalized wave functions are obtained in a closed form using SUSYQM. We have also reported the numerical results to show the effect of the tensor interaction.

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