Genetic Algorithm based Emotional State Evaluation from Filtered EEG Data

Emotion plays an important role in the daily life of man and is an important feature of human interaction. Because of its role of adaptation, it motivates people to respond quickly to stimuli in their environment to improve communication, learning and decision making. With the increasing role of the brain-computer interface (BCI) in user-computer interaction, automatic recognition of emotions has become an area of interest in the last decade. The recognition of emotions could be facial expression, gesture, speech and text and could be recorded in different ways, such as electroencephalogram (EEG), positron emission tomography (PET), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), etc. In this research work, feature extraction feature reduction and classification of emotions have been evaluated on different methods to recognize and classify different emotional states such as fear, sad, frustrated, happy, pleasant and satisfied from inner emotion EEG signals.

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Radiology of the head and neck

10.1093/med/9780199682874.003.0218 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 973-976

Author(s):

Ivan Zammit-Maempel

Keyword(s):

Head And Neck ◽

Imaging Techniques ◽

Cone Beam Ct ◽

Neck Mass ◽

Positron Emission ◽

Pet Ct ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

Video Fluoroscopy

Various imaging techniques are used in the staging and follow-up of head and neck cancer and evaluating patients presenting with a neck mass. The workhorses in imaging the neck are ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with positron emission tomography CT (PET-CT) increasingly being requested. Plain radiographs, contrast studies, video fluoroscopy, angiography, and cone beam CT have limited but important roles. This chapter discusses the role of some of these modalities.

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Role of Imaging in Rectal Cancer

JMS SKIMS ◽

10.33883/jms.v15i1.102 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 4-6

Author(s):

Ajaz Ahmad Malik

Keyword(s):

Rectal Cancer ◽

Rectal Wall ◽

Preoperative Staging ◽

Positron Emission ◽

Adjacent Structures ◽

Tumor Involvement ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

Optimal Treatment Strategy

THIS ARTICLE HAS NO ABSTRACT (FIRST 100 WORDS OF THE ARTICLE ARE DISPLAYED): Staging of rectal cancer is necessary to provide the optimal treatment strategy although proctoscopy or sigmoidoscopy with biopsy are diagnostic. This is achieved by locoregional assessment of the disease by various available radiological investigations. Staging information includes extent of tumor involvement of the rectal wall and adjacent structures, presence or absence of adjacent lymphadenopathy, and determination of distant metastasis. Several modalities exist for the preoperative staging of rectal cancer, like computed tomography (CT); magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with traditional body, endorectal, or phasedarray coils; endorectal ultrasonography (ERUS) with rigid or flexible probes; and positron emission tomography (PET) with and without. JMS 2012;15(1):4-6.

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Automatic Prediction and Assessment of Treatment Response in Patients with Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Using a Whole-Body DW-MRI Based Approach

Diagnostics ◽

10.3390/diagnostics10090702 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 702

Author(s):

Valentina Brancato ◽

Marco Aiello ◽

Roberta Della Pepa ◽

Luca Basso ◽

Nunzia Garbino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Treatment Response ◽

Hodgkin’S Lymphoma ◽

Hodgkin's Lymphoma ◽

Response To Treatment ◽

Whole Body ◽

Positron Emission ◽

End Of Treatment ◽

Tumor Load ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

The lack of validation and standardization represents the main drawback for a clear role of whole-body diffusion weighted imaging (WB-DWI) for prediction and assessment of treatment response in Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL). We explored the reliability of an automatic approach based on the WB-DWI technique for prediction and assessment of response to treatment in patients with HL. The study included 20 HL patients, who had whole-body positron emission tomography (PET)/ magnetic resonance Imaging (MRI) performed before, during and after chemotherapy. Using the syngo.via MR Total Tumor Load tool, we automatically extracted values of diffusion volume (DV) and its associated histogram features by WB-DWI images, and evaluated their utility in predicting and assessing interim and end-of-treatment (EOT) response. The Mann–Whitney test followed by receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed between features and their inter-time point percentage differences for patients having a complete or partial treatment response, revealing that several WB-DWI associated features allowed for prediction of interim response and both prediction and assessment of EOT response. Our proposed method offers huge advantages in terms of saving time and work, enabling clinicians to draw conclusions relating to HL treatment response in a fully automatic way, and encloses, also, all DWI advantages compared to PET/ computed tomography (CT).

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Scatter Artifact with Ga-68-PSMA-11 PET: Severity Reduced With Furosemide Diuresis and Improved Scatter Correction

Molecular Imaging ◽

10.1177/1536012118811741 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

pp. 153601211881174 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Courtney Lawhn-Heath ◽

Robert R. Flavell ◽

David E. Korenchan ◽

Timothy Deller ◽

Spencer Lake ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Scatter Correction ◽

Emission Tomography ◽

Whole Body ◽

Correction Algorithm ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Positron Emission ◽

Psma Pet ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

Specific Membrane

Purpose: To assess the utility of furosemide diuresis and the role of an improved scatter correction algorithm in reducing scatter artifact severity on Ga-68- Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-11 positron emission tomography (PET). Materials and Methods: A total of 139 patients underwent Ga-68-PSMA-11 PET imaging for prostate cancer: 47 non-time-of-flight (non-TOF) PET/computed tomography, 51 PET/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using the standard TOF scatter correction algorithm, and 41 PET/MRI using an improved TOF scatter correction algorithm. Whole-body PET acquisitions were subdivided into 3 regions: around kidneys; between kidneys and bladder; and around bladder. The images were reviewed, and scatter artifact severity was rated using a Likert-type scale. Results: The worst scatter occurred when using non-TOF scatter correction without furosemide, where 42.1% of patients demonstrated severe scatter artifacts in 1 or more regions. Improved TOF scatter correction resulted in the smallest percentage of studies with severe scatter (6.5%). Scatter ratings by region were lowest using improved TOF scatter correction. Furosemide reduced mean scatter severity when using non-TOF and standard TOF. Conclusions: Both furosemide and scatter correction algorithm play a role in reducing scatter in PSMA PET. Improved TOF scatter correction resulted in the lowest scatter severity.

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Neuroimaging in Migraine—Recent Advances and Perspectives for the Future

US Neurology ◽

10.17925/usn.2010.06.01.82 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 06 (01) ◽

pp. 82

Author(s):

Brian K Day ◽

David W Dodick ◽

Todd J Schwedt ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

White Matter ◽

White Matter Lesions ◽

Medical Decision ◽

Positron Emission ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

The Individual ◽

Sites Of Action ◽

Functional Connectivity Mri ◽

Neuroimaging Techniques

Migraine is a very common disorder that imposes substantial individual and societal costs. A better understanding of migraine mechanisms may lead to the development of new therapies and thus improve the management of migraine patients. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques and positron emission tomography (PET) have revolutionized our understanding of migraine pathophysiology as a primary central nervous system (CNS) disorder, advanced the search for a central migraine generator, clarified the role of cortical spreading depression (CSD) and central sensitization in the pathogenesis of migraine, and revealed some potential sites of action of migraine medications. Structural imaging has shed light on relationships between migraine and stroke, white matter lesions, iron deposition, microstructural brain damage, and other gray and white matter aberrations. Emerging neuroimaging techniques, such as arterial spin labeling (ASL) and functional connectivity MRI (fcMRI), are beginning to provide further evidence of functional brain alterations in migraine patients. Ultimately, it is hoped that advanced neuroimaging will benefit the individual migraine patient by enhancing our diagnostic abilities, allowing for development of better treatments and serving as an important tool in medical decision-making.

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Positron Emission Tomography Imaging of Meningioma in Clinical Practice

Neurosurgery ◽

10.1227/neu.0b013e31823bcd87 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 70 (4) ◽

pp. 1033-1042 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Jan Frederick Cornelius ◽

Karl Josef Langen ◽

Gabriele Stoffels ◽

Daniel Hänggi ◽

Michael Sabel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Positron Emission Tomography ◽

Pet Imaging ◽

Positron Emission Tomography Imaging ◽

Emission Tomography ◽

Imaging Modalities ◽

Future Research ◽

Study Protocols ◽

Positron Emission ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Abstract Meningiomas represent about 20% of intracranial tumors and are the most frequent nonglial primary brain tumors. Diagnosis is based on computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Mainstays of therapy are surgery and radiotherapy. Adjuvant chemotherapy is tested in clinical trials of phase II. Patients are followed clinically by imaging. However, classical imaging modalities such as CT and MRI have limitations. Hence, we need supplementary imaging tools. Molecular imaging modalities, especially positron emission tomography (PET), represent promising new instruments that are able to characterize specific metabolic features. So far, these modalities have only been part of limited study protocols, and their impact on clinical routine management is still under investigation. It may be expected that their extended use will provide new aspects about meningioma imaging and biology. In the present article, we summarize PET imaging for meningiomas based on a thorough review of the literature. We discuss and illustrate the potential role of PET imaging in the clinical management of meningiomas. Finally, we indicate current limitations and outline directions for future research.

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COVID-19–Associated Bone Marrow Necrosis—A Case Report

Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1735919 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Soumyadeep Ghosh ◽

Santosh S. Gupta ◽

Nirad Mehta ◽

Shanaz Khodaiji

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Phase Imaging ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Bone Marrow Necrosis ◽

Radiological Features ◽

Positron Emission ◽

Vertebral Bone Marrow ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

Novel Coronavirus

AbstractWe report, herein, a rare case of vertebral bone marrow necrosis in a patient at 1-month post–novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia complicated with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). The commonly observed radiological features on the imaging modalities like computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and 18-F fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) have been discussed here followed by a brief discussion on the role of in-phase and opposed-phase imaging in differentiating the disease from malignant infiltrative pathologies. Histopathological findings on bone marrow smear that confirm the diagnosis have also been illustrated.

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The role of PET and MRI in evaluating the feasibility of skin-sparing mastectomy following neoadjuvant therapy

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/0300060517719837 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 46 (2) ◽

pp. 626-636

Author(s):

Fatma Umit Malya ◽

Huseyin Kadioglu ◽

Huseyin Kazim Bektasoglu ◽

Zuhal Gucin ◽

Seyma Yildiz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sensitivity And Specificity ◽

Locally Advanced Breast Cancer ◽

Locally Advanced ◽

Skin Involvement ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Positron Emission ◽

Before And After ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

Histopathological Results

Objective To investigate the role of positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in evaluating the feasibility of skin-sparing mastectomy in patients with locally-advanced breast cancer (LABC) who will undergo neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) by evaluating the sensitivity and specificity of PET and MRI compared with skin biopsy results before and after NAC treatment. Methods Patients with LABC who were treated with NAC between November 2013 and November 2015 were included in this study. Demographic, clinical, radiological and histopathological features of the patients were recorded. Results A total of 30 patients were included in the study with a mean age of 52.6 years (range, 35–70 years). Sensitivity and specificity for detecting skin involvement in LABC was 100%/10% (62%/85%) with MRI and 60%/80% (12%/92%) with PET before (after) NAC, respectively. When radiological skin involvement was assessed in relation to the final histopathological results, the preNAC PET results and histopathological skin involvement were not significantly different; and there was no difference between postNAC MRI and histopathological skin involvement. Conclusions As preNAC PET and postNAC MRI more accurately determined skin involvement, it might be possible to use these two radiological evaluation methods together to assess patient suitability for skin-sparing mastectomy in selected patients.

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Imaging the Cardiovascular System: Seeing Is Believing

Microscopy and Microanalysis ◽

10.1017/s1431927605050439 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 189-199 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Thomas K. Borg ◽

James A. Stewart ◽

Michael A. Sutton

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular System ◽

Imaging System ◽

Biological Tissues ◽

Imaging Modalities ◽

Cardiovascular Development ◽

Positron Emission ◽

Cardiovascular Biology ◽

Electron Microscopes ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

From the basic light microscope through high-end imaging systems such as multiphoton confocal microscopy and electron microscopes, microscopy has been and will continue to be an essential tool in developing an understanding of cardiovascular development, function, and disease. In this review we briefly touch on a number of studies that illustrate the importance of these forms of microscopy in studying cardiovascular biology. We also briefly review a number of imaging modalities such as computed tomography, (CT) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound, and positron emission tomography (PET) that, although they do not fall under the realm of microscopy, are imaging modalities that greatly complement microscopy. Finally we examine the role of proper imaging system calibration and the potential importance of calibration in understanding biological tissues, such as the cardiovascular system, that continually undergo deformation in response to strain.

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