scholarly journals Atmospheric rooms as experience in the space-time in an evolutionary museum- Alexander Dorner's exhibition design

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-49
Author(s):  
Marcelo Rafael de Carvalho ◽  
Mirtes Marins de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Rhode Island ◽  
Cultural Production ◽  
Exhibition Design ◽  
The United States ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Art Gallery ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
History Of ◽  
Museum School ◽  
Changes Over Time

In order to contribute to the studies of exhibition design, its practice and related fields, the aim of the article is to present and organize in ahistorical perspective some of the contributions and proposals made by Alexander Dorner (1893-1957), art historian, supporter of modern art. Dorner is recognized for his proposals carried out in the design of the exhibition of the rooms of the Landesmuseum in Hannover, Germany, after assuming its direction in the early 1920s. Later, he improved his conceptions when director of the Rhode Island Museum School of Design, in Providence, after immigrating to the United States in 1937. Dorner conceptions were of a living and dynamic museum, not a dead monument in an established way, limited only to a set of exhibition rooms for historical artifacts and artistic treasures closed in shop windows, a kind of deposit of objects. His exhibitions proposals consisted inenvironments for the works, spaces that he called “atmospheric rooms”. In these environments, the aim was to evoke the spirit of each period, in which the user, immersed, would have an opportunity to approach a visual and sensitive logic of the culture in which the works had been created. The idea was not to create a simple imitation of the period, but to allow sensations suggested by colors and shapes, gardens, images of historical exteriors placed over windows, using of devices such as speakers and headphones (for music and poetry of the time), molding a “body imaginary” through experience. In its conception, the museum should demonstrate the history of art and its aesthetic changes over time, as the artistic production of a previous time would allow the exercise of projecting the imagination in the past and updating it with the perspective of the present. This would allow the learning of history, giving more meaning to the present time and boosting and shaping the culture of the future, once the evolutionary connectivity of artistic and cultural production is understood.In order to exhibit the artist production of his time, in partnership with the Russian artist El Lissitzky (1890-1941), he built during 1927 and 1928 what would become known as the first permanent abstract art gallery in a museum, the Abstract Cabinet (Abstraktes Kabinett). With an areasmaller than twenty square meters, it had metal slats on its walls and, as visitors moved, offered a kind of optical illusion. Also sliding panels forcedthe public to manipulate and choose to reveal or hide certain paintings. Historical, theoretical research on exhibition design is the starting point for establishing a historical descriptive method to generate conceptual and morphological analysis parameters to characterizes an exhibition.

scholarly journals Ubuntu feminism: Tentative reflections

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Drucilla Cornell ◽  
Karin Van Marle
Keyword(s):  
Ethic Of Care ◽  
The United States ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Spatial Justice ◽  
Western Idea ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Social Belonging ◽  
History Of ◽  
Critical Intervention

The starting-point for the article is to provide a brief background on the Ubuntu Project that Prof. Drucilla Cornell convened in 2003; most notably the interviews conducted in Khayamandi, the support of a sewing collective, and the continued search to launch an Ubuntu Women�s Centre. The article will reflect on some of the philosophical underpinnings of ubuntu, whereafter debates in Western feminism will be revisited. Ubuntu feminism is suggested as a possible response to these types of feminisms. The authors support an understanding of ubuntu as critique and ubuntu feminism accordingly as a critical intervention that recalls a politics of refusal. The article ends by raising the importance of thinking about spatiality through ubuntu, and vice versa. It may seem strange to title an article Ubuntu feminism when feminism itself has often been identified as a European or Western idea. But, this article will argue that ubuntu offers conceptions of transindividuality and ways of social belonging that could respond in a meaningful way to some of European feminism�s own dilemmas and contradictions. Famously, one of the most intense debates in feminism was between those who defended an ethic of care in a relational view of the self, on one side, and those feminists who held on to more traditional conceptions of justice, placing an emphasis on individuality and autonomy, on the other side. The authors will suggest that ubuntu could address this tension in feminism. Thus, in this article the focus will not simply be on ubuntu, in order to recognise that there are other intellectual heritages worthy of consideration, other than those in Europe and the United States. It will also take a next step in arguing that ubuntu may be a better standpoint entirely from which to continue thinking about what it means to be a human being, as well as how to conceive of the integral interconnection human beings all have with one another. This connection through ubuntu is always sought ethically, and for the authors it underscores what we have both endorsed as ethical feminism. In this essay it is considered how ubuntu feminism could refuse the demands of patriarchy, as well as the confines of liberal feminism. The authors are interested in thinking about ubuntu in general as critique, as a critical response to the pervasiveness of a liberal legal order. Their aim is also to explore tentatively ubuntu and spatiality � how could one understand ubuntu in spatial terms, and more pertinently, how could ubuntu and ubuntu feminism relate to spatial justice? Before turning to the theoretical discussion, some of the on-the-ground history of the Ubuntu Project will be reviewed, including the Project�s attempt to build an Ubuntu Women�s Centre in Khayamandi in the Western Cape, South Africa.

The Oxford Handbook of Queer Cinema

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Production ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gender And Sexuality ◽  
Television Programs ◽  
Cultural Productions ◽  
Queer Cinema ◽  
Sexuality And Gender ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cross Dressing ◽  
And Gender

Queer media is not one thing but an ensemble of at least four moving variables: history, gender and sexuality, geography, and medium. Although many scholars would pinpoint the early 1990s as marking the emergence of a cinematic movement in the United States (dubbed by B. Ruby Rich the “new queer cinema”), films and television programs that clearly spoke to LGBTQ themes and viewers existed at many different historical moments and in many different forms: cross-dressing, same-sex attraction, comedic drag performance; at some points, for example, in 1950s television, these were not undercurrents but very prominent aspects of mainstream cultural production. Addressing “history” not as dots on a progressive spectrum but as an uneven story of struggle, the writers in this volume stress that queer cinema did not appear miraculously at one moment but arrived on currents throughout the century-long history of the medium. Likewise, while queer is an Anglophone term that has been widely circulated, it by no means names a unified or complete spectrum of sexuality and gender identity, just as the LGBTQ+ alphabet soup struggles to contain the distinctive histories, politics, and cultural productions of trans artists and genderqueer practices. Across the globe, media-makers have interrogated identity and desire through the medium of cinema through rubrics that sometimes vigorously oppose the Western embrace of the pejorative term queer, foregrounding instead indigenous genders and sexualities or those forged in the Global South or those seeking alternative epistemologies. Finally, though “cinema” is in our title, many scholars in this collection see this term as an encompassing one, referencing cinema and media in a convergent digital environment. The lively and dynamic conversations introduced here aspire to sustain further reflection as “queer cinema” shifts into new configurations.

Rights, Dignity, and Public Accommodations

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 599-619
Author(s):  
Christopher W. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
The United States ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
Moral Issue ◽  
Civil Rights Era ◽  
National Debate ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Public Rights ◽  
History Of

In this essay I consider why debates over applying anti-discrimination norms to public accommodations have long been, and remain today, such a resilient presence in the history of the United States. I use as my starting point the most famous iteration of this phenomenon, the national debate sparked by the 1960 sit-in movement and culminating in the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which banned racial discrimination in public accommodations across the nation. The battle over racial discrimination and public accommodations in the early 1960s illuminates the moral issue at the heart of the issue, the lines of argument that characterize the debate over how to define legal rights in this area, and the ways in which different legal institutions have resolved, or failed to resolve, the issue. I then move backward time, highlighting the continuities between this episode and the struggle over race and public accommodations during Reconstruction. The history of the civil rights era provides a useful framework to analyze the terms of debate from a century earlier, and it provides particular insights into the significance of the concept of public rights that Rebecca Scott has so effectively brought to our attention.

IV. Big-Business Pressure Groups and Bismarck's Turn to Protectionism, 1873–79

1967 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmut Böhme
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
The United States ◽  
German Empire ◽  
Pressure Groups ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Social ◽  
Short Period ◽  
History Of

Although the first decade of the German Empire has long been a central topic of historical research, the question with which this essay is concerned—Bismarck's relationship to the pressure groups at this time—cannot be answered satisfactorily on the basis of the material known hitherto. This is due to the fact that until very recently historians have concentrated on the diplomatic-political occurrences. Bismarck's eastern policy, the Livadia affair, the ‘war-in-sight crisis’, the Berlin Congress, and the change from the Three Emperors' Alliance to the ‘Eternal’ Treaty with the Danube monarchy—these are the events always used to demonstrate Bismarck's ‘genius’ in the field of foreign policy. On the problem of the ‘Kulturkampf’ much less effort has been expended. Here Bismarck's outstanding political skill was not as apparent as it was in his judgement of international relations. Moreover, this question was bound up from the very beginning with a strong ideological bias which only slightly weakened after World War II for the first time. Even less attention has been paid to the problems of domestic and social policy and economic developments have been almost totally neglected. It is true that these items have recently obtained new historical relevance from the new socio-political point of view, but up to the present day they have not been clarified. The chief general contributions of this kind have been published by non-German historians (e.g. Rosenberg, Lambi, and Pflanze) in the United States or in Canada. These studies, however, give inadequate answers to specific questions, as do the detailed essays of Karl-Erich Born and Wolfgang Zorn with their systematizing way of reflexion. They do not deal with our formulation of the question: the relationship between economic development and political events in a comparatively short period. Nevertheless, the essays of Born and Zorn will serve as a starting-point for our own investigation. Born in particular realizes the urgent need for more detailed research in the social and economic sphere, and pleads for a ‘supplementary’ approach (Ergänzungsgeschichte). He states thatthe history of the aristocracy during the industrial age has to be completed by studies dealing with the history of the trade unions; by dissertations on the history of industrial branches, commercial centres, and companies; and last but not least by works on the disintegration of the old bourgeoisie. Then we shall be able to extend the political history of the German Empire, which is largely clarified, to a comprehensive view of a German historical epoch by adding the social and economic history of the late nineteeth century.

scholarly journals How Smokers Became Outlaws: An Application Of The Stakeholder Salience Model To A Social Problem

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 577
Author(s):  
Susan K. Key ◽  
Rosalia N. Scripa ◽  
Robert Juneau
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Movements ◽  
Social Problem ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
Stakeholder Salience ◽  
Stakeholder Groups ◽  
History Of ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

Smoking bans have gone from being essentially non-existent to being the norm over the course of the last 50 years. When some of these authors started teaching, it was the norm to smoke in the classroom, in hospitals, on airplanes, in prison and in the office. Times have changedsmoking is no longer allowed in these locations in the United States. In this paper, an overview of the history of smoking advocacy, the impacts of smoke-free legislation on different stakeholders, and changes in public perceptions of smoking are provided. Mitchell and Agles 1997 Stakeholder Salience Model are used to illustrate the changes over time in stakeholder status for both smokers and nonsmokers. The Mitchell Model could have been useful to predict the change in status that the two stakeholder groups experienced and the authors suggest that management should note the emergence of urgent stakeholders in the future, as they may gain salience in other matters that can impact company wealth. Firms have to be aware of both their customers needs (smokers) as well as other social movements that may affect the use of their product, such as nonsmoking legislation. This is the first paper to apply stakeholder salience, including the concepts of urgency, power, and legitimacy, to the changing fortunes of smokers. It looks at how smoking and smokers have gone from the norm in U.S. society to outlaw status.

scholarly journals Growing Pains and Other Things: The Supreme Court of Canada and the Supreme Court of the United States

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 753-796
Author(s):  
Edward G. Hudon
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Supreme Court ◽  
The United States ◽  
Supreme Court Of Canada ◽  
Supreme Courts ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Growing Pains ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
History Of

This article is in part a book review and in part a study of two institutions. In it, the author compares the origin and growth of the Supreme Court of Canada and of the Supreme Court of the United States. He uses Professors James G. Snell and Frederick Vaughan's The Supreme Court of Canada: History of the Institution as a starting point, and he compares various aspects of the two Supreme Courts. He points out similarities in the problems that the two have confronted since the beginning, and he indicates the manner in which these problems have been resolved by each.

Punk and the White Atlantic

Damaged ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 139-170
Author(s):  
Evan Rapport
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
The United States ◽  
American Music ◽  
Rock And Roll ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Sex Pistols ◽  
History Of ◽  
Musical Resources

Punk emerged as a fully formed and recognizable style in the mid-1970s in the United Kingdom, primarily in London, and in the United States, primarily in New York and Los Angeles. British punk musicians such as the Damned, the Clash, and the Sex Pistols during this period put together elements from American punk and its precedents, including elements that were previously heard in distinction from each other, such as the riff-based blues of the Stooges and back-to-basics rock and roll songs of the Ramones. Although this period is marked by a preoccupation with whether punk was “invented” in the US or UK, in fact, punk is a product of exchanges between musicians across the Atlantic, with much of the music continuing a long history of white people using a vocabulary of Black musical resources, including blues and reggae, to explore identity, class distinctions, and the nature of whiteness itself. These exchanges in punk are comparable to the so-called “British Invasion” of the prior decade. The discourse of making the mid-1970s UK a starting point for punk also appears to be an idea that American musicians were primarily invested in, and an idea that further dissociated punk from its basis in Black American music.

Edward W. Blyden, W. E. B. Du Bois, and the ‘Color Complex’

1992 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 669-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. C. Echeruo
Keyword(s):  
Black People ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Body ◽  
African Experience ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Color Complex ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Mind

This article is an attempt to present (and thereby to come to terms with) an important aspect of the meaning of race as it relates to the experience of black people, especially in America. It commences with Edward W. Blyden because his ‘color complex’ is of a kind that brings us back, not without much embarrassment, to the realisation that while colour may be a state of the mind, it is also and even primarily a matter of the body. Blyden is particularly appropriate as a starting point, for he is an epitome, in many ways, of the African experience in the later nineteenth century, linking (as he does) the multiple experiences of the Caribbean, the United States, and mainland Africa. He wrote at a time when the intellectual and other currents in ‘Negro’ America flowed easily to the new centres of influence in Liberia and colonial West Africa. He was thus the product of the history of Africanity in his period, and for a long time after.

For Members Only

PMLA ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. i-ii
Keyword(s):  
Rhode Island ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
The United States ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
German Language ◽  
Medieval Studies ◽  
Individual Point ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University ◽  
Germanic Languages

VIGNETTE LXXIV. William Thomas Hobdell Jackson, Executive Council member, 1960-63, is a native of Sheffield, England. His B.A. degree (1935) is from Sheffield University with First Class honors in the classics. His M.A. (1938) is from the same university. He was a Captain, Royal Artillery, General Staff, in the British Army 1940-46, and emigrated to the United States in 1948. He taught German at the Univ. of Washington, 1948-50, where he took his Ph.D. in Germanics in 1951. He taught for two years at Coe College, then came to Columbia in 1952, where he has been Chairman of the Department of Germanic Languages since 1961. There he has also been chairman of the University Seminar in Medieval Studies, 1955-62, editor of the Germanic Review since 1954, and editor of the Columbia Records of Civilization since 1962. We first met him dining a Conference of Editors of Learned Journals in 1956 and were impressed with his ability to share his editorial experience with his compeers, yet maintain his individual point of view. He has been a Guggenheim Fellow (1958–59), a recipient of of an ACLS grant (1958), and has been tapped as visiting professor at Chicago, Princeton, and Rutgers. His teaching fields are Comparative Literature of the Middle Ages (for the Columbia English Department), Medieval Latin, Paleography, and the History of the German Language. He drives an English car (surprise, surprise) and is fond of horseback-riding, sailing, and boxing. He relaxes over fine wines (of which he is a connoisseur) and fine cheeses. His summer habitat is his place at Quonochontaug, Rhode Island, perched upon a sandbar between a salt pond and the ocean.

The Structure of Theological Revolutions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark S. Massa
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
History Of Science ◽  
Natural Law ◽  
The United States ◽  
Moral Theology ◽  
Catholic Theology ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
History Of

Using Thomas Kuhn’s understanding of “paradigms” within the history of science, this book examines how different models of natural law were presented by Catholic theologians in order to offer more compelling and coherent understandings of what the natural law is, and how Catholic theology uses it. The author explores whether the application of Kuhn’s ideas to the heated Catholic debates over natural law might offer a more dispassionate way of understanding the development of a theological micro-tradition. The book argues that the micro-traditions of theology (most specifically the micro-tradition of natural law) do not build seamlessly on each other. The year 1968 is offered as the starting point for the narrative that follows because that was when, in the United States, the unquestioned dominance of the specific type of natural law discourse (neo-scholasticism) that had defined Catholic moral theology for generations came to a dramatic end with unnerving specificity.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document