scholarly journals MALI: ECOWAS RESPONSES TO THE CONFLICT IN MALI (2012-2021)

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-53
Author(s):  
Enoch Ndem OKON ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
West African ◽  
Military Coup ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
Peace Agreement ◽  
Review Mechanism ◽  
Violent Conflicts

"This paper highlights the Economic Community of West African States [ECOWAS] mode of response to the Malian conflict between 2012 and 2021 and identifies various gaps therein. It seeks to explain why ECOWAS has found it difficult to resolve the Malian conflict in spite of its commitment and experience in conflict resolution in the subregion. Secondary data are used for the study and presented qualitatively. The study reveals that the towering interest of Algeria and other neighbors in the chaotic northern Mali, as well as French interest in its former colony hindered ECOWAS initiative and its effectiveness in resolving the conflict. The paper recommends ECOWAS’ involvement in negotiations at the next peace agreement, and the drawing up of a roadmap for implementing such agreement. Besides, ECOWAS needs to address governance deficits in Mali and elsewhere in the subregion through peer review mechanism and increase its capacity to respond to violent conflicts beyond microstates and Anglophone enclaves in the region. Keywords: ECOWAS, Malian conflict, military coup, Tuareg, Jihad."

The Role of Economic Community for West African States (ECOWAS) in Post-Conflict Rehabilitation: Lessons from Liberia

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Kwaja
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
West African ◽  
Violent Conflict ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
Center Stage ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Lessons Learnt ◽  
Violent Conflicts

In the aftermath of the violent conflict in Liberia, the issue of post- conflict rehabilitation took center stage, with the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) deeply involved in an elaborate post-conflict rehabilitation program in the country. Through the use of content analysis, this paper explores the involvement of ECOWAS in post-conflict rehabilitation in Liberia in the context of the devastating consequences of violent conflicts that the country experienced. In specific terms, it highlights key lessons learnt from the ECOWAS intervention in Liberia, as part of its mandate for peace, security and stability in the region.

scholarly journals Reviewer Acknowledgements

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Angelia Evelyn
Keyword(s):  
Peer Review ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
West African ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
American University

Applied Finance and Accounting [AFA] would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether AFA publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 4, Number 1 Anastasia Kopaneli, University of Patras, GreeceVineet Chouhan, Sir Padampat Singhania University, IndiaYu Peng Lin, University of Detroit Mercy, USAMarco Muscettola, Independent researcher, ItalyWilson E. Herbert, Federal University, Otuoke, Bayelsa State, NigeriaMohamed Jalloh, Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), NigeriaHaitham Nobanee, , UAENikolay Patonov, European Polytechnical University, BulgariaPeibiao Zhao, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, ChinaMojeed Idowu John Odumeso-Jimoh, Noble Integrated Resources & Management, NigeriaFeng Jui Hsu, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, TaiwanFlorin Peci, University of Peja, KosovoGheorghe Morosan, Stefan Cel Mare University Suceava Romania, RomaniaLuca Sensini, University of Salerno, ItalyMeri Boshkoska, Faculty of Economics - Prilep, Republic of MacedoniaNicoleta Radneantu, Romanian – American University, RomanianMazurina Mohd Ali, Universiti Teknologi Mara, MalaysiaAndrey Kudryavtsev, The Max Stern Yezreel Valley Academic College, IsraelIoan Bogdan Robu, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, RomaniaSawsan Saadi Halbouni, Canadian University Dubai, UAEIzidin El Kalak, Kent University, UKFabio Rizzato, University of Turin, ItalyAmira Houaneb, University Ibn Khaldoun, TunisiaLingesiya Kengatharan, University of Jaffna, Sri LankaMohammad Sami Ali Al-Dahrawi, Zarqa University, Jordan Angelia EvelynEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of Applied Finance and AccountingRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAE-mail: [email protected]: http://afa.redfame.com

scholarly journals Reviewer Acknowledgements

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Angelia Evelyn
Keyword(s):  
Central Bank ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
West African ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
American University ◽  
National University ◽  
Romanian Academy

Applied Finance and Accounting [AFA] would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether AFA publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 5, Number 2Adina Criste, “Victor Slavescu” Centre for Financial and Monetary Research, Romanian Academy, RomaniaAndrey Kudryavtsev, The Max Stern Yezreel Valley Academic College, IsraelAnna Viktorovna Kravchuk, Academy of the State Penitentiary Service, UkraineFabio Rizzato, University of Turin, ItalyFeng Jui Hsu, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, TaiwanFlorin Peci, University of Peja, KosovoGheorghe Morosan, Stefan Cel Mare University Suceava Romania, RomaniaHajar Jahangard, Central Bank of Iran (CBI), IranIoan Bogdan Robu, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, RomaniaJayendra S. Gokhale, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, USALingesiya Kengatharan, University of Jaffna, Sri LankaLuca Sensini, University of Salerno, ItalyLuo Yongli, Houston Baptist University, United StatesMarco Muscettola, Independent researcher, ItalyMawih Kareem Alani, Dhofar University, OmanMohamed Jalloh, Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), NigeriaNicoleta Radneantu, Romanian – American University, RomanianNikolay Patonov, European Polytechnical University, BulgariaNoriaki Okamoto, Rikkyo University, JapanPeibiao Zhao, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, ChinaShahram Fattahi, Razi University,, IranVineet Chouhan, Sir Padampat Singhania University, IndiaVolodymyr Vysochansky, Uzhhorod National University, UkraineYu Peng Lin, University of Detroit Mercy, USAZi-Yi Guo, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., USA

scholarly journals UNPACKING NIGERIA’S PEACE EFFORTS DURING THE SECOND CYCLE OF THE LIBERIAN CONFLICT

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
Segun Oshewolo
Keyword(s):  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
West African ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Peace Operations ◽  
Peace Agreement ◽  
The West ◽  
Interview Technique ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Secondary Data Sources

Although peace operations have been a major instrument of Nigeria’s foreign policy continentally and globally, this study analyzed the country’s peace campaigns in Liberia under president Olusegun Obasanjo. The paper observed inter alia that Obasanjo’s peace efforts in Liberia were influenced by his recognition of Nigeria as a leading actor in the stabilization efforts in the region. While there were some encumbrances, Nigeria’s peace campaigns in Liberia were successful as revealed by the data sources. Nigeria’s major accomplishments included the eventual signing of a comprehensive peace agreement in 2003 that brought an end to the carnage in the country, offer of asylum to Taylor, and the 2005 post-conflict elections. These accomplishments could be attributed to President Obasanjo’s gravitas and Nigeria’s well-oiled diplomatic machinery in the West African sub-region. To arrive at this conclusion, the paper adopted the secondary data sources and interview technique for the purpose of data collection, and descriptive thematic analysis.

scholarly journals The Questioned Legality of Foreign Military Intervention in Members’ state in the Economic Community of West African States!

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-13
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Saffa Abdulai
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Military Intervention ◽  
West African ◽  
Security Protocol ◽  
Military Coup ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
Self Defense ◽  
Humanitarian Interventions ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Jus Cogens

A military coup in the Republic of Mali, a West African nation, leading to the resignation, arrest and detention of the democratically elected sitting president in August, 2020. The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) sent an envoy demanding for restoration of constitutionally order and democracy. It was in the same direction that, on the 19th January 2017, ECOWAS, launched operation ‘Restore Democracy in Gambia’ and mobilized a standby force - from six nations - to militarily intervene in a member state, if diplomacy failed to persuade former President Yayah Jammeh to step down and accept presidential elections result. This is not the first time that ECOWAS has intervened in a member country to restore democracy and provide humanitarian protection for civilians. In 1999, led by Nigeria, ECOWAS restored the democratically elected government of ex-President Tejan Kabbah of Sierra Leone, who had been illegally toppled by his military. This article looks at whether there is any legal basis in international law for such military intervention. Is ECOWAS acting in accordance with the African Union (AU) Treaty and its Peace and Security Protocol to restore peace and avoid grave consequences? If not, is then ECOWAS undertaking pre-emptive self-defense to avoid a spill of conflict in the region? Or yet, is ECOWAS tired of waiting for the United Nations’ (UN) permission and intervention, taking its own business seriously by enforcing democratic change of government? This article points out the very convoluted maize of international law on military intervention, rights to self-defense, humanitarian interventions and the principles of sovereignty in the wake of enforcement of the rules of jus cogens.

Conflict Prevention and Conflict Resolution in the African Context: Peacekeeping in Liberia

1993 ◽  
Vol 21 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 70-73
Author(s):  
Tafsir Malick N’Diaye
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
United Nations ◽  
West African ◽  
Regional Security ◽  
Conflict Prevention ◽  
Collective Security ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
The West ◽  
African Context ◽  
Monitoring Group

The West African force known as the ECOWAS Monitoring Group (ECOMOG) was sent to Liberia by ECOWAS (Economic Community of West African States). A closer look at the Force shows that it is an adaptation of the peacekeeping system used by the United Nations. What started as a system of collective security based on the regional security mechanism of ECOWAS turned into a standard peacekeeping operation as a result of “the Yamoussoukro process.”

scholarly journals Reviewer Acknowledgements

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Angelia Evelyn
Keyword(s):  
Central Bank ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Business School ◽  
West African ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
American University

Reviewer AcknowledgementsApplied Finance and Accounting [AFA] would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether AFA publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 5, Number 1 Anastasia Kopaneli, University of Patras, GreeceNoriaki Okamoto, Rikkyo University, JapanVineet Chouhan, Sir Padampat Singhania University, IndiaYu Peng Lin, University of Detroit Mercy, USAMarco Muscettola, Independent researcher, ItalyZi-Yi Guo, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., USALektore Oltiana Muharremi, University of Vlora, AlbaniaJayendra S. Gokhale, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, USAMohamed Jalloh, Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), NigeriaRui Fernandes, Porto Accounting and Business School, PortugalNikolay Patonov, European Polytechnical University, BulgariaMojeed Idowu John Odumeso-Jimoh, Noble Integrated Resources & Management, NigeriaFlorin Peci, University of Peja, KosovoGheorghe Morosan, Stefan Cel Mare University Suceava Romania, RomaniaNicoleta Radneantu, Romanian – American University, RomanianAugustine Akhidime, Benson Idahosa University, NigeriaHajar Jahangard , Central Bank of Iran(CBI), IranHassan Rkein , Al Maaref University , LebanonAndrey Kudryavtsev, The Max Stern Yezreel Valley Academic College, IsraelIoan Bogdan Robu, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, RomaniaLingesiya Kengatharan, University of Jaffna, Sri LankaMohammad Sami Ali Al-Dahrawi, Zarqa University, Jordan  Angelia EvelynEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of Applied Finance and AccountingRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAE-mail: [email protected]: http://afa.redfame.com

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