Mircea Eliade et l’herméneutique psycho-historique

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-143
Author(s):  
Corin Braga
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Culture ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Mircea Eliade ◽  
History Of Religions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Individual Consciousness ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Aby Warburg ◽  
Collective Psyche ◽  
European Civilization

"Mircea Eliade and Psycho-Historical Methodology. Starting from Thomas Kuhn’s seminal work on scientific paradigms, the venerable concept of Weltanschauung (world-vision) can be upgraded in order to reach a psycho-historical understanding of cultural evolutions. In this paper I intend to adapt to contemporary cultural hermeneutics a schema proposed by Nietzsche and developed by Freudian and Jungian psychoanalysis. In this model, the relations between the individual consciousness and the unconscious offer the blueprint for describing the dynamics of the collective psyche. The model states that, when a culture (religion, etc.) has been overruled by a new dominant culture (religion), it remains active by way of survivals and reminiscences (Aby Warburg, Walter Benjamin) and eventually, after a period of persecution and censorship, it will re-emerge in a new form, transformed by the general principles of the dominant culture but nevertheless contesting and challenging it. I will attempt to show that such a psychohistorical dialectic has occurred six successive times in the history of European civilization. Keywords: psycho-history, Mircea Eliade, remerging cultures, European civilization, history of religions "

Schopenhauer and the Unconscious

2020 ◽  
pp. 496-516
Author(s):  
Stephan Atzert
Keyword(s):  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Arthur Schopenhauer ◽  
Death Drive ◽  
Central Idea ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Pleasure Principle ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Sabina Spielrein

This chapter explores the gradual emergence of the notion of the unconscious as it pertains to the tradition that runs from Arthur Schopenhauer via Eduard von Hartmann and Philipp Mainländer to Sabina Spielrein, C. G. Jung, and Sigmund Freud. A particular focus is put on the popularization of the term “unconscious” by von Hartmann and on the history of the death drive, which has Schopenhauer’s essay “Transcendent Speculation on the Apparent Deliberateness in the Fate of the Individual” as one of its precursors. In this essay, Schopenhauer develops speculatively the notion of a universal, intelligent, supraindividual unconscious—an unconscious with a purpose related to death. But the death drive also owes its origins to Schopenhauer’s “relative nothingness,” which Mainländer adopts into his philosophy as “absolute nothingness” resulting from the “will to death.” His philosophy emphasizes death as the goal of the world and its inhabitants. This central idea had a distinctive influence on the formation of the idea of the death drive, which features in Freud’s Beyond the Pleasure Principle.

Indian concepts of human personality in relation to the doctrine of the soul

1988 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karel Werner
Keyword(s):  
Academic Research ◽  
Religious Movements ◽  
Human Personality ◽  
History Of Religions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Religious Systems ◽  
The Individual

Among the popular misconceptions which still linger in the minds of many people who are interested in the study of different religious systems, who are personally involved in one of the growing Hindu- or Buddhist-based modern religious movements, or who even do academic research in the field of the history of religions, is the rather simplistic view that Hinduism teaches the existence of a transmigrating individual soul, but that Buddhism denies it. At the same time it is well known that Buddhism, like Hinduism, teaches the rebirth of the individual in successive lives, in combination with the doctrine of moral retribution for his deeds in this or the next life or in subsequent lives according to the laws of karma, whose operation can be summed up rather well by the use of the biblical saying: “as you have sown so you will reap”.

Opt traduceri mai puțin cunoscute ale lui Mircea Eliade din Aldo Mieli, Raffaele Pettazzoni și Sylvain Lévi

Transilvania ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 22-34
Author(s):  
Andreea Apostu
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Cultural Transfer ◽  
Mircea Eliade ◽  
History Of Religions ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Way

This paper aims to analyze the way in which Mircea Eliade became, in 1926, a vector of the cultural and scientific transfer between Western Europe and Romania, through his translations of eight fragments from Aldo Mieli, Raffaele Pettazzoni and Sylvain Lévi’s major works. Two out of these eight translations seem to have been ignored to this day by researchers, whilst the others have only been mentioned in passing. The choices made by Eliade, the context in which these translations were published (the journal Orizontul/The Horizon and its public, the precarious state of the history of religions at that time in Romania etc.) and their echoes in Eliade’s works prove that they can be seen as an example of cultural transfer. They also play an important part in the foundation of the history of religions as a discipline in Romania, being, in a way, the textual equivalents of Eliade’s institutional aspiration to found an association and a library for the study of religions, as expressed in his letters to Raffaele Pettazzoni.

Uses of the androgyne in the history of religions

1998 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-453
Author(s):  
Steven M. Wasserstrom
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Common Ancestor ◽  
Walter Benjamin ◽  
Mircea Eliade ◽  
History Of Religions ◽  
History Of

The image of the androgyne was used by historians of religions Mircea Eliade, Henry Corbin and Gershom Scholem to refer symbolically to a totality beyond gender differences. The androgyne was identified as perfect man by Eliade, as angel by Corbin, as demon by Scholem (in his interpretation of Walter Benjamin) and as the godhead by their common ancestor Goethe. This article reflects on these uses of the androgyne as they underwrote normative assumptions about the history of religions. Attention is also paid to the uses of the androgyne in related fields, especially fiction and philosophy, in order to understand these expresssions of the androgyne in relation to the history of religions under discussion here.

scholarly journals Religious Studies Conferences May

2000 ◽  
pp. 98-101
Author(s):  
Olga V. Nedavnya
Keyword(s):  
Round Table ◽  
Religious Studies ◽  
Scientific Conference ◽  
International Conference ◽  
History Of Religions ◽  
History Of ◽  
International Round ◽  
International Round Table ◽  
Scientific Meetings ◽  
European Civilization

May of this jubilee year was marked, perhaps, by a record number of scientific meetings, in particular, in cities already traditional religious studies activity. International conference "Christianity is the basis of European civilization" (May 10-13, Lviv), scientific conference "Christianity and person" (May 18, Ternopil) and the X International round table "History of Religions in Ukraine "(May 16-19, Lviv).

Consciousness in the Feminist Novel

1981 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol Pearson ◽  
Katherine Pope
Keyword(s):  
Social Structures ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Sensory Data ◽  
The Social ◽  
Individual Consciousness ◽  
The Individual

The feminist novel specifically celebrates the triumph of the individual consciousness in all of its sensory, emotional, cognitive, and imaginative activities-as an authentic source of reality and of wisdom. In the process of the feminist narrative, the protagonist typically emerges into consciousness, asserting the validity of her own sensory data and perceptions over the established social structures of thought. Her new awareness surfaces when its conventional antithesis becomes unbearably incongruous with her own experiential and perceptual data or when the social modes of thinking threaten to destroy her. In order to bring the unconscious contents into consciousness, to extricate herself psychologically from the socializing forces, which are judgmental, restrictive, and inauthentic in essence, the feminist protagonist employs her own experience, introspection, investigation, memory, and fantasy.

A WOLF SUBLIME: PSYCHOANALYSIS AND THE ANIMAL

2002 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Chris Powici
Keyword(s):  
Oedipus Complex ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Defining Moments ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Wolf Man ◽  
Human Family ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractSigmund Freud's analysis of the childhood dream of the Wolf Man, in The History of an Infantile Neurosis, has come to be seen as one of the defining moments of psychoanalysis. Freud interpreted this dream in terms of the Oedipus complex, concluding that the wolves which threatened to devour his patient were, in effect, father-substitutes, the archaic trace in the unconscious of the individual of the threat posed by the tyrannical father of the 'original' human family. In this article I argue that this conclusion conceals a problematic reading, on Freud's part, of the human/animal border, which is evidenced, in The History of an Infantile Neurosis, as well as elsewhere in his writings, as an anxiety as to the ontological status of the human subject and the 'nature' of civilisation, and as a repressed acknowledgement of the animal as sublime presence. However, in trying to negotiate similar questions today, and despite this marked ambivalence toward the 'animal', I also argue that Freud's insight into the mechanisms of repression remains a valuable way of exploring the relationship of the human to the nonhuman.

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