Emberi bánásmód veszteségek idején

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-190
Author(s):  
Alpár Csaba Nagy ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Mechanism ◽  
Practical Guideline ◽  
Natural Response ◽  
New Situation

Abstract. Humane Treatment of People Who Experience Losses. In this paper, we present the grief as a natural response to the losses that people experience. We regard grief as an adaptive mechanism to the new situation that occurs with a loss. In our success-oriented consumerist society, grief has become a taboo: fighting pain in losses became a sign of weakness and failure. This is valid also for Christians, who consider faith as the measure of successful dealing with distress. We present the positive perceptive structures that may help the grief – based on Anil Seth’s theories. Later on, we speak about the toxic positivism, which harms the grieving person and the adequate expression of condolence, which may express our participation in his/her tormented situation. Destructive attitude consists in shaming, abandoning, or betraying the grieving person, whereas constructive attitude means acceptance, condolence, and support. This paper tries to provide a practical guideline to an empathic grief counselling. Keywords: grief, loss, mourning, toxic positivism, positive perceptive structures

EFFECT OF VARIOUS HORMONES ON THE KIDNEY RESPIRATION RATES IN THE CUTTHROAT TROUT (SALMO CLARKI CLARKI)

1960 ◽  
Vol XXXIII (III) ◽  
pp. 428-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. N. Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Adaptive Mechanism ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Salmo Clarki

ABSTRACT Relatively large doses of vasopressin administered intraperitoneally to the trout significantly enhanced the kidney respiration rate. In contrast to vasopressin a single dose of oxytocin depressed the kidney Qo2 value. This depression continued throughout the observed 24 hour period after injection. Cortisol enhanced the kidney Qo2 values significantly and to a greater extent than vasopressin. These results are discussed in relation to possible adaptive mechanism in euryhaline species of teleosts.

Histological aspects of the cryopreservation of potato

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-348
Author(s):  
P. Pepó ◽  
A. Kovács
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Adaptive Mechanism ◽  
Epidermal Layer ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Meristematic Cells ◽  
Suitable Solution ◽  
Vacuolated Cells

Cryopreservation appears to be a suitable solution for the maintenance of potato germplasms. The protocol described in this paper can be applied for the vitrification and preservation of meristems. During histo-cytological studies it is possible to observe modifications at the cellular level and to understand the adaptive mechanism to low temperatures. Control potato meristem tissue contained a number of meristematic cells with a gradient of differentiation. After freezing there were a large number of vacuolated cells, some of which exhibited broken cell walls and plasmolysis. The thickening of the cell wall, giving them a sinuous appearance, was observed after freezing and thawing the meristems, with ruptures of the cuticle and epidermal layer.

Greek Catholic Metropolitan Church sui iuris in Slovakia and Greek Catholic Church in the Czech Republic within the Current Catholic Canon Law

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-55
Author(s):  
František Čitbaj
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Canon Law ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
New Situation

Greek Catholic Metropolitan Church sui iuris in Slovakia and Greek Catholic Church in the Czech Republic within the Current Catholic Canon Law This article treats of new situation of Greek Catholic metropolitan church sui iuris in Slovakia, by describing its historical development. It is describing terms of Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches as tradition, ceremony and church sui iuris. It is also about institutes typical for metropolitan churches, which are the following: the institute of metropolitan, council of hierarch and also convention of metropolitan church sui iuris.

23. Coley's toxin and spontaneous tumour regression

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Hayre
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Primary Tumour ◽  
Bone Cancer ◽  
Tumour Regression ◽  
Strong Reaction ◽  
Young Surgeon ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Excellent Health ◽  
Natural Response ◽  
Fever Response

William Coley, a young surgeon at New York Memorial Hospital, was traumatized by the loss of his first patient to bone cancer in 1891. He was unable to save this young patient and she succumbed to her Sarcoma within 3 months of surgery. He searched the hospital archive to learn more about Sarcoma and discovered the case of a patient with a large sarcoma who had undergone five unsuccessful surgeries over a 3 year period. This case had been determined to be hopeless. After the last of these operations, the patient became very ill from an erysipelas infection. Coley was astonished to read that after the fever broke and the patient had recovered, the tumour had vanished. Seven years later, the patient was still alive and well. Coley concluded that whatever had caused the fever must also have destroyed the cancer. Coley searched for and found this patient still in excellent health. Coley reasoned that if a chance infection could make tumours vanish, then a purposefully induced infection could do the same. The hypothesis was tested by infecting his next 10 patients with Streptococcus pyogenes to cause Erysipelas. Some of the patients were difficult to infect, some died, and some had a strong reaction and their disease regressed. Coley switched to deactivated S. pyogenes to avoid the mortality observed with the live strain. Afterxperimentation with various formulations, a combination of S pyogenes and Serratia marcescens was decided upon and became known as Coley’s Toxin. The preferred method of delivery was injection of the toxin directly into the primary tumour or metastases in increasing doses to avoid immune tolerance. Fever response in the patient was essential to imitate a naturally occurring infection and the body’s natural response. Though Coley met with success, this therapy was abandoned as chemotherapy became more popular. Hoption Cann SA, Gunn HD, van Netten JP, van Netten C. Dr William Coley and tumour regression: a place in history or in the future. Post Graduate Medical Journal 2003; 79:672-680. Hobohm U. Fever and Cancer in Perspective. Cancer Immunology & Immunotherapy 2001; 50:391-396. Grange JM, Standord JL, Stanford CA. Campbell De Morgan’s ‘Observations on cancer’, and their relevance today. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2002 (June); 95:296-299.

Aire et gestion des ressources en chêne du canton de Vaud: dossier d'un avenir immédiat | Resource management and distribution area of oak in canton Vaud: an issue for the immediate future

2009 ◽  
Vol 160 (s1) ◽  
pp. s65-s73
Author(s):  
Denis Horisberger ◽  
Micheline Meylan
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Genetic Inheritance ◽  
Main Species ◽  
Forestry Management ◽  
New Situation

When climatic changes are taken into account in forestry management, the question arises of the choice of tree species in order to adapt the forests to increased temperatures and stress arising from lack of water. The oak could be the main species accommodating itself to the new situation up to an altitude of about 900 m. A maximal development of this genetic inheritance adapted to our soils and the reinstallation of a network of oak forests would in fact give a new boost to the exceptional biodiversity linked to this species. In canton Vaud, the application of a sylviculture favourable to the oak would concern a relatively small and reasonable area of approximately 8,000 hectares, which corresponds to less than 20% of the surface theoretically adapted to this species, with a rhythm of rejuvenation of about 40 hectares a year.

Updated understanding of platelets in thrombosis and hemostasis: the roles of integrin PSI domains and their potential as therapeutic targets

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Thomas MacKeigan ◽  
Tiffany Ni ◽  
Chuanbin Shen ◽  
Tyler William Stratton ◽  
Wenjing Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Redox Reactions ◽  
Platelet Adhesion ◽  
Adaptive Mechanism ◽  
Dynamic Interactions ◽  
Surface Receptors ◽  
Isomerase Activity ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Fibrinogen Binding ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Novel Target

: Platelets are small blood cells known primarily for their ability to adhere and aggregate at injured vessels to arrest bleeding. However, when triggered under pathological conditions, the same adaptive mechanism of platelet adhesion and aggregation may cause thrombosis, a primary cause of heart attack and stroke. Over recent decades, research has made considerable progress in uncovering the intricate and dynamic interactions that regulate these processes. Integrins are heterodimeric cell surface receptors expressed on all metazoan cells that facilitate cell adhesion, movement, and signaling, to drive biological and pathological processes such as thrombosis and hemostasis. Recently, our group discovered that the plexinsemaphorin-integrin (PSI) domains of the integrin β subunits exert endogenous thiol isomerase activity derived from their two highly conserved CXXC active site motifs. Given the importance of redox reactions in integrin activation and its location in the knee region, this PSI domain activity may be critically involved in facilitating the interconversions between integrin conformations. Our monoclonal antibodies against the β3 PSI domain inhibited its thiol isomerase activity and proportionally attenuated fibrinogen binding and platelet aggregation. Notably, these antibodies inhibited thrombosis without significantly impairing hemostasis or causing platelet clearance. In this review, we will update mechanisms of thrombosis and hemostasis including platelet versatilities and immune-mediated thrombocytopenia, discuss critical contributions of the newly discovered PSI domain thiol isomerase activity, and its potential as a novel target for anti-thrombotic therapies and beyond.

How Horror Works, II

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias Clasen
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Emotional Contagion ◽  
Adaptive Mechanism ◽  
Environmental Features ◽  
Moral Disgust ◽  
Nonrandom Distribution ◽  
Horror Fiction

The most effective monsters of horror fiction mirror ancestral dangers to exploit evolved fears. For most of human evolutionary history, we have faced threats in the domains of predation, conspecific violence, contagion, status loss, and dangerous nonliving environmental features. We thus very easily acquire fears directed toward threats from these domains. This chapter argues that the nonrandom distribution of human fears is reflected in horror, which features stimuli that mirror evolved fears, often in incarnations that are exaggerated and/or counterintuitive for increased salience, including giant spiders, supernormal monsters such as evil clowns, and physics-violating ghosts. Many monsters are also equipped with contagion cues, thus exploiting an evolved disgust mechanism. Some monsters evoke moral disgust through their violation of norms. To strengthen audiences’ emotional responses to such monsters, horror artists often provide descriptions of characters’ reactions which are mirrored by the audience through an adaptive mechanism enabling emotional contagion.

‘The Most Regulated Deregulated Market in the World’? Sellers Organizing across Markets

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanna Alexius
Keyword(s):  
Air Travel ◽  
Local Markets ◽  
The World ◽  
Market Organization ◽  
Taxi Market ◽  
New Situation

Markets are interlinked in the sense that the organization of one market affects the functioning of other markets. Sellers whose sales are affected by shortcomings in another market may try to reorganize that market. In this chapter, the phenomenon of market organization across market borders is illustrated through empirical examples of how businesses in side markets such as the hotel, train, boat, and air travel markets have become active organizers of the Swedish taxi market. The Swedish state ‘deregulated’ taxi services, abolishing several organizational elements. The new situation led to severe problems for sellers in other markets who intervened and succeeded in increasing the degree of organization substantially, differently in different local markets. The taxi market is now as organized as it was prior to the ‘deregulation’, but in a different way and with different organizers.

scholarly journals The German National Library and the Covid-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 095574902110076
Author(s):  
Susanne Oehlschläger ◽  
Jörg Räuber ◽  
Renate Gömpel ◽  
Frank Scholze
Keyword(s):  
National Library ◽  
New Situation

As a library with books and other resources that can be used only onsite for copyright reasons, the German National Library faced special challenges caused by the coronavirus pandemic. The article describes how the German National Library has been answering to the new situation.

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