Subject. This article discusses the issue of defining the Fair Value concept, its similarity and identification with the concept of Market Value. It examines the specifics of each particular value, defines the concept of Fair Value, and analyzes approaches (methods) of fair value valuation, clarifies existing problems of determining fair value for the purposes of IFRS application.
Objectives. The article aims to define the notion of Fair Value and appropriate use in accounting, as well as explore approaches to assess fair value.
Methods. For the study, we used a comparative analysis.
Results. The article says of many inconsistencies in the valuation of fair value, starting with the lack of a clear definition of fair value in IFRS, which is actually identified with the concept of market value. It proposes a refined definition of fair value and identifies fundamental differences between fair and market values, which are based on the procedures used in their assessment.
Conclusions. Fair and market values are two different types of valuation. Fair value can be the same as market value, but only if there is an active market available. There is no single concept of Fair Value presented in scientific and special literature. The same approaches are used in fair (IFRS) and market (valuation standards) assessments, but the methods described for each approach are not always the same.
Comparative analysis of estimated market values of companies: Forbes 2000 and BIST 388 company example
