scholarly journals GENOTIPE DAN SUBTIPE VIRUS HEPATITIS B PENDERITA YANG TERINFEKSI KRONIK AKTIF

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Gondo Mastutik ◽  
Juniastuti Juniastuti ◽  
Ali Rohman ◽  
Mochamad Amin ◽  
Poernomo Boedi Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Active Hepatitis ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Hbv Genotypes ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Multiple Sequences ◽  
Sequences Alignment ◽  
Multiple Sequences Alignment

Chronic activivity of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection can lead to liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. The objective of thisstudy was to know by analyzing the distribution of HBV genotypes and subtypes from hepatitis B patients suffering from chronic activehepatitis B infection in Surabaya. The HBV genotypes were determined by comparing the S gene sequences to those kept in the GeneBank. The phylogenetic tree was constructed by means of the unweighted-pair group method using arithmetic averages. Furthermore,the subtypes were deduced based on the prediction of amino acid residues 116 to 183 of HBsAg on multiple sequences alignment withClustalW2. This study involved 20 sera obtained from patients suffering chronic active hepatitis B infection. After PCR and sequencing,it was found that 13 samples could be used for sequence analysis. The results showed that all sequences were clustered into HBV genotypeB. The subtype adw2 was identified from 12 of 13 sequences, whereas one (1) belonged to ayw1. The subtype adw2 is most prevalent inIndonesia, namely in the islands of Sumatra, Java, South Kalimantan, Bali, Lombok, Ternate, and Morotai, while ayw1 is found in theislands of Nusa Tenggara and Moluccas. Based on this study, it was found that the patients with HBV subtype adw2 were from Surabaya, whereas with ayw1 was from Nusa Tenggara. It can be concluded that the HBV infected patients with chronic active hepatitis B inSurabaya have the genotype B with subtype adw2 which was originally from Surabaya, whereas, ayw1 was a patient originally fromNusa Tenggara.

A STUDY OF HEPATITIS B VIRUS GENOTYPES IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS B PATIENTS

2011 ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Hbv Genotypes ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Virus Genotypes ◽  
Genotype C

Aims: To measure the prevalence of HBV genotypes in chronic hepatitis B patients and their relation to HBeAg and HBV DNA level. Methods: 81 patients were enrolled in this study from January 2009 to December 2010. Clinical, laboratory data were collected during the patient’s hospitalization. Sera were quantitatively tested for HBeAg and HBV DNA. HBV genotyping was made by real-time PCR. Results: Among the 81 patients, 60.5% had genotype B, 26.7% had genotype C and 8.6% had mixed genotype B-C. Prevalence of symptoms (fatigue, anorexia, insomnia...) was higher in genotype C than in genotype B. Genotype C patients had positivity higher HBeAg than genotype B patients (56% vs. 38,8%, p <0.05). The rate of HBV DNA > 107 copies/mL was higher in genotype C group than in genotype B group (36% vs. 28,6%, p > 0.05). Conclusions: Most of the patients had genotypes B or C. Patients with genotype C had positive HBeAg and may be related to higher serological HBV DNA level than in genotype B.

scholarly journals Fully automated sequence alignment methods are comparable to, and much faster than, traditional methods in large data sets: an example with hepatitis B virus

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6142
Author(s):  
Therese A. Catanach ◽  
Andrew D. Sweet ◽  
Nam-phuong D. Nguyen ◽  
Rhiannon M. Peery ◽  
Andrew H. Debevec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Sequence Alignment ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Large Data Sets ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Hbv Genotypes ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Automated Algorithms

Aligning sequences for phylogenetic analysis (multiple sequence alignment; MSA) is an important, but increasingly computationally expensive step with the recent surge in DNA sequence data. Much of this sequence data is publicly available, but can be extremely fragmentary (i.e., a combination of full genomes and genomic fragments), which can compound the computational issues related to MSA. Traditionally, alignments are produced with automated algorithms and then checked and/or corrected “by eye” prior to phylogenetic inference. However, this manual curation is inefficient at the data scales required of modern phylogenetics and results in alignments that are not reproducible. Recently, methods have been developed for fully automating alignments of large data sets, but it is unclear if these methods produce alignments that result in compatible phylogenies when compared to more traditional alignment approaches that combined automated and manual methods. Here we use approximately 33,000 publicly available sequences from the hepatitis B virus (HBV), a globally distributed and rapidly evolving virus, to compare different alignment approaches. Using one data set comprised exclusively of whole genomes and a second that also included sequence fragments, we compared three MSA methods: (1) a purely automated approach using traditional software, (2) an automated approach including by eye manual editing, and (3) more recent fully automated approaches. To understand how these methods affect phylogenetic results, we compared resulting tree topologies based on these different alignment methods using multiple metrics. We further determined if the monophyly of existing HBV genotypes was supported in phylogenies estimated from each alignment type and under different statistical support thresholds. Traditional and fully automated alignments produced similar HBV phylogenies. Although there was variability between branch support thresholds, allowing lower support thresholds tended to result in more differences among trees. Therefore, differences between the trees could be best explained by phylogenetic uncertainty unrelated to the MSA method used. Nevertheless, automated alignment approaches did not require human intervention and were therefore considerably less time-intensive than traditional approaches. Because of this, we conclude that fully automated algorithms for MSA are fully compatible with older methods even in extremely difficult to align data sets. Additionally, we found that most HBV diagnostic genotypes did not correspond to evolutionarily-sound groups, regardless of alignment type and support threshold. This suggests there may be errors in genotype classification in the database or that HBV genotypes may need a revision.

scholarly journals Significant association of thrombocytopenia with chronic active hepatitis B virus infection in a tertiary care hospital of an intermediate prevalence HBV country

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-211
Author(s):  
Muayad A Merza ◽  
Sagvan Kareem Taha ◽  
Sara Muhsin Ibrahim ◽  
Ahmed Tayar Sadeeq ◽  
Mahabad R Abdulrahman
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Active Hepatitis ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
B Virus

Thrombocytopenia is a relatively uncommon extra-hepatic manifestation of uncomplicated chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. This study has two aims: to assess the prevalence of thrombocytopenia in non-cirrhotic patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB); and to determine the association of certain variables with thrombocytopenia in Duhok province. It is a case control study conducted in Azadi Teaching Hospital during June 2016 - May 2019. Chronic active hepatitis B was defined according to the following parameters: the presence of detectable hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in the blood longer than six months, positive or negative HBeAg, HBV-DNA level >2000 IU/ml, elevated ALT, and/or at least moderate histopathological fibrosis. Thrombocytopenia was defined as platelet counts below 150,000/μl. The obtained results were analyzed by entering data into Microsoft Excel 2010. A total of 379 CHB patients and 200 cases as control were enrolled in this study. Their mean ages were 33.62 ± 14.48 and 40.72 ± 18.56 for HBV and control cases, respectively. There were 236 (62.27%) males in the HBV patients and 109 (54.50%) males in the control group. Comparing both groups, significant association was found between HBV and younger age, cigarette smoking, and alcohol consumption. Chronic active hepatitis B without liver cirrhosis was strongly associated with an increased rate of thrombocytopenia. This finding is paramount as it is statistically significant (P = 0.042). Significant association with younger age and Syrian nationality was found more in CHB patients with thrombocytopenia compared to non-thrombocytopenic. In conclusion, chronic active hepatitis B is strongly associated with thrombocytopenia. As hypersplenism resulting from liver cirrhosis was excluded in our patients, the cause of thrombocytopenia is due to other mechanisms. Therefore, it is important to consider CHB in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with isolated thrombocytopenia. Older age and Syrian nationality were predictors for developing thrombocytopenia in chronic active HBV infection. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2019, 5(3): 207-211

Prevalence and genotyping of hepatitis B virus: a cross-sectional study conducted with female sex workers in the Marajó Archipelago, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 902-910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula CR Frade ◽  
Nairis C Raiol ◽  
Luana M da Costa ◽  
Luiz ML Pinheiro ◽  
Gláucia C Silva-Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Hepatitis D ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Hbv Genotypes ◽  
B Virus

In South America, the Amazon basin is considered an endemic area of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. However, epidemiological studies with vulnerable groups are scarce. Female sex workers (FSWs) are highly vulnerable to sexually transmitted infections due to a combination of their sexual behavior and socio-economic conditions. Thus, this study investigated the prevalence of HBV infections and HBV–hepatitis C virus, HBV–hepatitis D virus, HBV–HIV, and HBV–human T-lymphotropic virus co-infections among FSWs in the Marajó Archipelago, northern Brazil, as well as identifying the HBV genotypes circulating in this population. A total of 153 FSWs in 5 towns and 18 riverside communities were included in the study. The HBV infection and co-infections were diagnosed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and real-time polymerase chain reaction. The HBV genotypes were detected by sequencing and were then analyzed phylogenetically. Most of the FSWs surveyed were single, young, heterosexual, and born locally, with low levels of education. Overall, 21 (13.7%) had been exposed to HBV, and HBV-DNA was detected in 13 (8.5%). Genotypes A (69.2%), D (23.1%), and F (7.7%) were detected. Seven cases of co-infections with other viruses were detected. These findings indicate a clear need for urgent measures to control the spread of HBV and other pathogens, and to promote the health of the local FSWs.

Precore and basal core promoter hepatitis B virus (HBV) variants are present from a young age and differ across HBV genotypes

Hepatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daryl T.Y. Lau ◽  
Lilia Ganova‐Raeva ◽  
Junyao Wang ◽  
Douglas Mogul ◽  
Raymond T. Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Core Promoter ◽  
Young Age ◽  
Basal Core Promoter ◽  
Hbv Genotypes ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Hbv Variants

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA quantification and HBV genotypes detection in dried blood specimens

2003 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
R. Jardi ◽  
F. Rodriguez-Frias ◽  
M. Buti ◽  
X. Costa ◽  
A. Valdes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Dna Quantification ◽  
Hbv Genotypes ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Blood Specimens

scholarly journals A surrogate hepatitis B virus antigenic epitope represented by a synthetic peptide and an internal image antiidiotype antibody.

1986 ◽  
Vol 164 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y M Thanavala ◽  
S E Brown ◽  
C R Howard ◽  
I M Roitt ◽  
M W Steward
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Synthetic Peptide ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Hbv Vaccine ◽  
Internal Image ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Hydrophilic Region ◽  
Native Antigen ◽  
Polyclonal Antisera

The use of molecules that represent single, defined epitopes able to substitute for antigen (i.e. surrogate antigens) offers considerable advantages over the use of native antigen for the precise manipulation of the immune response. We have investigated the immunochemical characteristics of two types of surrogate hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) epitopes: (a) linear and cyclical synthetic peptides representing amino acid residues 139-147, a hydrophilic region corresponding to part of the a determinant of the HBsAg, and (b) four monoclonal antiidiotypes raised against anti-HBs mAb, two of which behave as an internal image of an a determinant. Polyclonal anti-HBs antisera bound the monoclonal antiidiotypes with affinities of the order of 10(8)/M, and to the peptides with greater than 10-fold lower affinities. However, the levels of antibody in the polyclonal antisera for the peptides was greater than for the antiidiotypes. In inhibition RIA, the surrogate antigens show concordance in that the internal image antiidiotypes inhibit the binding of both monoclonal and polyclonal anti-HBs to the linear and cyclical 139-147 peptides. These results imply that surrogate antigens could indeed be useful as potential hepatitis vaccines, but while the antiidiotypes may stimulate B cells of higher affinity, they would react with a more restricted range of B cell reactivities than would the peptides. A future HBV vaccine may thus comprise a synthetic peptide such as cyclical 139-147 or a cluster of monoclonal internal image antiidiotypes.

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