Jejunal strangulation and incarceration associated with bilateral perineal hernias in a neutered male dog

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Ashley E. Iodence ◽  
Michael Perlini ◽  
Janet A. Grimes
Keyword(s):  
Present Report ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Digital Rectal Examination ◽  
Perineal Hernia ◽  
Jejunal Segment ◽  
Rectal Examination ◽  
Intestinal Strangulation ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
The Right ◽  
Intestinal Incarceration

Abstract CASE DESCRIPTION An 8-year-old 6.8-kg neutered male Dachshund was presented for evaluation of vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, and swelling over the right perineal region. The dog had a history of a bilateral perineal herniorrhaphy and castration 14 months prior to presentation. CLINICAL FINDINGS Bilateral perineal hernias were confirmed by digital rectal examination. Abdominal ultrasonography confirmed the presence of intestine within the right hernia. Three days after admission to the hospital, the region of the right perineal hernia became painful, erythematous, and edematous. Computed tomography revealed jejunal incarceration within the right hernia with dilation of 1 jejunal segment that indicated intestinal obstruction. TREATMENT AND OUTCOME Abdominal exploratory surgery was performed, during which irreducible small intestinal incarceration was confirmed. Intra-abdominal jejunal resection and anastomosis was performed, and an approximately 13-cm-long section of the jejunum was resected. Bilateral perineal herniorrhaphies with internal obturator and superficial gluteal muscle transposition were performed. Six months after surgery, digital rectal examination of the dog revealed that the repair was intact. The dog had no perineal hernia–related clinical signs at the time of the recheck examination. CLINICAL RELEVANCE For the dog of the present report, surgical management of small intestinal strangulation associated with a perineal hernia was successful. Although a portion of the small intestines can frequently be found within perineal hernias in dogs, perineal hernia-related small intestinal strangulation has not been previously described, to the authors’ knowledge. Veterinarians and clients should be aware of this potential complication secondary to perineal hernia and be prepared to perform an abdominal surgical procedure to address small intestinal incarceration in affected dogs.

scholarly journals Fatal Actinobacillosis in a Dairy Buffalo

2006 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Muhammad ◽  
M. Saqib ◽  
M. Athar
Keyword(s):  
Present Report ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
Post Injection ◽  
Provisional Diagnosis ◽  
Colony Forming Unit ◽  
Erythrocyte Sedimentation ◽  
The Right ◽  
Dairy Buffalo ◽  
Intraperitoneal Inoculation

The present report describes a case of fatal actinobacillosis in a dairy buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Clinical signs included a large multilobular, firm abscess located caudo-ventral to the right ear base, submandiblar and prescapular lymphadenopathy, fever and dyspnoea. Haemogram revealed an accelerated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and erythropenia. Provisional diagnosis of actinobacillosis was confirmed by the demonstration of a Gram-negative pleomorphic organism in pus, microscopic examination of a compression preparation of a sulphur granule as well as growth of the organism on blood agar. Intraperitoneal inoculation of pus in guinea pigs was fatal at around 48 hours post-injection. The LD50 of the Actinobacillus lignieresii isolate in mice was 104 colony forming unit per milliliter of Hank's balanced salt solution. The animal died 12 hours after the initiation of surgical drainage of the abscess and administration of iodide, antibiotics and steroids. Necropsy findings included interlobular pneumonia, pulmonary abscessation and mediastinal lympadenopathy that were ascribed to metastatic spread of the organisms to the lungs which probably led to the death of the animal. This case report appears to be the first documentation of fatal actinobacillosis in the dairy buffalo.

CR22P�DIGITAL RECTAL EXAMINATION - DO JUNIOR DOCTORS NEED POINTERS IN THE RIGHT DIRECTION?

2009 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. A13-A13
Author(s):  
J. M. Yeung ◽  
H. Yeeles ◽  
S. W. Tang ◽  
S. Amin ◽  
K. Chapple
Keyword(s):  
Digital Rectal Examination ◽  
Junior Doctors ◽  
Rectal Examination ◽  
The Right

Case 12.13

2014 ◽  
pp. 588-589
Author(s):  
Christine U. Lee ◽  
James F. Glockner
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Vesicle ◽  
Digital Rectal Examination ◽  
Palpable Mass ◽  
Rectal Examination ◽  
The Right ◽  
T2 Weighted Images

46-year-old asymptomatic man with a palpable mass above the prostate on digital rectal examination Sagittal (Figure 12.13.1) and axial (Figure 12.13.2) FSE T2-weighted images reveal a complex multicystic lesion involving the right side of the seminal vesicle. Axial T1-weighted FSE image (...

Teaching Digital Rectal Examination to Medical Students Using a Structured Workshop—a Point in the Right Direction?

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 254-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Isherwood ◽  
Zakariye Ashkir ◽  
Sofoklis Panteleimonitis ◽  
Nisha Kumar ◽  
David Hemingway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Digital Rectal Examination ◽  
Rectal Examination ◽  
The Right

scholarly journals Perineal Protrusion Secondary to Imperforate Hymen and Hydrocolpos in an 8-Year-Old Spayed Female Dog

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Callie L. Blackford Winders ◽  
Karen M. Tobias
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Infection ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Digital Rectal Examination ◽  
Perineal Hernia ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Imperforate Hymen ◽  
Local Structures ◽  
Infection Treatment ◽  
Rare Congenital Abnormality ◽  
Membrane Perforation

An 8-year-old female spayed Dachshund presented with an acute onset of dysuria, dyschezia, and painful perineal protrusion. A perineal hernia was ruled out on digital rectal examination, and blood work was unremarkable. An extremely dilated vagina was identified on computed tomography, and hydrocolpos was suspected. Endoscopic vaginal exam confirmed the diagnosis of imperforate hymen. The membrane was ruptured digitally and remnants were removed endoscopically, resulting in resolution of clinical signs. Imperforate hymen is a rare congenital abnormality that can result in extensive fluid accumulation within the vagina and subsequent compression of local structures or secondary infection. Treatment of hydrocolpos includes membrane perforation and removal.

scholarly journals Colocephalectomy for the Treatment of Capital Physeal Fracture of the Femoral Head in Pony

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andressa Duarte Lorga ◽  
Peterson Triches Dornbusch ◽  
Anny Raissa Carolini Gomes ◽  
Mariana Cocco ◽  
Flávia Do Prado Augusto Amaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Surgical Wound ◽  
Physeal Fracture ◽  
First Case ◽  
Painful Sensation ◽  
The Right ◽  
Physeal Fractures

Background: Femoral capital physeal fractures occur in young animals and are generally associated with trauma. They have a poor prognosis and surgical therapy is the most indicated. There are few studies describing surgical treatment and postoperative results, so the objective of the present report was to present the first case in Brazil of a colocefalectomy for the treatment of femoral capital physeal fracture in a young pony, the post-surgical and the results obtained with the technique employed.Case: An 18-month-old pony, male, not castrated, , weighing 136 kg was referred to the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Paraná (HV-UFPR) with a history of trauma for 4 days. On physical examination, the animal presented lameness grade 5 of the right pelvic limb, shortening and lateral deviation of the limb, crackling and painful sensation on abduction, and slight atrophy of the gluteal muscles on the affected side. In the radiographic examination, a femoral capital physeal fracture was found in the oblique ventro-dorsal projection. Once the diagnosis was performed, a colocefalectomy was realized, as the patient is a light and short horse. The patient underwent general anesthesia and was placed in the left lateral position. The access to the coxofemoral joint was made through the lateral face of the right hindlimb. The muscles of the region were incised and deviated, so a partial myotomy was performed in the deep gluteal and vastus lateralis. This procedure allowed to visualize the fracture, where the head of the femur remained congruent to the acetabulum. A hammer and a curved osteotome were used to section the round ligament, allowing the dislocation of the femoral head and with the aid of an oscillating orthopedic saw was performed the femoral neck ostectomy. Previously to the synthesis of the muscular planes and the skin, a passive tubular drain was fixed, in order to avoid the accumulation of exudate and consequent dehiscence of stitches, which was removed on the 6th postoperative day. For postoperative analgesia, epidural morphine was administered for 6 days and intravenous phenylbutazone for 3 days. Antibiotic therapy was performed with Ceftiofur and Metronidazole. The stitches were removed on the 15th postoperative day, after the correct healing of the surgical wound. The patient’s return to activity was gradual and he was pasture sound on the 42nd postoperative day. After medical discharge, contact with the owner was kept until the fifth postoperative month, and he related that the animal remained walking well and maintaining his reproductive function.Discussion: Femoral capital physeal fractures can occur in young animals, and are not common in clinical surgical care. Clinical signs are crackle of the joint on manipulation and presence of swelling in the affected region. The patient in question, in addition to evident lameness, had crackling and painful sensation during the abduction of the limb, but there was no local swelling, but an atrophy of the musculature of the limb, that occurs in cases of chronic femoral injury. Surgical intervention is the indicated method of treatment and should be performed as soon as possible after the injury has occurred, avoiding the worsening of bone and joint degeneration. Femoral head ostectomy is more suitable for animals less than 12 months old and weighing up to 100 kg. The technique has as a postoperative complication the contamination of the surgical wound, however the implantation of the passive tubular drain allowed rapid evolution of healing. Physical rehabilitation in the postoperative period is variable according to the progress of the animal’s locomotion. Therefore, the colocefalectomy technique aims to maintain the patient’s quality of life, even as in the case reported, it allowed the animal to maintain the reproductive function.

scholarly journals Ultrasound features of a metastatic seminal vesicle melanoma: A case report

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Fabiani ◽  
Emanuele Principi ◽  
Alessandra Filosa ◽  
Fabrizio Fioretti ◽  
Valentina Maurelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Vesicle ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Transrectal Ultrasound ◽  
Digital Rectal Examination ◽  
Primary Melanoma ◽  
Unknown Primary ◽  
Ultrasound Guided ◽  
Rectal Examination ◽  
The Right ◽  
Ultrasound Features

In this report we describe what we consider to be the second case of seminal vescicle (SV) metastasis from an unknown primary melanoma. only presenting symptom was a palpable firm nodule of the right prostate base on digital rectal examination (DRE). The diagnosis, after prostatic transrectal ultrasound examination (TRUS), was performed by ultrasound guided biopsy. We underline that prostatic TRUS evaluation is mandatory in case of abnormal digital rectal examination. Seminal vesicle must be always evaluated.

A Review of the Surgical Management of Perineal Hernias in Dogs

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 179-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukhjit Singh Gill ◽  
Robert D. Barstad
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Prolapse ◽  
Rectal Wall ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Digital Rectal Examination ◽  
Levator Ani ◽  
Perineal Hernia ◽  
Muscle Transposition ◽  
Semitendinosus Muscle ◽  
Pelvic Diaphragm

ABSTRACT Perineal hernia refers to the failure of the muscular pelvic diaphragm to support the rectal wall, resulting in herniation of pelvic and, occasionally, abdominal viscera into the subcutaneous perineal region. The proposed causes of pelvic diaphragm weakness include tenesmus associated with chronic prostatic disease or constipation, myopathy, rectal abnormalities, and gonadal hormonal imbalances. The most common presentation of perineal hernia in dogs is a unilateral or bilateral nonpainful swelling of the perineum. Clinical signs do occur, but not always. Clinical signs may include constipation, obstipation, dyschezia, tenesmus, rectal prolapse, stranguria, or anuria. The definitive diagnosis of perineal hernia is based on clinical signs and findings of weak pelvic diaphragm musculature during a digital rectal examination. In dogs, perineal hernias are mostly treated by surgical intervention. Appositional herniorrhaphy is sometimes difficult to perform as the levator ani and coccygeus muscles are atrophied and unsuitable for use. Internal obturator muscle transposition is the most commonly used technique. Additional techniques include superficial gluteal and semitendinosus muscle transposition, in addition to the use of synthetic implants and biomaterials. Pexy techniques may be used to prevent rectal prolapse and bladder and prostate gland displacement. Postoperative care involves analgesics, antibiotics, a low-residue diet, and stool softeners.

Acute abdomen in pregnancy: a retrospective study of pregnant patients hospitalised for abdominal pain

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-135
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Abdominal Emergency ◽  
Lower Abdominal Quadrant ◽  
Abdominal Emergencies ◽  
The Right ◽  
Abdominal Quadrant ◽  
In Pregnancy

Introduction: Abdominal emergencies occur in pregnant women with the rate of 1:500−635 pregnancies. Such conditions usually develop from full health and worsen rapidly. Symptoms are often similar to those in physiological pregnancy (abdominal pain, vomiting, constipation). The diagnostic process is thus difficult and both the mother and her child are at risk. Our aim was to evaluate the frequency of abdominal emergencies in the Department of Surgery, University Hospital in Pilsen and to consider their impact on pregnancy and on the newborn. Methods: We acquired a set of patients by retrograde collection of data. We searched for pregnant patients suspected of developing an abdominal emergency admitted to the Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Pilsen between 2004 and 2015. We evaluated a number of clinical signs to statistically describe the set. Results: The set included 121 patients; 42 of the patients underwent a surgical procedure and 79 received conservative treatment. 38 patients underwent appendectomy; 6 appendixes were with no pathologies. McBurney’s incision was an approach of choice in most cases. The most frequent symptom was pain in the right lower abdominal quadrant. The foetus has been lost in none of the cases. Conclusion: Acute appendicitis was the most frequent abdominal emergency in our set and also the most frequent reason for surgical intervention. The most specific sign was pain in the right lower abdominal quadrant. No impact of appendicitis or appendectomy on the health of the newborn has been observed. Even though abdominal emergencies in pregnancy are relatively rare, the results of the department are very good.

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