Effects of Order of Presentation and Length of Viewing Time on Size Estimation

1974 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 511-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Rogers ◽  
Raymond E. Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Viewing Time ◽  
Size Estimation ◽  
Estimation Task ◽  
Frequency Model ◽  
Order Of Presentation

Based on the Gardner, et al. (1959) interpretation of the leveling-sharpening dimension, order of presentation and length of viewing time were manipulated on a size-estimation task. Contrary to expectation, neither variable significantly affected performance, and four different subject-estimation patterns were isolated rather than the two patterns (leveling and sharpening) expected. Both magnitude and directional properties of the four estimation patterns were explained by a modified version of Parducci's range-frequency model.

Anorexia Subjective Body Size Estimation Task

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewi Guardia ◽  
Gilles Lafargue ◽  
Pierre Thomas ◽  
Vincent Dodin ◽  
Olivier Cottencin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Size Estimation ◽  
Estimation Task ◽  
Body Size Estimation

scholarly journals The Effect of a Virtual-Reality Full-Body Illusion on Body Representation in Obesity

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scarpina ◽  
Serino ◽  
Keizer ◽  
Chirico ◽  
Scacchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Body Representation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Size Estimation ◽  
Estimation Task ◽  
Bodily Experience ◽  
Body Representations ◽  
Body Size Estimation ◽  
Full Body

Background. The effective illusory ownership over an artificial body in modulating body representations in healthy and eating disorders population has been repeatedly reported in recent literature. In this study, we extended this research in the field of obesity: specifically, we investigated whether ownership over a virtual body with a skinny abdomen might be successfully experienced by participants affected by obesity. Methods. Fifteen participants with obesity and fifteen healthy-weight participants took part at this study in which the VR-Full-Body Illusion was adopted. The strength of illusion was investigated through the traditional Embodiment Questionnaire, while changes in bodily experience were measured through a body size estimation task. Results. Participants with obesity as well as healthy-weight participants reported to experience the illusion. About the body size estimation task, both groups reported changes only in the estimation of the abdomen’s circumference after the experimental condition, in absence of any another difference. Discussion. Participants with obesity reported to experience the illusion over a skinny avatar, but the modulation of the bodily experience seems controversial. Future lines of research exploiting this technique for modulating body representations in obesity, specifically in terms of potential therapeutic use, were discussed.

Individual Differences in Eye-Movement Patterns

1972 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 895-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monte Buchsbaum ◽  
Adolf Pfefferbaum ◽  
Richard Stillman
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Size Estimation ◽  
Estimation Task ◽  
First Order ◽  
Stable Measures ◽  
Fixation Points ◽  
Transitional Probabilities ◽  
Normal Adults ◽  
Over Time

The reliability of individual differences in patterns of eye fixation during a size-estimation task was studied in normal adults, each tested twice. The most stable measures not specifically related to the stimulus configuration appeared to be the number of fixations per unit time; measures related to dispersal of looking were unreliable. Data on where S looked, the duration of each fixation and the distance between fixation points appeared to follow first-order Markov processes and the transitional probabilities appeared to be individual characteristics stable over time.

Effect of Manifest Anxiety on a Form-Discrimination and a Size-Estimation Task

1969 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 435-440
Author(s):  
Peter A. Magaro
Keyword(s):  
Performance Level ◽  
Angular Dimension ◽  
Horizontal Distance ◽  
Size Estimation ◽  
Form Discrimination ◽  
High Anxiety ◽  
Estimation Task ◽  
Angle Size ◽  
Methodological Aspects ◽  
Manifest Anxiety

The present study examined two methodological aspects of the form-discrimination and size-estimation tasks employed in the literature dealing with the deficit performance of schizophrenics. The results indicated that the tasks were relatively independent although level of anxiety was related to a decrease in performance level on each task. In comparing the two discriminative dimensions of angle size and horizontal distance, it was found the horizontal distance was more difficult especially for high-anxiety normals. This result was discussed in terms of the studies with schizophrenics which used discriminative tasks and found more errors on an angular dimension.

scholarly journals The link between anxiety and assessment of body attitudes and body size estimation in anorexia nervosa

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 204380872199763
Author(s):  
Birgit Hasenack ◽  
Lot Sternheim ◽  
Jojanneke Bijsterbosch ◽  
Anouk Keizer
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Body Size ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Body Representation ◽  
Size Estimation ◽  
Visual Estimation ◽  
Estimation Task ◽  
Body Attitude ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Body Size Estimation

Although body size estimation (BSE) tasks are frequently used to investigate distorted body representation in anorexia nervosa (AN), the link between anxiety and task performance has been overlooked. To investigate this, 30 female healthy controls (HCs) and 29 female AN patients completed two body attitude questionnaires and three BSE tasks (the Visual Estimation Task, the Tactile Estimation Task and the Hoop Task). Participants completed two body attitude questionnaires and three BSE tasks; the Visual Estimation Task, the Tactile Estimation Task, and the Hoop Task. The STAI-6 was administered before and after each body-related task to assess state anxiety. Results showed that state anxiety levels increased significantly more in AN patients than in HC after completing each task. Thus, performance of AN patients on BSE and other body-related tasks might not just indicate the (mis)perception of their body but also co-occur with increased state anxiety. This has implications for the interpretation of these tasks and for furthering our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie distorted body image in AN.

Contrast and Stimulus Intensity in Kinesthetic Figural Aftereffects with Normal and Schizophrenic Subjects

1973 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 927-935
Author(s):  
Barry Ritzler ◽  
Eugene Ebner
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Stimulus Intensity ◽  
Size Estimation ◽  
Estimation Task ◽  
Estimation Performance ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenics ◽  
Proprioceptive Stimulation ◽  
Proprioceptive Deficit

A proprioceptive size estimation task was used to assess the magnitude of kinesthetic figural aftereffects between schizophrenics and normals. College students (controls) demonstrated the largest kinesthetic figural aftereffects. Acute schizophrenics showed less responsivity than normals to proprioceptive stimulation and chronic schizophrenics manifested the lowest mean kinesthetic figural aftereffects score of the three groups. The results were discussed as evidence in support of the hypothesis of a proprioceptive deficit in schizophrenia. The results also were interpreted as casting some doubt on the validity of the concept of kinesthetic control of stimulus intensity in schizophrenic size-estimation performance.

Relations among Chronicity, Diagnosis, Premorbid Adjustment, Defensiveness and Two Measures of Perceptual Scanning

1971 ◽  
Vol 33 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1163-1170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham A. Haley
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Size Estimation ◽  
Estimation Task ◽  
Standard Size ◽  
Premorbid Adjustment ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
And Performance

The attention style of perceptual scanning has been related to the variables of chronicity, diagnosis, and premorbid adjustment. In addition, a functional defensive significance has been attributed to scanning. However, recent research has questioned the adequacy of the standard size-estimation task employed as a scanning measure. The current study explored relations among chronicity, diagnosis, premorbid adjustment, impulsivity and defensiveness, using eye movements and performance on a task with central and peripheral elements as scanning measures. Neither impulsivity nor premorbid adjustment was related to either scanning measure. Chronicity, diagnosis and defensiveness were related to the latter scanning measure. High chronicity and high defensiveness were associated with lower scanning. Regarding diagnosis, paranoids showed higher scanning than neurotics but did not differ significantly from nonparanoid schizophrenics. Problems of scanning assessment are discussed.

Under- and Over-Estimation

2011 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginie Crollen ◽  
Julie Castronovo ◽  
Xavier Seron
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Data ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Numerical Estimation ◽  
Production Task ◽  
Estimation Task ◽  
Reproduction Task ◽  
Perception Task ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Mapping Hypothesis ◽  
Task Perception

Over the last 30 years, numerical estimation has been largely studied. Recently, Castronovo and Seron (2007) proposed the bi-directional mapping hypothesis in order to account for the finding that dependent on the type of estimation task (perception vs. production of numerosities), reverse patterns of performance are found (i.e., under- and over-estimation, respectively). Here, we further investigated this hypothesis by submitting adult participants to three types of numerical estimation task: (1) a perception task, in which participants had to estimate the numerosity of a non-symbolic collection; (2) a production task, in which participants had to approximately produce the numerosity of a symbolic numerical input; and (3) a reproduction task, in which participants had to reproduce the numerosity of a non-symbolic numerical input. Our results gave further support to the finding that different patterns of performance are found according to the type of estimation task: (1) under-estimation in the perception task; (2) over-estimation in the production task; and (3) accurate estimation in the reproduction task. Moreover, correlation analyses revealed that the more a participant under-estimated in the perception task, the more he/she over-estimated in the production task. We discussed these empirical data by showing how they can be accounted by the bi-directional mapping hypothesis ( Castronovo & Seron, 2007 ).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document