Relation between Planning and Simultaneous-Successive Processing

1980 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian F. Ashman ◽  
J. P. Das
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Information Processing Model ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Planning Factor ◽  
Grade 8

The simultaneous-successive processing battery and five tests reputed to measure planning were administered to 104 Grade 8 male and female students. Test scores were submitted to principal component analysis and a planning factor was identified which was orthogonal to the two coding dimensions. The study clearly delineates independent coding and planning dimensions and provides support for and extends the simultaneous-successive information-processing model.

scholarly journals Variability in size and shape in muscovy duck with age: Principal component analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.M. Ogah ◽  
M. Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dependence Structure ◽  
Muscovy Duck ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Size And Shape

Body weight and six linear body measurements, body length (BL), breast circumference (BCC), thigh length (TL), shank length (SL), total leg length (TLL) and wing length were recorded on 150 male and female muscovy ducklings and evaluated at 3, 5, 10, 15 and 20 weeks of age. Principal component analysis was used to study the dependence structure among the body measurements and to quantify sex differences in morphometric size and shape variations during growth. The first principal components at each of the five ages in both sexes accounted between 71.54 to 92.95% of the variation in the seven measurements and provided a linear function of size with nearly equal emphasis on all traits. The second principal components in all cases also accounted for between 6.7 to 16.17% of the variations in the dependence structure of the system in the variables as shape, the coefficient for the PCs at various ages were sex dependent with males showing higher variability because of spontaneous increase in size and shape than females. Contribution of the general size factor to the total variance increase with age in both male and female ducklings, while shape factor tend to be stable in males and inconsistent in females.

scholarly journals Exploring Physical Fitness Profile of Male and Female Semiprofessional Basketball Players through Principal Component Analysis—A Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Carlos D. Gómez-Carmona ◽  
David Mancha-Triguero ◽  
José Pino-Ortega ◽  
Sergio J. Ibáñez
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Physical Conditioning ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Fitness Level

Basketball is a sport in continuous evolution, being one of these key aspects of the players’ physical fitness that has an impact on the game. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize and identify the physical fitness level and profiles of basketball players according to sex. Total of 26 semi-professional basketball players were assessed (13 male, 13 female) through inertial devices in different previously validated fitness tests. T-test for independent samples and principal component analysis were used to analyze sex-related differences and to identify physical fitness profiles. The results showed differences according to sex in all physical fitness indexes (p < 0.01; d > 1.04) with higher values in males, except in accelerometer load during small-sided games (p = 0.17; d < 0.20). Four principal components were identified in male and female basketball players, being two common ([PC1] aerobic capacity and in-game physical conditioning, [PC4 male, PC3 female] unipodal jump performance) and two different profiles (male: [PC2] bipodal jump capacity and acceleration, [PC3] curvilinear displacement; female: [PC2] bipodal jump capacity and curvilinear displacement, [PC4] deceleration). In conclusion, training design must be different and individualized according to different variables, including physical fitness profiles between them. For practical applications, these results will allow knowing the advantages and weaknesses of each athlete to adapt training tasks and game systems based on the skills and capabilities of the players in basketball.

Information Processing with Combination Method for Dependent Evidences Based on Principal Component Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 1022 ◽  
pp. 304-310
Author(s):  
Jie Yao ◽  
Tao Hu ◽  
Jian Jun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Evidence Theory ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Combination Method ◽  
New Combination ◽  
High Dimensional ◽  
Combination Rules ◽  
Low Dimensional

To meet the requirement that evidences must be independent for evidences combination in D-S evidence theory when the information processing, the dependence among evidences should be eliminated, so a new combination method of dependent evidences based on the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is presented. The high-dimensional dependent evidences are replaced by the new low-dimensional independent evidences to reduce the dimensions following the guiding rule of PCA, and then the probability under the new evidences is calculated. The new independent evidences are combined with the combination rules of D-S evidence theory. Compared to existed methods, the dependence in initial evidences is eliminated, and the number of evidences is reduced, which leads to the simplification of the process of evidence combination. Finally, an example is employed to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed approach.

scholarly journals Caracterización fenotípica de accesiones de especies de Rubus L. de los municipios de Pamplona y Chitagá, región Nororiental de Colombia

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovani Orlando Cancino-Escalante ◽  
Luis Roberto Sánchez-Montaño ◽  
Enrique Quevedo-García ◽  
Claudia Díaz-Carvajal
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Wild Species ◽  
Morphological Differentiation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Commercial Farms ◽  
Roadside Plants

<br /><p><strong></strong><strong>Objective. </strong>To identify the cultivated and wild species of <em>Rubus</em> in 53 farms with commercial plantations of <em>Rubus glaucus </em>Benth, owned by four blackberry grower associations in the towns of Pamplona and Chitagá, (Norte de Santander, Colombia).<strong> Materials and methods. </strong>Three to five specimens were collected from each farm and along the roadside. Plants aged 9 to 12 months since their plantation in the commercial farms and wild materials with characteristics of <em>Rubus</em> were selected. Twenty two descriptors (fourteen quantitative and eight qualitative) were assessed. We considered the seventh and eighth branch buds both male and female (with five repetitions) and fruits and flowers of each material. Principal component analysis was done with the fourteen quantitative variables, to identify the descriptors that most contribute to the morphological differentiation of accessions. A conglomerate analysis was used for grouping accessions according to their similarity and dissimilarity. <strong>Results. </strong>Among the 147 accessions analyzed from the different farms, our study determined the presence of 6 different taxa: <em>R. glaucus</em> Benth (with and without spines), <em>R. alpinus </em>Macfad<em>, R. adenotrichos </em>Schltdl<em>, R. rosifolius </em>Sm.<em>,</em> <em>R. bogotensis </em>Kunth<em> </em>and<em> R. floribundus </em>Kunth <strong>Conclusions. </strong>The descriptors that differentiated the species and discriminated them by groups by providing 77% of the information with the use of principal component analysis, were:  length and width of central and lateral leaflets, length of flower and leaf structures, apex shape and number of secondary veins.</p> <p><strong>Key words</strong>: <em>Rubus glaucus </em>Benth, identification, <em>taxa,</em> descriptors, principal component analysis, conglomerate analysis</p> <p> </p><br />

Different change of direction tests assess different physical ability parameters: Principal component analysis of nine change of direction tests

2021 ◽  
pp. 174795412110516
Author(s):  
Žiga Kozinc ◽  
Nejc Šarabon
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Principle Component Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Training Design ◽  
Physical Ability ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Change Of Direction ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Variance Explained

Change of direction (CoD) ability is critical for the success of athletes in many sports. The purpose of this study was to perform a principal component analysis using 9 CoD tests in order to reveal possible subcomponents of CoD ability, which could aid practitioners in test selection. Male and female kinesiology students (n = 76) performed all CoD tests and a 30-m sprint test in a quasi-randomized, counterbalanced order. Three components for males and two components for females were extracted from principle component analysis (variance explained = 82.3 and 71.4%, respectively). It seems that the CoD test should be subdivided into at least two components: a) “pure CoD tests” (such as 505 test, T-test and 180° turn) and maneuverability tests (such as AFL run, Illinois test and Figure of Eight test). Considering that different factors seem to underlie CoD and maneuverability, our findings have important practical implications for training design. If hopping/jumping CoD is important for a given athlete, it should also be tested separately.

scholarly journals Variability in size and shape in muscovy duck with age: Principal component analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 493-504
Author(s):  
D.M. Ogah ◽  
M. Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dependence Structure ◽  
Muscovy Duck ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Size And Shape

Body weight and six linear body measurements, body length (BL), breast circumference (BCC), thigh length (TL), shank length (SL), total leg length (TLL) and wing length were recorded on 150 male and female muscovy ducklings and evaluated at 3, 5, 10, 15 and 20 weeks of age. Principal component analysis was used to study the dependence structure among the body measurements and to quantify sex differences in morphometric size and shape variations during growth. The first principal components at each of the five ages in both sexes accounted between 71.54 to 92.95% of the variation in the seven measurements and provided a linear function of size with nearly equal emphasis on all traits. The second principal components in all cases also accounted for between 6.7 to 16.17% of the variations in the dependence structure of the system in the variables as shape, the coefficient for the PCS at various ages were sex dependent with males showing higher variability because of spontaneous increase in size and shape than females. Contribution of the general size factor to the total variance increase with age in both male and female ducklings, while shape factor tend to be stable in males and inconsistent in females.

A German version of the Intermittent Claudication Questionnaire (ICQ): cultural adaptation and validation

VASA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 333-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirchberger ◽  
Finger ◽  
Müller-Bühl
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Intermittent Claudication ◽  
Completion Time ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
German Version ◽  
Average Completion Time ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Related Quality

Background: The Intermittent Claudication Questionnaire (ICQ) is a short questionnaire for the assessment of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients with intermittent claudication (IC). The objective of this study was to translate the ICQ into German and to investigate the psychometric properties of the German ICQ version in patients with IC. Patients and methods: The original English version was translated using a forward-backward method. The resulting German version was reviewed by the author of the original version and an experienced clinician. Finally, it was tested for clarity with 5 German patients with IC. A sample of 81 patients were administered the German ICQ. The sample consisted of 58.0 % male patients with a median age of 71 years and a median IC duration of 36 months. Test of feasibility included completeness of questionnaires, completion time, and ratings of clarity, length and relevance. Reliability was assessed through a retest in 13 patients at 14 days, and analysis of Cronbach’s alpha for internal consistency. Construct validity was investigated using principal component analysis. Concurrent validity was assessed by correlating the ICQ scores with the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) as well as clinical measures. Results: The ICQ was completely filled in by 73 subjects (90.1 %) with an average completion time of 6.3 minutes. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient reached 0.75. Intra-class correlation for test-retest reliability was r = 0.88. Principal component analysis resulted in a 3 factor solution. The first factor explained 51.5 of the total variation and all items had loadings of at least 0.65 on it. The ICQ was significantly associated with the SF-36 and treadmill-walking distances whereas no association was found for resting ABPI. Conclusions: The German version of the ICQ demonstrated good feasibility, satisfactory reliability and good validity. Responsiveness should be investigated in further validation studies.

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