Cross-Validation of the Alternative Impairment Index

1995 ◽  
Vol 81 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1153-1154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur MacNeill Horton
Keyword(s):  
Test Scores ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
Neuropsychological Impairment ◽  
Validation Sample ◽  
Composite Measure ◽  
Neuropsychological Deficit ◽  
Index Analysis

The Alternative Impairment Index, a new composite measure of neuropsychological deficit, was cross-validated by comparison with an established measure of neuropsychological impairment, the Halstead Impairment Index. An initial study gave agreement of 60% (15/25) between the Halstead Impairment Index and the Alternative Impairment Index. Analysis of a cross-validation sample of 50 brain-damaged patients with complete Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test scores yielded agreement of 66% (33/50) on severity for the Alternative Impairment Index and Halstead Impairment Index.

Children's Version of the Alternative Impairment Index: A Pilot Study

1995 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Horton
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Test Battery ◽  
Neuropsychological Impairment ◽  
Index Test ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Neuropsychological Deficit ◽  
Neuropsychological Test Battery

The Alternative Impairment Index, a measure composed of scores derived from the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery, was proposed as a new measure of neuropsychological impairment in adults. This pilot study investigated the feasibility of a Children's Version of the Alternative Impairment Index. Test records for 16 normal and brain-damaged children, between the ages of 9 and 14 years, who had been administered the complete Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery for Older Children, were obtained and the Children's Version of the Alternative Impairment Index and the Children's Total Neuropsychological Deficit Score were compared for agreement on severity. Agreement, i.e., 56% or 9/16 correct agreement, was weak.

The General Neuropsychological Deficit Scale and Halstead Impairment Index: Comparison of Severity

1994 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 888-890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Macneill, Horton ◽  
Steven A. Sobelman
Keyword(s):  
Brain Damage ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Test Battery ◽  
Neuropsychological Deficit ◽  
Neuropsychological Test Battery ◽  
Hit Rates ◽  
Index Comparison

To examine how the severity of brain damage is evaluated by a summary neuropsychological measure, the General Neuropsychological Deficit Scale, 25 brain-damaged patients completed the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery. From the test scores, both the General Neuropsychological Deficit Scale and the Halstead Impairment Index were calculated for each patient. Hit rates for agreement on severity were 60%, i.e., 15/25. Examination of the data suggested the General Neuropsychological Deficit Scale better reflects severity of brain damage at greater severity.

scholarly journals Digital Technology Differentiates Graphomotor and Information Processing Speed Patterns of Behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacy L. Andersen ◽  
Benjamin Sweigart ◽  
Nancy W. Glynn ◽  
Mary K. Wojczynski ◽  
Bharat Thyagarajan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Apoe Genotype ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Cognitive Test ◽  
Digit Symbol Substitution Test ◽  
Information Processing Speed

Background: Coupling digital technology with traditional neuropsychological test performance allows collection of high-precision metrics that can clarify and/or define underlying constructs related to brain and cognition. Objective: To identify graphomotor and information processing trajectories using a digitally administered version of the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). Methods: A subset of Long Life Family Study participants (n = 1,594) completed the DSST. Total time to draw each symbol was divided into ‘writing’ and non-writing or ‘thinking’ time. Bayesian clustering grouped participants by change in median time over intervals of eight consecutively drawn symbols across the 90 s test. Clusters were characterized based on sociodemographic characteristics, health and physical function data, APOE genotype, and neuropsychological test scores. Results: Clustering revealed four ‘thinking’ time trajectories, with two clusters showing significant changes within the test. Participants in these clusters obtained lower episodic memory scores but were similar in other health and functional characteristics. Clustering of ‘writing’ time also revealed four performance trajectories where one cluster of participants showed progressively slower writing time. These participants had weaker grip strength, slower gait speed, and greater perceived physical fatigability, but no differences in cognitive test scores. Conclusion: Digital data identified previously unrecognized patterns of ‘writing’ and ‘thinking’ time that cannot be detected without digital technology. These patterns of performance were differentially associated with measures of cognitive and physical function and may constitute specific neurocognitive biomarkers signaling the presence of subtle to mild dysfunction. Such information could inform the selection and timing of in-depth neuropsychological assessments and help target interventions.

Development of a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry-derived body volume equation in Hispanic adults for administering a four-compartment model

2020 ◽  
Vol 123 (12) ◽  
pp. 1373-1381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brett S. Nickerson ◽  
Michael V. Fedewa ◽  
Cherilyn N. McLester ◽  
John R. McLester ◽  
Michael R. Esco
Keyword(s):  
Cross Validation ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Body Volume ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Validation Sample ◽  
Body Composition Assessment ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hispanic Females ◽  
Hispanic Adults ◽  
The Cross

AbstractThe purpose of the present study was: (1) to develop a new dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-derived body volume (BV) equation with the GE-Lunar prodigy while utilising underwater weighing (UWW) as a criterion and (2) to cross-validate the novel DXA-derived BV equation (4C-DXANickerson), Wilson DXA-derived BV equation (4C-DXAWilson) and air displacement plethysmography (ADP)-derived BV (4C-ADP) in Hispanic adults. A total of 191 Hispanic adults (18–45 years) participated in the present study. The development sample consisted of 120 females and males (50 % females), whereas the cross-validation sample comprised of forty-one females and thirty males (n 71). Criterion body fat percentage (BF %) and fat-free mass (FFM) were determined using a four-compartment (4C) model with UWW as a criterion for BV (4C-UWW). 4C-DXANickerson, 4C-DXAWilson and 4C-ADP were compared against 4C-UWW in the cross-validation sample. 4C-DXANickerson, 4C-DXAWilson and 4C-ADP all produced similar validity statistics when compared with 4C-UWW in Hispanic males (all P > 0·05). 4C-DXANickerson also yielded similar BF % and FFM values as 4C-UWW when evaluating the mean differences (constant error (CE)) in Hispanic females (CE = –0·79 % and 0·38 kg; P = 0·060 and 0·174, respectively). However, 4C-DXAWilson produced significantly different BF % and FFM values (CE = 3·22 % and –2·20 kg, respectively; both P < 0·001). Additionally, 4C-DXAWilson yielded significant proportional bias when estimating BF % (P < 0·001), whereas 4C-ADP produced significant proportional bias for BF % and FFM (both P < 0·05) when evaluated in Hispanic females. The present study findings demonstrate that 4C-DXANickerson is a valid measure of BV in Hispanics and is recommended for use in clinics, where DXA is the main body composition assessment technique.

Identification of Neuropsychological Deficit: Levels of Assessment

1994 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 1251-1255
Author(s):  
Arthur MacNeill Horton
Keyword(s):  
Neuropsychological Assessment ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Assessment Methods ◽  
Clinical Question ◽  
Technical Expertise ◽  
Neuropsychological Deficit ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Available Resources

A problem frequently confronting the clinical neuropsychologist is that of adjusting assessment methods to the clinical question asked and available resources of time and technical expertise. Suggestions are made for selecting clinical instruments for neuropsychological assessment at three levels, namely, screening, classification, and selection of treatment. Brief neuropsychological test batteries are proposed for each level.

The Word Memory Test and the Validity of Neuropsychological Test Scores

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 97-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Green ◽  
Paul R. Lees-Haley ◽  
Lyle M. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Test Scores ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Memory Test ◽  
Word Memory Test ◽  
Word Memory

Schizophrenia, Conduct Disorder and Depressive Disorder: Neuropsychological, Speech Sample and EEG Results

1983 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carole L. Selin ◽  
Louis A. Gottschalk
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Neuropsychological Impairment ◽  
Rhythm Perception ◽  
Category Test ◽  
Conduct Disordered ◽  
Test Use ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between degree of schizophrenia and neuropsychological impairment was investigated in 24 adolescent and adult hospitalized and non-hospitalized psychiatric patients with diagnoses of depressive disorder, conduct disorder, and schizophrenia. Schizophrenic adults and conduct disordered adolescents showed greater cognitive impairment than depressed patients on a neuropsychological test of rhythm perception and attention and showed greater frequency of EEG abnormality. Schizophrenics were differentiated from other groups by their impaired abstraction ability on the Halstead-Reitan Category Test. Use of these tests for prediction of adolescents at high risk for schizophrenia was discussed.

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