Interpersonal Behavior Constructs: A Revised Approach to Defining Dyadic Interaction Styles

1975 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 835-846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate L. Kogan ◽  
Betty N. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Intervention ◽  
Behavioral Change ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Interpersonal Behavior ◽  
Dyadic Interaction ◽  
Interaction Styles ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Research Studies

Methods for analyzing mother-child interactions which have been used in clinical and research studies over a 10-yr. period have been revised in the interests of greater economy and more precise clinical utility. This paper reports data to document the comparability of the old and new approaches, the reliability of the method when used by several observers, and the usefulness of the new instrument in delineating behavioral change before and after therapeutic intervention.

scholarly journals Shaping and Centering Ability, Cyclic Fatigue Resistance and Fractographic Analysis of Three Thermally Treated NiTi Endodontic Instrument Systems

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 5823
Author(s):  
Saulius Drukteinis ◽  
Vytaute Peciuliene ◽  
Ruta Bendinskaite ◽  
Vilma Brukiene ◽  
Rasmute Maneliene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Resistance ◽  
Cyclic Fatigue ◽  
Fractographic Analysis ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Topographic Features ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Number Of Cycles ◽  
Thermally Treated

The better understanding of the clinically important behavioral features of new instrument systems has an important significance for the clinical endodontics. This study aimed to investigate the shaping and centering ability as well as cyclic fatigue resistance of HyFlex CM (CM), HyFlex EDM (EDM) and EdgeFile (EF) thermally treated nickel–titanium (NiTi) endodontic instrument systems. Sixty curved root canals of the mesial roots of mandibular molars were randomly assigned into three groups (n = 20) and shaped using CM, EDM and EF files up to the size 40 and taper 04 of the instruments. µCT scanning of the specimens before and after preparation was performed and the morphometric 2D and 3D parameters were evaluated in the apical, middle and coronal thirds of root canals. In each group, 40.04 instruments (n = 20) were subjected to the cyclic fatigue resistance test in artificial root canals at 37 °C temperature until fractures occurred, and the number of cycles to failure (NCF) was calculated. The fractographic analysis was performed using a scanning electron microscope, evaluating topographic features and surface profiles of the separated instruments. The one-way analysis of variance with post hoc Tuckey’s test was used for statistical analysis of the data; the significance level was set at 5%. All systems prepared the comparable percentage of root canal surface with the similar magnitude of canal transportation in all root thirds (p > 0.05), but demonstrated significantly different resistance to cyclic fatigue (p < 0.05). The most resistant to fracture was EF, followed by EDM and CM. The length of the fractured fragments was not significantly different between the groups, and fractographic analysis by SEM detected the typical topographic features of separated thermally treated NiTi instrument surfaces.

Spouse Caregivers' Perceptions of Influence of Dementia on Marriage

2002 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulla Eloniemi-Sulkava ◽  
Irma-Leena Notkola ◽  
Kaija Hämäläinen ◽  
Terhi Rahkonen ◽  
Petteri Viramo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Change ◽  
Intervention Study ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Spouse Caregivers ◽  
Dementing Illness ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Patients Experience

Objectives: To investigate what kind of changes spouse caregivers of demented patients experience after the onset of dementia (a) in the general atmosphere, happiness, and relations of marriage and (b) in the sexual side of marriage. Design: Semistructured telephone interviews of spouse caregivers of demented patients. Setting: Community-living demented patients and their spouse caregivers in eastern Finland. Participants: The spouse caregivers of 42 demented patients recruited from a previous intervention study. Measures: The questionnaire covered different areas of marriage from the time before and after the onset of dementia. Results: A statistically significant decline had occured in extent of happiness (p = .012), in equal relations (p = .001), and in patients' expressions of sexual needs (p < .001) when compared the time before and after dementia. Twenty-five (60%) of the caregivers reported that the demented patient had shown at least one negative sexual behavioral change during the course of dementia. Seven male patients (24%) had shown the behavioral symptom of constantly expressing need for making love. One in 10 caregivers had experienced positive sexual behavioral changes. In one third of the patients, the expressions of tenderness towards the caregiver had increased. Dementia did not affect significantly the general atmosphere of the marriage. Out of those still in home care, at 3 years from the onset of dementia, 19 couples (46%) continued to practice intercourse, at 5 years the number was 15 couples (41%), and at 7 years it had declined to 7 couples (28%). Conclusions: Dementing illness has a major negative impact on many dimensions of marriage. However, there are also positive changes and preserved aspects of marriage. Dementia seems to have a surprisingly little impact on whether the couple continues to have intercourse when compared with the general aging population.

Use of a Wheel Aesthesiometer for Testing Sensibility in the Hand Results in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome

1986 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-186
Author(s):  
D. R. MARSH
Keyword(s):  
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ◽  
Carpal Tunnel ◽  
Surgical Decompression ◽  
Spatial Discrimination ◽  
Sensory Impairment ◽  
Discrimination Test ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Tunnel Syndrome

Tests of spatial discrimination were performed on the hands of patients with carpal tunnel syndrome, before and after surgical decompression. Impairment of sensibility and its recovery after treatment were better demonstrated by a new instrument, the wheel aesthesiometer, than by the moving two-point discrimination test. The psychophysics of the new test and the nature of the sensory impairment in carpal tunnel syndrome are discussed.

Bad Tests Die Slowly: The Myelin Basic Protein Example

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-141
Author(s):  
Lisa M Johnson ◽  
Sandra K White ◽  
Dina N Greene ◽  
Robert L Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Myelin Basic Protein ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Basic Protein ◽  
Practice Variation ◽  
Oligoclonal Bands ◽  
Reference Laboratory ◽  
Variation Analysis ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Medium Strength ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Background Our national reference laboratory sought to improve stewardship for multiple sclerosis (MS) testing, which included orders for myelin basic protein (MBP) and oligoclonal bands (OCB). From 2011 to 2012, we performed 2 interventions for MS testing: one gentle-strength intervention of a publication designed to educate others about the lack of utility for MBP results and a second medium-strength intervention that included removal of MBP from the panel of MS tests. The ordering trends and practice variation were examined for OCB and MBP to retrospectively observe the effect of the interventions. Methods Data from clients within academic and community hospitals were examined (n = 1710 clients). Ordering patterns for OCB and MBP were investigated from 2008 to 2018 by calculating the %OCB: %OCB = (OCB)/(OCB + MBP). Practice variation was examined by comparing the distribution of clients with different %OCB statistics before and after the interventions in 5-year blocks (2008–2012 vs 2014–2018). Results From 2000 to 2011, the %OCB was approximately 50%, but gradually increased to 67% in 2018. For practice variation, analysis of the distribution of clients by %OCB also demonstrated a shift toward clients favoring OCB alone vs OCB + MBP for MS testing for the later time period of 2014–2018. Conclusion Our 2 interventions had a measurable, beneficial effect on ordering trends for MS testing over a 10-year period at a single reference laboratory. However, given that MBP has questionable clinical utility, stronger interventions are likely needed to bring about larger changes in ordering behavior.

Hardware Design of a New Instrument to Control the Heat Pulse and Measure the Temperature of Stratum

2012 ◽  
Vol 614-615 ◽  
pp. 1422-1426
Author(s):  
Cang Xu Feng ◽  
Zhen Shui Liu ◽  
Xiao Cui
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Rate ◽  
Data Communication ◽  
Heat Pulse ◽  
Heating Time ◽  
Geothermal Heat ◽  
Communication Interface ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Temperature Measure ◽  
Duty Time

In this work, we report the design of a new instrument including one heat pulse circuit and three temperature measure circuits. Heat pulse control circuit can control the heating time of heater strip. The heating power is 0.5W and the duty time of every heat pulse is 8s. Three temperature measure circuits can measure the change of stratum’s temperature before and after accurately. The temperature resolution is 0.001°C, precision is 0.01°C and sampling rate is 1 Hz. The instrument can save the temperature data for every measure process. It is also provided with the data communication interface. The data saved in the instrument can export to computer through the interface. The instrument can measure the stratum’s temperature easily and reliably. The instrument will play a role in the studies of hydrogeology and environmental geology besides the application of Shallow Geothermal heat

scholarly journals Stochastic Model for In-Host HIV Dynamics with Therapeutic Intervention

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waema R. Mbogo ◽  
Livingstone S. Luboobi ◽  
John W. Odhiambo
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Intervention ◽  
Probability Generating Function ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Drug Efficacy ◽  
Undetectable Viral Load ◽  
Stochastic Approach ◽  
Intracellular Delay ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Moment

Untangling the dynamics between HIV and CD4 cellular populations and molecular interactions can be used to investigate the effective points of interventions in the HIV life cycle. With that in mind, we propose and show the usefulness of a stochastic approach towards modeling HIV and CD4 cells’ dynamics in vivo by obtaining probability generating function, the moment structures of the healthy CD4 cell and the virus particles at any time t, and the probability of HIV clearance. The unique feature is that both therapy and the intracellular delay are incorporated into the model. Our analysis shows that, when it is assumed that the drug is not completely effective as is the case of HIV in vivo, the probability of HIV clearance depends on two factors: the combination of drug efficacy and length of the intracellular delay and also the education of the infected patients. Comparing simulated data before and after treatment indicates the importance of combined therapeutic intervention and intracellular delay in having low, undetectable viral load in HIV-infected person.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Meteorological Observations from South Pole Station before and after Installation of a New Instrument Suite

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 1605-1613 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Keller ◽  
K. A. Baker ◽  
M. A. Lazzara ◽  
J. Gallagher
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
South Pole ◽  
Flow Distortion ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Clean Air ◽  
New Instrumentation ◽  
Meteorological Observations ◽  
Pole Surface

Abstract The Amundsen–Scott South Pole surface meteorological instrument suite was upgraded in 2004. To ensure that the new and old instruments were recording similar information, the two suites of instruments ran simultaneously for a year. Statistical analysis of the time series of temperature, pressure, and wind was performed to determine if there were any significant differences in the observations. Significant differences were found in some of the winter months for temperature and wind speed. No differences were found for the wind direction distribution. There are also noticeable differences in wind speed between the Clean Air platform near the Clean Air facility and the platform at the approach end of the skiway. Wind speeds are lower at the skiway tower when the wind is from the northeast quadrant and at the Clean Air tower when the wind is from the southwest quadrant, reflecting the effect of increased surface roughness and flow distortion over and around the station structures. Because of a change in elevation of the pressure sensor, the pressure data were recalculated at a common station elevation (2836 m). Although the resulting differences are small (around 0.1 hPa), there is a systematic sign change between summer and winter. The results of this analysis, while revealing some significant differences, show that the new instrumentation at South Pole station is generally reporting observations that are similar to those of the old instrumentation, and most of the differences are within the accuracy of the instruments. However, the instrument placement and construction of official aviation routine weather reports (METARs) do have an impact on the usefulness of the data for research.

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