DEVELOPING REAL-TIME FACE MASK DETECTION WITH FACIAL TEMPERATURE MEASURE FOR COVID-19 INDOOR MONITORING SYSTEM

The coronavirus (COVID-19) is the latest pandemic that hit human health in 2019. Wear a face mask in public areas to decrease the spread of the coronavirus. This work presents real-time face mask detection with facial temperature measures for the COVID-19 indoor monitoring system. Detecting people using ultrasonic sensors, face mask detection, and facial temperature measure using Grid-Eye Sensor are three modules applied in the proposed system. We also evaluated the proposed monitoring system in the real environment and confirmed the accuracy of 98.8% of mask detection.

Emerging Technology Amendment Study in Smart Agro Farming to Diagnose the Agro Product Diseases

Environmental habitation and ecosystem management are some vital issues for agro-farming. Smart monitoring of the agricultural activities is the major issue in recent years due to a range of factors including diseases growing, environmental changes, product promotion and distributions, and the apparent onset of global warming. With the advancement of new computing technologies in agricultural sectors, the smart agro farming has evolved in order to diagnose the agro product diseases, measure the moisture in the soil, measure the soil and environment temperature, measure fertilizers and pesticides, web-based product promotion and distribution, and others. The major problem is to address is the lack of the most appropriate agriculture inputs to continue the smart production activities. These inputs include farm equipment, seeds, planting materials, and livestock. Soil identification and classification are also the major factors in order to select the production of a particular crop for a specific soil type.

Employing Keyed Hash Algorithm, Sequential Probability Ratio Test, and Temperature Comparison Test as Security Against Node Capture Attacks of IoT-Based WSNs

The emergence of IoT opened new opportunities for development in various fields. With all the information that it gathers, it became an interesting target for multiple attackers. Thus, this study will enforce security solutions to IoT-based devices specifically in the perception layer by incorporating a Temperature Comparison Test, Keyed Hash Algorithm and evaluating it using SPRT especially in the defense against malicious activities detected in the nodes of a network namely for Mobile and Immobile attacks. For immobile attacks, using the keyed hash algorithm and the SPRT, the hash key of the passcodes was compared to determine the safety of the nodes. Hence, from the functionality test that was conducted, and evaluating the data gathered using SPRT and Bernoulli’s equation, the reliability of the protocol to detect Immobile attacks is concluded to have a 100% detection rate. For mobile node attacks, the study assumes the environment to be under normal, warm, and cold room temperatures. where both mobile and without mobile attack is simulated, the result shows that there is only an overall 3% difference from the temperature measure by the sensor to the ambient temperature. Hence, combining these protocols that are applied in the study eliminates the single points of failure in the nodes that are either applicable only to a distributed scheme or mobility support, the study also compared the tested protocol to the other existing protocols.

Temperature Profile Assessment of Sub-Bituminous Coal by Using a Single Burner Combustion Test Facility

This paper presents a thermogravimetric analysis and combustion test for different coals used in a coal-fired power plant in Malaysia. The main objective is to investigate the suitability of adopting a newly-introduced sub-bituminuous coal in an existing boiler furnace commonly firing standard design coals. In order to ensure that the new coal will not give an adverse effect to the boiler, detail analytical and thermal performance of the new coal is investigated, together with design and other limiting coals. The combustion test was performed in a scaled down, 150kW, single swirl burner combustion test facility available in TNB Research Sdn. Bhd. In the study, combustion gas temperature at different sectors downstream of burner region is measured to determine the peak temperature for all tested coals. Based on the investigation, it was noted that coal with the highest fixed carbon content gives the highest temperature measure at all sectors. Similarly, coal with the lowest fixed carbon gives the lowest temperature. The temperature profile for the newly tested coal was found to be comparable to the design and limiting value coals. Even though it was observed that the temperature given by the new coal is the highest slightly downstream of the burner, the temperature was observed to be decreases as combustion gas flow downstream of the combustor rig. Based on the observation it can be said that the new coal is suitable to be used by the existing boiler furnace.

Relativistic SZ temperature scaling relations of groups and clusters derived from the BAHAMAS and MACSIS simulations

ABSTRACT The Sunyaev–Zeldovich (SZ) effect has long been recognized as a powerful cosmological probe. Using the BAHAMAS and MACSIS simulations to obtain ${\gt }10\, 000$ simulated galaxy groups and clusters, we compute three temperature measures and quantify the differences between them. The first measure is related to the X-ray emission of the cluster, while the second describes the non-relativistic thermal SZ (tSZ) effect. The third measure determines the lowest order relativistic correction to the tSZ signal, which is seeing increased observational relevance. Our procedure allows us to accurately model the relativistic SZ (rSZ) contribution and we show that a ${\gtrsim}10\!-\!40{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ underestimation of this rSZ cluster temperature is expected when applying standard X-ray relations. The correction also exhibits significant mass and redshift evolution, as we demonstrate here. We present the mass dependence of each temperature measure alongside their profiles and a short analysis of the temperature dispersion as derived from the aforementioned simulations. We also discuss a new relation connecting the temperature and Compton-y parameter, which can be directly used for rSZ modelling. Simple fits to the obtained scaling relations and profiles are provided. These should be useful for future studies of the rSZ effect and its relevance to cluster cosmology.

Smart irrigation using WSN based on IOT

To set right the usage of water for crops of agriculture an automated irrigation system has been implemented. A moisture soil sensor; and a temperature measure sensor which is called as network of the distributed wireless is used at base of the plant. Along with these, we implemented a gateway unit. which gathers information and regulate it and by activating the triggers actuators, it can send and receive the transmits data to and from the web application. I proposed the algorithm which having the temperature and soil moisture threshold values that embedded in a gate way based on micro controller. It implemented panels of the photovoltaic; and having a duplex communication link; and works with the interface i.e. cellular-Internet which offers that data inspection & irrigation timing. All this can be programmed by using a web page. Implemented automated Crop water saving system tested for 136 days in sage crop field. It can be saved 90% water compared to others. The main 3 advantages of this automated system make it place successfully in any place for 18 months. As it is energy self-rule, cost less, so it can be efficiently useful in limited water geographical lands.

Valve Body Thermal Stress Control While Warming Up

Quasi-stationary theory is applied to a simplified one-dimensional solid to work out warm-up thermal stress [1]. This paper verifies the quasi-stationary state exits in the three-dimensional valve body warm-up process, and the relationship of the thermal stress and the temperature difference is similar. Dynamic analysis of warming-up at constant temperature increasing speed shows that: the ratio of the thermal stresses and the temperature difference gets the max value at the quasi-stationary state. The ratio is not influenced by the surface heat transfer coefficient, the material thermal diffusion coefficient and the temperature raise speed. It is a safety way to estimate the thermal stresses by temperature difference multiplied by this max ratio value. For quasi-stationary, once the temperature measure points be located, the ratio between stresses of any selected point and temperature difference is fixed. Where to set the measure points is unlimited, and the mean metal temperature, which is not easy to get, may not be applied anymore.