Distant Interpersonal Spacing and Psychological Distance

1980 ◽  
Vol 46 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1299-1303 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Guthrie Ford ◽  
Sara Hoebeke
Keyword(s):  
Personal Space ◽  
Psychological Distance ◽  
Cognitive Distance ◽  
Actual Distance ◽  
Close Spacing ◽  
Social Spacing ◽  
Distance Model ◽  
Experiential State

A recent line of research in the personal space area addresses the subject's experiential state of social spacing. One such study has reported that under close spacing, subjects experience the distance as significantly closer than the actual distance. This paper investigated the phenomenology of distant spacing. Females were moved beyond their preferred distance to another person and their judgments of the distant spacing were measured. Such a condition led to a significant overestimation of the actual personal space. The deductive base for this research was sensory-tonic theory, and the results were discussed within a cognitive-distance model of interpersonal spacing.

scholarly journals Research on Safety Lane Change Warning Method Based on Potential Angle Collision Point

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Tongqiang Ding ◽  
Xiaorong Li ◽  
Lili Zheng ◽  
Zhiguo Hao
Keyword(s):  
Early Warning ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Warning Signal ◽  
Video Data ◽  
Active Safety ◽  
Lane Change ◽  
Actual Distance ◽  
Safety Distance ◽  
Distance Model

In order to ensure safe lane change and avoid traffic accidents, an effective lane change assist system is required. In a lane change assist system, it is very important to obtain the following elements in time, such as actual distance between vehicles, minimum safety distance, and warning signal. To this end, this paper analyzed four kinds of lane change angle collision scenes. Initial position, initial velocity, acceleration, heading angle, and kinematics of vehicles were used to calculate the position of potential angle collision points between lane change vehicle and obstacle vehicles. Then, actual distance model was constructed based on potential angular collision points. The minimum safety distance model was also established under the two most unfavorable conditions. In order to achieve the lane change warning, three early warning rules were formulated. We verified the validity of models and early warning rules using vehicle driving video data of Interstate 80 in California. Models and early warning rules constructed in our research can be applied to the advanced active safety systems of vehicle, such as vehicle lane change assist system and active collision early warning system, which can improve the active safety and reduce traffic accidents.

scholarly journals Encouraging Individuals to Adapt to Climate Change: Relations between Coping Strategies and Psychological Distance

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 992
Author(s):  
Mary Guillard ◽  
Ghozlane Fleury-Bahi ◽  
Oscar Navarro
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Psychological Distance ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Change Strategies ◽  
Path Analyses ◽  
Distance Model ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Awareness Raising ◽  
The One

Experts agree that the environmental situation in relation to climate change requires that populations mobilize. In this respect, research on psychological distance shows that the fact of perceiving an event as concrete leads individuals to adapt to this environmental issue. The first aim of this research study is to identify the different types of environmental coping as regards climate change. The second objective is to study the relations between psychological distance relative to climate change and environmental coping strategies via a quasi-experimental protocol. In order to do this, 345 participants were assigned to a group where climate change was presented as more or less distant from a spatial, temporal, social or hypothetical point of view. On the one hand, the results enable the identification of two second-order factors regarding coping strategies in relation to climate change: Strategies centered on accepting climate change and those centered on minimizing its gravity. On the other hand, covariance analyses and path analyses show that, in general, a small psychological distance in relation to climate change is likely to be associated with more strategies centered on accepting climate change and fewer strategies focused on minimizing its gravity. This study leads us to ponder the pertinence of considering the psychological distance model, notably during awareness-raising campaigns.

Commentaries and Rejoinder on

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Gong ◽  
Douglas L. Medin ◽  
Tal Eyal ◽  
Nira Liberman ◽  
Yaacov Trope ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moral Judgment ◽  
Psychological Distance ◽  
Temporal Distance ◽  
Moral Cognition ◽  
Cultural Systems ◽  
Moral Condemnation ◽  
Construal Levels

In the hope to resolve the two sets of opposing results concerning the effects of psychological distance and construal levels on moral judgment, Žeželj and Jokić (2014) conducted a series of four direct replications, which yielded divergent patterns of results. In our commentary, we first revisit the consistent findings that lower-level construals induced by How/Why manipulation lead to harsher moral condemnation than higher-level construals. We then speculate on the puzzling patterns of results regarding the role of temporal distance in shaping moral judgment. And we conclude by discussing the complexity of morality and propose that it may be important to incorporate cultural systems into the study of moral cognition.

Replication of Experiments Evaluating Impact of Psychological Distance on Moral Judgment

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris L. Žeželj ◽  
Biljana R. Jokić
Keyword(s):  
Moral Judgment ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Psychological Distance ◽  
Temporal Distance ◽  
Construal Level ◽  
Systematic Effect ◽  
Replication Studies ◽  
Opposite Conclusion ◽  
Moral Transgressions ◽  
Replication Of Experiments

Eyal, Liberman, and Trope (2008) established that people judged moral transgressions more harshly and virtuous acts more positively when the acts were psychologically distant than close. In a series of conceptual and direct replications, Gong and Medin (2012) came to the opposite conclusion. Attempting to resolve these inconsistencies, we conducted four high-powered replication studies in which we varied temporal distance (Studies 1 and 3), social distance (Study 2) or construal level (Study 4), and registered their impact on moral judgment. We found no systematic effect of temporal distance, the effect of social distance consistent with Eyal et al., and the reversed effect of direct construal level manipulation, consistent with Gong and Medin. Possible explanations for the incompatible results are discussed.

Effects of Social Psychological Distance on Attitude-Behavior Relations with Speculations on Integration and Separatism

1969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Kelman ◽  
Mary E. Collins ◽  
Ira J. Firestone ◽  
Martin Fishbein ◽  
Kalman J. Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distance ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Attitude Behavior
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