Research into the Safe Distance for Opening a Car Door in Order to Avoid Approaching Motorcycles from the Rear

Car drivers may misjudge the speed and distance of oncoming vehicles when getting out of their vehicles, leading to door crash accidents. The author invented a patented side-view mirror with distance markers to prevent such door crash accidents. Through the means of behavioural observation experiments, the main objective of this research was to observe the minimum safe distance from the rear of an approaching vehicle when opening the door of the car. The experimental results determined that the use of the Dutch Reach method yielded the shortest safe distance. Compared to the other three judgment solutions, the use of the patented side-view mirror with a distance marker to judge the minimum average safety distance had the longest distance and was the safest, meaning that it is able to help female drivers to judge the distance of approaching motorcycles from the rear and to maintain a sufficient safe distance when opening the door.

Training Program Analysis for Incidents in Hydrogen Refueling Stations

As the number of hydrogen refueling stations has increased rapidly in recent times, evaluating their incident training programs for first responders, has gained importance. In this study, the Delphi method was used for investigating the training programs, and the importance of the consensus programs was analyzed using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP). Location and operating methods of the emergency shutdown devices, safety distance, and response procedures depending on the hydrogen refueling station and hydrogen vehicle, were deduced. The results reveal that the training regarding emergency shutdown devices is the most important, followed by the one regarding safety distance. Quantitative analysis with regard to the training programs for hydrogen refueling stations can improve the response capability of first responders.

Numerical analysis of safety distances of reinforced concrete structures subjected to blast loading by Perform-3D

Purpose The purpose of this study is to develop the performance model of buildings designed by the seismic code 2800 against the explosion wave and determination of safety distance. Design/methodology/approach Analytical models of three-, five- and ten story structures that used moment frame system and also a ten-storey building with shaer wall designed based on the seismic code 2800 in term of design and nonlinear analysis were generated for use with Perform-3D software. Extensive parametric analysis is executed on different explosive loads with 100, 500, 1,000 and 5,000 Trinitrotoluene, soil types 2 and 3, models eqs and eqbs, the number of story buildings and the effect of shear wall to determine the safety distance based on collapse threshold performance (CP) level criterion. Findings The results indicate that by increasing the explosives mass from 100 to 5,000 kg and the number of the stories three and five induce increasing the safety distance of CP level in buildings to 4.5 meter and 3 meter times, respectively. Ten-story structures modeled on shear wall show very good performance because of stiffness rising and high energy absorption. In addition, by increasing the stories from five to ten, the amount of the safety distance reduces the CP level to 3.9 meter times. Originality/value The results of this work are meaningful for explosion-resistant design and damage assessments of reinforced concrete moment framed structures subjected to explosive explosion.

Special Vehicles to Prevent Touching High-voltage Lines Monitoring and Warning Device

Domestic regional special vehicles and construction personnel high-voltage electrocution accidents always occur, resulting in large-scale equipment and socio-economic losses. Based on this, in order to effectively reduce special vehicles touching high-voltage lines causing safety accidents, this paper researches and designs a safety monitoring and warning device for special vehicles touching high-voltage lines, mainly including sensor monitoring templates, signal transmission templates and monitoring and warning alert templates, through the decoding of different template principles, combined with electric field induction and wireless transmission principles, the safety distance of high-voltage lines is relevant to explore, then when Special vehicle objects into the safety distance threshold, that is, to start the information monitoring alarm, to remind the construction of special vehicle equipment and personnel away from electrocution, to ensure safe production. Through the monitoring and warning device, the rationalization, economy and safety of high-voltage line can be achieved.

Vehicle Door Opening Control Model Based on a Fuzzy Inference System to Prevent Motorcycle–Vehicle Door Crashes

The goal of this research is to develop a fuzzy logic-based vehicle door control system to avoid motorcycle–vehicle door crash accidents. Accidents of this nature usually occur when the driver has parked the car, opens the door getting out of the car and collides with a motorcycle approaching from the rear, causing injury to the motorcyclist. In order to prevent such accidents, the fuzzy logic control system inputs the speed (MS) and safety distance (SD) of the motorcycle approaching from the rear, and then the fuzzy inference unit (FIU) calculates the clear output (Crisp) defuzzification Vehicle Door Opening Model (VDOM) value for the central locking system of the car, which can be used to trigger three modes, namely Danger Mode, Caution Mode and Warning Mode. In this study, the VDOM system is designed to trigger reasonable, reliable and consistent door control under different speeds of motorcycles coming from the rear and will be effectively applied to the door control of semi-automatic cars in the future.

Safety Performance Enhancement Scheme for Munition Storages by applying the Concept of Shallow Underground Configurations

Practical demand for the expansion of military ammunition and explosives storage in both volume and number has been increased, but due to the regulations applying on safety distance that require those facilities to be isolated from a civilian presence there are constant complications that arise. Recent incidents include petitions to either alleviate said regulations or relocate several ammunition storage facilities neighboring civilian areas are further development. Two types of underground ammunition storage facilities wold be considered in practice; the first is the tunnel-type which is applicable to areas that have sufficient depth of the cover and the latter is the sub-surface type that retains a sufficient depth of soli layer which can especially be utilized in areas that do not meet clearance requirements nor have geographical limitations. For the sub-surface type storage, there are two construction schemes for construction to meet safety-distance requirements. The existing popular ECMs (Earth Covered Magazines) have shallow soil cover for just plantation camouflage that is not affect the pressure suppression effect due to the internal explosion. Therefore, the scheme of the increasing soil cover depth to some amount, if applicable, pressure and fragment suppression can be achieved. The open-cut method for new construction is easily applied for this purpose in the field. This study addresses the safety distance reduction effect by increasing the soil cover depth on the ECM type storage facility by applying theoretical and numerical analysis.

Suggestive Sound Design - How to use Active Interior Sound Design to improve traffic safety

Active sound design becomes an important addition to the newest generation of premium class electrical vehicles to enhance the emotionality of the driving experience. Musicological research indicates that emotions are altered by certain harmonic sets of pitches, whereas results in traffic psychology show that emotions can influence the driving behavior. Despite these findings, there is no research done on how changes to an active vehicle sound could influence the driving behavior. In this paper, we describe an approach for a suggestive sound design. It's based on the hypothesis, that the chosen safety distance by a driver could be altered by changing the inherent dissonance of an active interior vehicle sound based on the current safety distance. The suggestive sound design is based on an additive synthesizer utilizing the Shepard-Risset glissando. The sound can be controlled by external signals e.g. CAN signals from real or virtual vehicles. To verify this hypothesis, a driving simulator was built in which the driving experience with a suggestive sound and the resulting driving behavior can be validated through subject studies within an immersive and reproducible virtual reality environment. The research aims at improving road safety by influencing the driver through changes in the interior vehicle sound.