Validating the Street Survival Skills Questionnaire

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances Janniro ◽  
Gary L. Sapp ◽  
Maxie P. Kohler
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Adaptive Behavior ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Narrow Scope ◽  
Survey Form ◽  
Survival Skills ◽  
Street Survival ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Composite Scores ◽  
Domain Scores

The utility of the Street Survival Skills Questionnaire was investigated using a sample of 18 trainable mentally retarded males attending public schools. Pearson product-moment correlations were computed among the total scores, four standard scores on the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale—Survey Form, and three Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children—Revised IQs. The Street Skills scores correlated significantly with Vineland Daily Living scores and WISC—R Full Scale and Performance IQs; however, nonsignificant relationships were obtained with WISC—R Verbal IQs, Vineland Composite scores, Communication Domain scores, and Socialization Domain scores. The use of the questionnaire in assessment of adaptive behavior was supported but within a narrow scope, i.e., daily or functional living knowledge.

Relationship between Wais—R Intelligence and the Five-Factor Model of Personality in a Normal Elderly Sample

2003 ◽  
Vol 92 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1151-1161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aristide Saggino ◽  
Michela Balsamo
Keyword(s):  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Neo Personality Inventory ◽  
Nonclinical Sample ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence ◽  
Intelligence Scores

The present study examined associations between Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale–Revised (WAIS–R) scores and the five-factor model of personality, as measured by the Revised NEO Personality Inventory. Both tests were administered to a nonclinical sample of 100 Italian subjects 75 years and older. Analysis showed that the NEO-PI–R Openness to Experience domain was a weak but the best predictor of the three WAIS–R intelligence scores (Total, Verbal, and Performance). Were such a relationship confirmed by further investigations, Openness could be interpreted as a factor which might mitigate intellectual impoverishment which accompanies the normal aging process.

Stress-induced analgesia: adaptive pain suppression

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 1091-1120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Amit ◽  
Z. H. Galina
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Behavior ◽  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Biological Significance ◽  
Learning Motivation ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Integral Role ◽  
Reduction Of Pain ◽  
Functional Advantage ◽  
And Performance

In this paper we have examined the phenomenon of stress-induced analgesia. We have described the procedures used to measure analgesia and have suggested that the tests can be designed not only to indicate changes in pain threshold but also to allow for the determination of the capacity to execute adaptive behavior. Aside from enabling the analysis of responses, tests that induce reflexive as well as nonreflexive behavior may have the capacity to separate the more complex aspects of pain such as the possible presence of two components of pain, sensory/discriminative and motivational/affective. These components may be of fundamental importance for any attempt to understand the biological significance of SIA. Our examination of the neurotransmitter and neuropeptide systems has revealed that they are affected by the same manipulations that induce SIA. These amines and perhaps peptides play an integral role in learning, motivation, and performance. We conclude that the functional advantage of a reduction of pain during stressful situations is significant because it allows the animal to react in threatening and perhaps critical situations as if there were no pain. Once the pain system is inhibited, other systems modulate and mediate adaptive responses that expedite the survival of the animal.

Impact of tobacco and alcohol use on HRQOL in patients with advanced head and neck cancer: Results from a community oncology database.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e17512-e17512
Author(s):  
Maxine D. Fisher ◽  
Ancilla Fernandes ◽  
Temitope O Olufade ◽  
Paul J. Miller ◽  
Mark Stephen Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Community Oncology ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Composite Scores ◽  
Over Time

e17512 Background:Tobacco and heavy alcohol use are important risk factors for head and neck (H&N) cancer. H&N cancer may affect activities of daily life (eg, eating, drinking, swallowing), and can be debilitating to health-related quality of life (HRQOL). This study reports HRQOL findings for patients (pts) with advanced H&N cancer eligible for systemic treatment in multimodality or palliative care. Methods:Medical records from pts diagnosed 1/1/2007–10/1/2015 with stage III–IVc H&N cancer and ≥1 disease progression were retrospectively collected from 10 US community oncology practices. We evaluated specific items and composite measures (physical symptoms, treatment effects, distress, despair, ambulation, and performance) with the Patient Care Monitor (PCM), an 86-item pt-recorded outcomes survey. Linear mixed models (LMM) assessed prespecified effects (eg smoking, alcohol use) and change over time across 2 lines of therapy. Results: The study included 462 pts (median age, 61 y; range, 26–99 y). Of these, 81% were male, 77% white, and 21% African American. The most common tumor locations were hypopharynx/larynx (31.1%) and oropharynx (30.9%). Overall, 41.8% of pts were current tobacco users and 22.3% were current or past alcohol abusers/excessive users. No significant difference was observed for receipt of surgery or radiation therapy in the first or second line for either alcohol or tobacco use. Approximately 1240 PCM surveys were collected from 146 pts. LMM showed effects for past tobacco use vs never/undocumented use for sore throat (1.31), dry mouth (1.46), and changes in taste (1.57); P< 0.05. Effects were seen for alcohol use for increased trouble swallowing (1.87; P= 0.01) among current or past abusers/excessive vs never/undocumented users. LMM showed no impacts of tumor location. Models of composite scores showed that after progression, worsening was seen over time for despair (0.57; P= 0.03), impaired ambulation (0.81; P= 0.05) and performance (0.66; P= 0.05). Conclusions: The study showed smoking and alcohol use were associated with worsening clinical symptoms in pts with advanced H&N cancer. Certain composite scores for symptom burden also worsened with progression.

Creaming Versus Cropping: Charter School Enrollment Practices in Response to Market Incentives

2002 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie Lacireno-Paquet ◽  
Thomas T. Holyoke ◽  
Michele Moser ◽  
Jeffrey R. Henig
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
School Choice ◽  
Charter Schools ◽  
School Enrollment ◽  
Washington Dc ◽  
Public School Systems ◽  
Special Education Needs ◽  
Cream Skimming ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Student Composition

Proponents of school choice present market-based competition as a means of leveling disparities between race, class and performance in public school systems. Opponents see school choice as threatening to exacerbate this problem because competition for students will pressure individual schools into targeting students with the highest performance and the least encumbered with personal and social disadvantages. We suggest that some charter schools, by background and affiliation, are likely to be more market-oriented in their behavior than others, and test the proposition that market-oriented charter schools engage in cream-skimming while others disproportionately serve highly disadvantaged students. Comparing student composition in market-oriented charter schools, nonmarket-oriented charter schools, and traditional public schools in Washington, DC, we find little evidence that market-oriented charters are focusing on an elite clientele, but they are less likely than the other two types of schools to serve some high need populations. Rather than skimming the cream off the top of the potential student population, market-oriented charter schools may be “cropping off” service to students whose language or special education needs make them more costly to educate.

Obtaining Factor Scores on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale

1960 ◽  
Vol 106 (444) ◽  
pp. 1060-1062 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Maxwell
Keyword(s):  
Factor Scores ◽  
Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale ◽  
Adult Intelligence ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Wechsler Adult Intelligence ◽  
Arbitrary Fashion

ProblemElsewhere (3) it has been argued that, when reporting a subject's results on the WISC (5), it is preferable to give them in the form of scores or intelligence quotients on orthogonal factors than as Verbal and Performance I.Q.s since the latter overlap in a rather arbitrary fashion. In this study a similar recommendation is implied when dealing with a subject's results on the WAIS (6) and the problem is to indicate how factor scores on this test can be obtained.

Effects of Chronotype and Synchrony/Asynchrony on Creativity

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolin Roeser ◽  
Korbinian Riepl ◽  
Christoph Randler ◽  
Andrea Kübler
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Linear Regression Model ◽  
Testing Time ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Composite Scale ◽  
Creative Solutions ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Composite Scores ◽  
The Relationship

Individual differences in morningness/eveningness are associated with measures of personality and performance. Yet, little is known about the relationship between morningness/eveningness and creativity. We tested N = 163 participants in the morning or in the evening, using the Composite Scale of Morningness and subtests of the Berlin Model of Intelligence Structure (BIS) Test to measure creativity. Creativity composite scores were derived for fluidity, that is the number of responses, and flexibility, that is the diversity of responses. Morningness was significantly associated with higher fluidity scores. Flexibility scores were positively, but not significantly related to morningness. We observed no significant effects of testing time or synchrony/asynchrony. In a linear regression model, older age, female sex, and higher morningness preference significantly predicted fluidity, indicating that morning types produce more creative solutions than evening-orientated individuals, independent of time of testing. Future studies should aim at replicating this result in larger samples and across other measures of creativity.

Vineland-3 Structural Validity and Interpretability of Domain Scores: Implications for Practitioners Assessing Adolescents With Developmental Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-229
Author(s):  
Vincent Pandolfi ◽  
Caroline I. Magyar
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Behavior ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Adaptive Performance ◽  
Structural Validity ◽  
Assessment Protocol ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Multimethod Assessment ◽  
Developmental Conditions ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Domain Scores

Abstract The Vineland-3 purports to measure three dimensions of adaptive behavior, but empirical evidence pertaining to its structural validity is lacking. In this study, factor analyses were conducted on the standardization sample data for the comprehensive forms within the 11- to 20-year-old age range. Results did not support the three domain structure of the test and indicated domain scores did not add additional information about an individual's adaptive performance that was not already accounted for by the Adaptive Behavior Composite (ABC) score alone. Practitioners assessing adolescents with developmental conditions should consider using the ABC score within a multimethod assessment protocol for the various purposes of adaptive behavior assessment including the identification of intellectual disability.

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