Evidence for an Association between Gender-Role Identity and a Measure of Executive Function

2002 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill M. Norvilitis ◽  
Howard M. Reid
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Role Identity ◽  
Gender Role Identity ◽  
Bem Sex Role Inventory ◽  
Biological Sex ◽  
The Relationship

Two studies assessed the relation between gender role and executive function. In Study One ( N = 234) analyses indicated that among college students executive function, assessed by the Coolidge and Griego scale, is related to masculine gender-role classification, measured by the Bem Sex-role Inventory. This relationship remained significant when biological sex was controlled. Further, factor analysis of the Bem Sex-role Inventory identified six components, three related to executive function. Two of these scales were associated with masculine characteristics, and the third was associated with the denial of several feminine items. Study Two ( N = 55) further assessed the relationship among undergraduates through additional measures of executive functions and mood, in addition to the Bem Sex-role Inventory. In this study, executive functioning, as measured by the Coolidge and Griego scale, was again generally related to masculinity. Psychological well-being was not related to gender identity or executive functioning.

Relationship between Parenting Styles and Gender Role Identity in College Students

2014 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 250-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Ching Lin ◽  
Robert E. Billingham
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Role Identity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Gender Role Identity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between perceived parenting styles and gender role identity was examined in college students. 230 undergraduate students (48 men, 182 women; 18–23 years old) responded to the Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ) and the Bern Sex-Role Inventory (BSRI). The hypothesis was that parenting styles (authoritarian, authoritative, and permissive for both fathers and mothers) would be significantly associated with gender role identity (undifferentiated, feminine, masculine, and androgynous) of college students, specifically whether authoritative parenting styles associated with androgyny. To account for differences in sex on gender role identity or parenting styles, sex was included as a factor. The pattern of the difference in identity groups was similar for males and females. There were significant differences in parenting styles between gender role groups. Maternal and paternal authoritativeness correlated with participants' femininity, and for both parents, the relationship was observed to be stronger in males than females; paternal authoritativeness was significantly associated with androgyny. Future research based on these results should investigate how the findings relate to children's psychological well-being and behavioral outcomes.

GENDER, GENDER ROLES AND ATTITUDES TOWARDS VIOLENCE: ARE VIEWPOINTS CHANGING?

2001 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen C. Smith ◽  
Jon B. Ellis ◽  
Trisha A. Benson
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Adaptive Coping ◽  
Interpersonal Style ◽  
Bem Sex Role Inventory ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Androgyny is a gender role that has several positive characteristics such as adaptive coping strategies and less violent viewpoints. To examine the relationship between gender, gender roles, and attitudes towards violence, 161 individuals were administered the Bem Sex Role Inventory and a violence questionnaire. It was hypothesized that a significant number of non-androgynous people would have a great predisposition towards violence. The mean violence score was higher for men than for women, however, there was no difference between androgynous individuals and others. There were no significant interaction effects. Results are surprising when compared to previous research. It may be that more and more people, regardless of their interpersonal style, are moving towards a view which does not condone violence.

The Relationship between Sex Role Identity and a Widow's Adjustment to the Loss of a Spouse

1988 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda J. Solie ◽  
Lois J. Fielder
Keyword(s):  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Emotional Adjustment ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Behavioral Flexibility ◽  
Role Identity ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Bem Sex Role Inventory ◽  
Sex Role Identity ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between a widow's sex role identity and adjustment to the loss of a spouse. Two hypotheses were set forth: 1) Androgynous widows experience a more positive adjustment than feminine, masculine, or undifferentiated widows, and 2) Undifferentiated widows experience the most difficult adjustment of the four sex role groups. The Bem Sex Role Inventory was used to categorize widows ( N=45) into sex role groups, and the Health Adjustment, Social Adjustment, and Emotional Adjustment scales of the Bell Adjustment Inventory and the Carey Adjustment/Depression Scale for Widows were used to measure adjustment levels. Significant between group differences were found on the Health and Social Adjustment scales ( p<.05), with all sex role group means generally falling in the direction hypothesized. Results of this study suggest a relationship between behavioral flexibility as reflected in sex role identity and loss adjustment.

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