Analysis of Sexual Inhibition and Satisfaction from a Gender Perspective among University Students

University is characterized by a critical stage where students experience their sexuality, across a range of relationships. From these experiences, university students consolidate their personality and their sexual role. Factors such as age, sex, or traumatic experiences of violence or sexual abuse can affect their sexual role. The present study aims to analyze how the variables age, sex and having suffered abuse or violence may predict sexual satisfaction and inhibition. In addition, we analyze the mediating effect that sexual role plays on these relationships. For this purpose, Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI-12), Sociosexual Orientation Inventory (SOI-R), Inhibited Sexual Desire Test (ISD) and New Sexual Satisfaction Scale (NESS) were administered to 403 university students. The findings report that sex (β = −0.313), age (β = −0.116) and being a survivor of sexual assault (β = 0.413) are predictive of male role, but not from the female role. Also, people with more male features tend to have lower levels of commitment and inhibition than those who have more female ones.

Human female sexual behaviour across sexual orientations : evolution, personality, and fluidity

Women's sexual behavour across sexual orientations was evaluated in this thesis. Evolutionary theory has shown that women and men pursue different reproductive strategies and predicts that strategic interference results when women and men are trying to acquire mates. This study compared women who varied in sexual orientation to assess differences between lesbian, bisexual and heterosexual female scores in sociosexuality. Masculine and feminine personality traits were additionally assessed by the Bem Sex Role Inventory. Sexual fluidity was assessed via interviews. Results indicated that lesbians and heterosexual women had similar scores in sociosexuality, suggesting little effect of strategic interference on lesbian sociosexuality. Extreme Kinsey scale scores were compared (i.e. completely heterosexual and completely lesbian), lesbians reported being more restricted in sociosexuality than heterosexual women. Bisexual women were statistically significantly more unrestricted compared to lesbian and heterosexual women. Lesbians had the highest self ratings of femininity when compared to heterosexual and bisexual women.

Human female sexual behaviour across sexual orientations : evolution, personality, and fluidity

Women's sexual behavour across sexual orientations was evaluated in this thesis. Evolutionary theory has shown that women and men pursue different reproductive strategies and predicts that strategic interference results when women and men are trying to acquire mates. This study compared women who varied in sexual orientation to assess differences between lesbian, bisexual and heterosexual female scores in sociosexuality. Masculine and feminine personality traits were additionally assessed by the Bem Sex Role Inventory. Sexual fluidity was assessed via interviews. Results indicated that lesbians and heterosexual women had similar scores in sociosexuality, suggesting little effect of strategic interference on lesbian sociosexuality. Extreme Kinsey scale scores were compared (i.e. completely heterosexual and completely lesbian), lesbians reported being more restricted in sociosexuality than heterosexual women. Bisexual women were statistically significantly more unrestricted compared to lesbian and heterosexual women. Lesbians had the highest self ratings of femininity when compared to heterosexual and bisexual women.

Nonverbal Immediacy Mediates the Relationship Between Interpersonal Motives and Belongingness

While belongingness is a predictor of mental and physical health, the lack of social bonds is an issue for many people in occidental countries. This issue calls for global and affordable solutions. In this study, we notably investigated (a) the presumed positive relationships between agentic and communal interactional motives and belongingness, and (b) the mediating role of self-reported non-verbal immediacy—an indicator of availability to interact—in these relationships. Cross-sectional and longitudinal data were collected by means of questionnaires to test these hypotheses (NCrossectional = 344; NLongitudinal = 126) using the General Belongingness Scale, the Non-verbal Immediacy Scale, and the Bem Sex Role Inventory. Results supported the hypotheses: Interpersonal motives and non-verbal immediacy are associated cross-sectionally to belongingness, non-verbal immediacy mediates the interpersonal motives—belongingness relationship and positive changes in non-verbal immediacy are also related to increased belongingness. Practical and research implications are discussed.

Not the Cat’s Meow? The Impact of Posing with Cats on Female Perceptions of Male Dateability

The aim of this study was to investigate whether men were considered more attractive when posing for a photo alone or holding a cat. Prior research suggests that women view pet owners as more attractive and dateable than non-pet owners; however, this effect was strongest with dog owners. We hypothesized that men posing with cats would be more attractive than those posing alone. Using an online survey, women viewed images of a man posing alone or with a cat and rated the men on the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) and the Big Five Inventory. Women viewed men as less masculine when holding the cat; higher in neuroticism, agreeableness, and openness; and less dateable. These findings suggest that pets continue to play a role in women’s mate choices and dating preferences, but that a closer look at the effects of different species of pets is warranted.

’Rigtige mænd’ på retræte? Bygningshåndværkeres sociale køn og forestillinger om tilbagetrækning

Tilbagetrækning fra arbejdsmarkedet er en kønnet proces, men ofte fokuserer forskning kun på forskelle mellem mænd og kvinder. Dermed negligeres betydningen af maskulinitet, ligesom det vanskeliggør at sætte fokus på ikke-strukturelle faktorer for tilbagetrækningsadfærd, der har en kønsdimension. Formålet med denne artikel er at undersøge forskelle i maskulinitet i en gruppe af mandlige bygningshåndværkere: er forskelle i kønsidentitet og kønsidealer associeret med forskelle i forventninger til tilbagetrækningsalder, former for tilbagetrækning samt årsager til at forlade arbejdsmarkedet? Spørgsmålene undersøges ved hjælp af en tilfældig stikprøve af mandlige bygningshåndværkere i alderen 50+ år (N = 1,760), som blev spurgt om deres forventninger til tilbagetrækning ligesom aspekter af deres kønsidentitet (Bem Sex Role Inventory) samt kønsidealer (Male Role Norms Inventory-Revised) blev målt for at afdække forskelle i socialt køn mellem mændene. Resultaterne viser, at socialt køn på forskellig vis er associeret med forventninger til tilbagetrækning – og i visse henseender har sammenhængen en størrelse, der er lige så stor som den, der fi ndes mellem tilbagetrækning og selvvurderet helbred.

Papéis Sexuais, Amor e Satisfação Conjugal em Indivíduos Heterossexuais e Homossexuais

Resumo A experiência do amor entre pessoas do mesmo sexo ainda é percebida numa ótica social estigmatizante. Na tentativa de contribuir com a discussão dessa questão, neste estudo, foram geradas evidências de validade e fidedignidade para o Bem Sex Role Inventory - reduzido por meio da análise dos escores de 331 indivíduos heterossexuais e homossexuais, de ambos os sexos, que coabitavam com seus parceiros amorosos há pelo menos um ano no Rio de Janeiro/RJ. Também foi realizada uma análise confirmatória da Escala Triangular do Amor - reduzida, que revelou bom ajuste do modelo e invariância de medida para homossexuais e heterossexuais. Além disso, foram verificadas as relações entre orientação sexual, papéis sexuais, amor e satisfação conjugal. A intimidade e o compromisso no amor foram os melhores preditores da satisfação conjugal para ambos os grupos. Foram encontradas algumas evidências que questionam os estereótipos sociais vinculados às relações amorosas de pessoas de mesmo sexo.

АНАЛІЗ СТАНДАРТИЗОВАНОГО ПСИХОДІАГНОСТИЧНОГО ІНСТРУМЕНТАРІЮ У СФЕРІ ГЕНДЕРНИХ ДОСЛІДЖЕНЬ

Статтю присвячено аналізу методичного інструментарію, який використовується у сфері гендерних досліджень. Проведено теоретичний аналіз можливостей використання методів та методик, що використовуються у західній психології. Зокрема, представлені основніметодики, які на сьогодні застосовуються у психології гендерних досліджень: Bem Sex-Role Inventory (BSRI), Implicit Association Test (IAT), Gender Bias Quiz. Підкреслено, що при дослідженні гендерно чутливих питань (гендерна нерівність, гендерна дискримінація, гендерний дисбаланс тощо) варто поєднувати експліцитні методи дослідження (прямі запитання, пряме шкалування, пряме оцінювання) із використанням імпліцитних (використовують опосередкований механізм для вимірювання не усвідомлених установок). Серед проаналізованих у роботі методик, до експліцитних належать Bem Sex-Role Inventory (BSRI), Gender Bias Quiz; до імпліцитних – ImplicitAssociation Test (IAT). Особливого значення при дослідженні ставлення особистості до гендерної проблематики (зокрема, до гендерної нерівності) набувають методичні прийоми і техніки, які дозволяють отримати інформацію, яку надає людина поза межами ефекту соціального схвалення. Зазначено, що процедура такого дослідження є більш складною та потребує від науковця вміння провадити якісний аналіз, що дозволяє виявляти часто приховані чинники поведінкових проявів. Проведений науковий пошук показав, що при дослідженні гендерної проблематики (гендерні стереотипи, ставлення до гендерної нерівності, гендерного дисбалансу тощо) важливо поєднувати методи, що дозволяють отримати як кількісні показники (наприклад, рівень прояву гендерних упереджень), так і якісні, щоможуть бути отримані за допомогою інших методів, наприклад, методу контент-аналізу.