Smoking Involvement during Adolescence among African Americans and Puerto Ricans: Risks to Psychological and Physical Well-Being in Young Adulthood

2006 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 421-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith S. Brook ◽  
Elinor B. Balka ◽  
Yuming Ning ◽  
Martin Whiteman ◽  
Stephen J. Finch
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Puerto Ricans ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Adolescent Smoking ◽  
Late Adolescent ◽  
Wide Range

The major aim of this study was to examine the longitudinal association between adolescent smoking involvement and self-reported psychological and physical outcomes in young adulthood. Participants included 333 African Americans and 329 Puerto Ricans who were surveyed in 1990 in their New York City schools and interviewed in 1995 and 2000-2001, primarily in their homes. The psychological outcomes included ego integration, symptoms of depression, anxiety, and interpersonal difficulty. The physical health measures included a general health rating, number of illnesses, and symptoms of ill health. Also, three scales measured problems due to alcohol, marijuana, and other illicit drug use. Smoking involvement varied by age, sex, and ethnicity but not by socioeconomic status nor by late adolescent parental status. Analysis showed that the relationships between adolescent smoking involvement and psychological and physical health problems in young adulthood remained significant even with control on demographic factors, earlier levels of the outcome variables, and marijuana use. The relationships between smoking behavior and problems with alcohol, marijuana and other illicit drug use were particularly strong. Thus, adolescent smoking seems to have a wide range of clinical implications for young adulthood.

Risk Factors for Delinquency and Illicit Drug Use from Adolescence to Young Adulthood

1986 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Kandel ◽  
Ora Simcha-Fagan ◽  
Mark Davies
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
New York ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
New York State ◽  
Delinquent Behavior ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Men And Women

This study examines the interrelationships and predictors of involvement in delinquent activities and illicit drug use over a nine-year interval, from adolescence (age 15–16) to young adulthood (age 24–25) in a cohort representative of adolescents formerly enrolled in grades 10 and 11 in public secondary schools in New York State (N =1,004). Persistence of illicit drug use in this period of the life-cycle is greater than for delinquency and is higher among men than among women. Convergences and divergences in intrapersonal and interpersonal predictors of drug use and delinquency are analyzed. Adult illicit drug use is much better predicted by adolescent illicit drug use, especially among men. Among women, early drug use predicts later delinquent behavior. However, illicit drug use in the period from adolescence to early adulthood selectively predicts adult participation in one type of delinquent behavior, namely theft, among men and women, but has no effect on interpersonal aggression. Different risk factors in adolescence other than drug use predict continued delinquent involvement among men and women. In particular, depression plays an important role for women and family factors for men. Lifestyle factors subsequent to adolescence, especially failure to enter the conventional roles of adulthood, such as marriage and continuous employment, are important predictors of continued illicit drug use in adulthood but not of delinquency. Delinquency among males and illicit drug use among females appear to be subject to common etiological factors and may play similar roles in the lives of young people. Convergence between the findings and results reported by others are discussed.

The Global Epidemiology of Drug Use in Prison

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloé Carpentier ◽  
Luis Royuela ◽  
Linda Montanari ◽  
Philip Davis
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
International Comparisons ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Aggregated Data ◽  
Monitoring Centre ◽  
Global Epidemiology ◽  
Wide Range

This chapter provides an overview of drug use in prison. It is centered on illicit drug use in Europe, where the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) has been collecting aggregated data from various sources for 15 years. It also reviews, based on published literature, data from the four other global regions. A total of 59 studies from 31 countries in the five world regions were included for analysis. Results show that the prevalence of drug use varies greatly between studies. Lifetime prevalence of any illicit drug use in prison ranges between 2% to 76% worldwide with, in most cases, cannabis being the most frequently reported substance. More recent (past-month) illicit drug use is reported by <1% to 65% of inmates, while <1% to 39% report injecting illicit drugs during their stay in prison. Alcohol use in prison is reported in a few studies only, varying between 2% to 77% while the prevalence of current tobacco smoking ranges between 4% to 90%. In general, available data are scarce and patchy, especially outside Europe, with large variations in methodology relating to sampling strategy and measurement. This heterogeneity hampers comparison and may, in part, account for the wide range of prevalence estimates. Comparable methods and measures of drug use and its consequences in prison populations are needed to facilitate international comparisons and provide the sound information needed for development and implementation of drug interventions in various prison settings across the globe.

Illicit Drug Use From Adolescence to Young Adulthood Among Child Welfare-Involved Youths

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Casanueva ◽  
Leyla Stambaugh ◽  
Matthew Urato ◽  
Jenifer Goldman Fraser ◽  
Jason Williams
Keyword(s):  
Child Welfare ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use

The Relationship Between Adolescent Smoking and Drinking and Likelihood Estimates of Illicit Drug Use

2000 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick B. Johnson ◽  
Sharon M. Boles ◽  
Herbert D. Kleber
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Adolescent Smoking ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Younger Versus Older African Americans: Patterns and Prevalence of Recent Illicit Drug Use

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Ennis Whitehead ◽  
Rebecca C. Trenz ◽  
Larry Keen ◽  
Jonathan Rose ◽  
William W. Latimer
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Older African Americans

scholarly journals Male-Dominated Occupations and Substance Use Disorders in Young Adulthood

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 155798832090810
Author(s):  
Bonnie Leadbeater ◽  
Megan E. Ames ◽  
Alejandra Contreras
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Cannabis Use Disorder ◽  
Work Intensity ◽  
Male Dominated

This article examined associations between male-dominated occupations and substance use disorders in young adulthood, accounting for adolescent experiences of work intensity (more than 15 hr a week at 16 to 17 years of age) and substance use (i.e., smoking, heavy drinking, cannabis, and illicit drug use). The moderating effects of biological sex and coming from a family with a low socioeconomic status (SES) were also assessed. Data were from a 10-year prospective study of community-based youth aged 12–18 in 2003 (T1; N = 662; 48% male; Mage = 15.5, SD = 1.9). Their occupations at ages 22–29 were categorized so that higher scores indicated more male-dominated occupations. Young adults in male-dominated occupations (more than 75% males) had lower education, worked in less prestigious occupations, and earned higher hourly wages than those in the other gendered-occupation groups. Work intensity in high school was associated with substance use at ages 18–25 and substance use was also associated with alcohol- and cannabis-use disorder symptoms and illicit drug use in young adulthood (ages 22–29). Adding to these effects, employment in a male-dominated occupation was associated with more cannabis-use disorder symptoms for the low, but not the high SES group. Public health messages need greater focus on preventing substance use disorders among individuals employed in male-dominated jobs in young adulthood. Efforts to promote self-assessment of problematic substance use and motivation to change may be particularly important for young workers.

Physical Health, Illicit Drug Use, and Demographic Characteristics in Rural Stimulant Users

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas F. Garrity ◽  
Carl G. Leukefeld ◽  
Robert G. Carlson ◽  
Russel S. Falck ◽  
Jichuan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Demographic Characteristics
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