Chromosomal instability in peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with reproductive failure assessed by micronucleus assay

We investigated chromosomal instability in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of patients with reproductive failure in respect to age, smoking habits, gender, miscarriages, and semen parameters. The study involved 36 individual cases of reproductive failure (18 men and 18 women) attended at the Clinical Centre of Kragujevac, Serbia, and 30 healthy subjects (15 men and 15 women). Micronuclei (MN) frequency was estimated in PBL using the cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay. The baseline MN frequencies were signifi cantly higher (p=0.031; p<0.001) in male [(9.22 ± 4.70) MN per 1000 BN cells] and female patients [(13.50 ± 2.5) MN per 1000 BN cells] than in male and female healthy controls [(6.27 ± 2.66) MN per 1000 BN cells; (6.80 ± 2.98) MN per 1000 BN cells]. The mean baseline MN frequency did not signifi cantly differ between miscarriage groups and between patients with and without normal values of semen parameters. The correlations between poor sperm concentration (<20x106 mL-1), rapid progressive motility (<25 %), normal morphology (<30 %), and MN frequencies were negative, but not statistically signifi cant. We found that only gender signifi cantly infl uenced the MN rates in analysed patients. There were no signifi cant differences between age groups and between smokers and non-smokers in patients and control samples. We conclude that the increase in baseline MN frequency in PBL of patients with reproductive failure corresponds to the increase in chromosomal damage, which occurs as a result of complex events that cause reproductive disorders.