scholarly journals Cyclical Changes in Interrenal and Chromaffin Cells in Relation to Testicular Activity of Olive Barb, Puntius Sarana (Hamilton)

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Padmanabha Chakrabarti ◽  
Saroj Kumar Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Chromaffin Cells ◽  
Head Kidney ◽  
Staining Intensity ◽  
Annual Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Cardinal Vein ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Testicular Cells ◽  
Post Spawning ◽  
Puntius Sarana ◽  
Posterior Cardinal Vein

Abstract The present study focused on observations of the histological status of adrenocortical tissues and the correlated seasonal changes in testicular activities in Puntius sarana (Hamilton). Interrenal and chromaffin cells were located in the head kidney between the posterior cardinal vein and hemopoietic tissues. Various male germ cells were identified in the testis based on distinctive features, distribution, and staining properties. The cytoplasmic features and the architecture of the interrenal and chromaffin cells varied during different phases of the annual reproductive cycle. The cytoplasm mass was elevated throughout maturation and spawning phases; however, it was weak in the post-spawning and growth phases. The staining intensity changed in the cells showing various phases of secretory efficiency harmonized with the constitution of different testicular cells.

scholarly journals Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide- and pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide-mediated control of catecholamine release from chromaffin tissue in the rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss

2000 ◽  
Vol 166 (3) ◽  
pp. 705-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
CJ Montpetit ◽  
SF Perry
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Chromaffin Cells ◽  
Catecholamine Secretion ◽  
Cardinal Vein ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Neuronal Control ◽  
Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase ◽  
Posterior Cardinal Vein ◽  
Chromaffin Tissue

The aim of the present investigation was to assess the relative contributions of cholinergic (acetylcholine) and non-cholinergic vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), and pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) neurotransmitters in the neuronal control of catecholamine secretion from the chromaffin tissue lining the posterior cardinal vein of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Using an in situ saline-perfused posterior cardinal vein preparation, it was demonstrated that exogenous administration of chicken VIP or human PACAP-27 caused a dose-dependent increase in adrenaline secretion; noradrenaline secretion was unaffected. Analysis of dose-response curves indicated that VIP and PACAP stimulated the secretion of adrenaline with a similar degree of potency (ED(50) for VIP=1.90x10(-11) mol/kg; ED(50) for PACAP=1.03x10(-11) mol/kg). The VIP/PACAP-elicited secretion was diminished in the presence of the VIP receptor antagonist, VIP 6-28, but was unaffected by the PACAP receptor antagonist, PACAP 6-27, or the cholinergic antagonists, hexamethonium and atropine. Thus, this is the first study to demonstrate a direct stimulatory role for VIP or PACAP in catecholamine secretion from piscine chromaffin cells. The relative contribution of cholinergic and non-cholinergic neurotransmitters in the neuronal control of catecholamine secretion from the chromaffin tissue was evaluated using an in situ nerve-stimulating technique previously validated by us in the rainbow trout. This was accomplished by comparing catecholamine secretion in the presence or absence of cholinergic and the VIP and PACAP receptor antagonists during different levels of electrical stimulation. The results demonstrated that cholinergic stimulation predominated during high frequency of electrical stimulation (20 Hz) while the non-cholinergic component prevailed at low frequency (1 Hz). Overall, the results of the present investigation demonstrate that VIP and/or PACAP may directly stimulate adrenaline secretion from trout chromaffin cells at low levels of neuronal activity. Therefore, the neuronal control of catecholamine secretion in teleosts may not be confined to cholinergic-evoked events.

Hydrogen sulfide stimulates catecholamine secretion in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

2009 ◽  
Vol 296 (1) ◽  
pp. R133-R140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve F. Perry ◽  
Brian McNeill ◽  
Eshay Elia ◽  
Ashish Nagpal ◽  
Branka Vulesevic
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Chromaffin Cells ◽  
Acute Hypoxia ◽  
Electrical Field Stimulation ◽  
Catecholamine Secretion ◽  
Cardinal Vein ◽  
Posterior Cardinal Vein ◽  
Stimulation Of

We tested the hypothesis that endogenously produced hydrogen sulfide (H2S) can potentially contribute to the adrenergic stress response in rainbow trout by initiating catecholamine secretion from chromaffin cells. During acute hypoxia (water Po2 = 35 mmHg), plasma H2S levels were significantly elevated concurrently with a rise in circulating catecholamine concentrations. Tissues enriched with chromaffin cells (posterior cardinal vein and anterior kidney) produced H2S in vitro when incubated with l-cysteine. In both tissues, the production of H2S was eliminated by adding the cystathionine β-synthase inhibitor, aminooxyacetate. Cystathionine β-synthase and cystathionine γ-lyase were cloned and sequenced and the results of real-time PCR demonstrated that with the exception of white muscle, mRNA for both enzymes was broadly distributed within the tissues that were examined. Electrical field stimulation of an in situ saline-perfused posterior cardinal vein preparation caused the appearance of H2S and catecholamines in the outflowing perfusate. Perfusion with the cholinergic receptor agonist carbachol (1 × 10−6 M) or depolarizing levels of KCl (1 × 10−2 M) caused secretion of catecholamines without altering H2S output, suggesting that neuronal excitation is required for H2S release. Addition of H2S (at concentrations exceeding 5 × 10−7 M) to the perfusion fluid resulted in a marked stimulation of catecholamine secretion that was not observed when Ca2+-free perfusate was used. These data, together with the finding that H2S-induced catecholamine secretion was unaltered by the nicotinic receptor blocker hexamethonium, suggest that H2S is able to directly elicit catecholamine secretion via membrane depolarization followed by Ca2+-mediated exocytosis.

scholarly journals Cytology of the Pituitary Gonadotrophs, Histological Characteristics of Interrenal and Chromaffin Cells in Relation to Testicular Activities in Mystus Vittatus (Siluriformes, Bagridae) During Growth, Maturation and Spawning Phases

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-164
Author(s):  
M. Banerjee ◽  
S. Ghosh ◽  
P. Chakrabarti
Keyword(s):  
Chromaffin Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Mystus Vittatus ◽  
Cytoplasmic Granules ◽  
Testicular Cells ◽  
Tsh Cells ◽  
Blue Stain ◽  
Interrenal Cells ◽  
Histological Characteristics

Abstract The histological changes observed in the pituitary corticotrophs, gonadotrophs, adrenocortical tissues and testicular cells in M. vittatus (Bloch, 1794) have been studies during growth, maturation and spawning phases. The studies based on the changes observed in the cell types, shape and size of the cells of the adrenocortical tissues, testes and the overall percentage of gonadotroph (GTH) and thyrotroph (TSH) cells of the pituitary. However, during growth phase, in proximal pars distalis (PPD) the considerable increment of GTH and TSH have been observed having intense aniline blue stain. The corticotrophs (ACTH) also showed significant accumulation of fuchsinophilic cytoplasmic granules. The cytoplasmic features and the architecture of the interrenal cells were well coincident with the increase of different spermatogenic cells. During the maturation phase dense granulation in the GTH and TSH cells appeared to be concomitant with the spermiation. The amount of cytoplasmic granules of the interrenal cells increased than chromaffin cells and was well coincidence with the increase of spermatids and spermatozoa. The hyperactive and vacuolated features of the interrenal cells during spawning phase appeared to be concomitant with the final process of spermiation.

scholarly journals A case of tuberculosis of the rare azygos lobe of the right lung

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep Singh Awal ◽  
Som Subhro Biswas ◽  
Hitesh Goyal ◽  
Sampreet Kaur Awal
Keyword(s):  
Incidental Finding ◽  
Chest Imaging ◽  
Cardinal Vein ◽  
Anatomical Variant ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Azygos Lobe ◽  
Rare Case Report ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Posterior Cardinal Vein

Abstract Background The azygos lobe is a rare anatomical variant seen in the upper lobe of right lung. It occurs during embryological development due to the failure of posterior cardinal vein to migrate supero-medially. It is often an incidental finding on imaging and is asymptomatic in majority of cases. Tuberculosis involving the azygos lobe is extremely rare. Only a few cases of tuberculosis involving the azygos lobe have been reported in literature. Case presentation We present a rare case report of tuberculosis infection involving the azygos lobe in a 57-year-old male with history of chronic cough, fever, hemoptysis, and weight loss. Conclusions The azygos lobe is usually asymptomatic, but it may be misdiagnosed as bulla, lung cyst, or abscess. In rare cases it may be associated with certain pathology such as tuberculosis, other infections, and lung cancer. Hence, it is pertinent for a radiologist to be aware of this variant when reporting chest imaging cases.

Preliminary results on the ovarian histology of rabbitfish Siganus rivulatus (Forsskal, 1775) in the southern Aegean Sea, Turkey

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-214
Author(s):  
Serhat Engin ◽  
Ozan Soykan ◽  
Hasan Cerim ◽  
Anıl Gülşahin
Keyword(s):  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Aegean Sea ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Annual Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Recreational Angling ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Post Spawning ◽  
Siganus Rivulatus

AbstractThe study aimed to determine the annual reproductive cycle of Siganus rivulatusfi females based on monthly variation of the gonadosomatic index (GSI) and histological changes in gonads. A total of 240 fish samples were collected monthly from small-scale (trammel nets) and recreational (angling and pot fishery) fishing from Gökova Bay, the southern Aegean Sea, between July 2017 and June 2018. The length and weight of female fish varied from 10.8 to 26.1 cm with a mean length of 18.7 ± 0.2 cm and from 14.98 to 293.42 g with a mean weight of 91.1 ± 2.93 g. GSI values began to increase in May, peaked in June and gradually decreased in July, indicating that the spawning season was early summer. A total of 240 gonads were histologically examined. Granular, pinkish structure of eggs was observed primarily between April and June, which was consistent with the increase in the gonadosomatic index. Post-spawning follicles were determined in July. Values of the gonadosomatic index gradually decreased after August and they were minimal between September and November. During this period, ovaries were surrounded by immature oocytes at the chromatin and peri-nucleolus stages. These results revealed thatSiganus rivulatusstarted vitellogenesis in April and the gonadosomatic index peaked in June.

Cytological and Biochemical Studies on Chromaffin Cells in the Head Kidney of Gasterosteus aculeatus (Teleostei, Gasterosteidae)

1993 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina P. Gallo ◽  
Annalena Civinini ◽  
Lucia Mastrolia ◽  
Gerhard Leitner ◽  
Sepp Porta
Keyword(s):  
Chromaffin Cells ◽  
Gasterosteus Aculeatus ◽  
Head Kidney ◽  
Biochemical Studies
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