scholarly journals Morphological features of bone in calcium and vitamin D deficiency

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 212-217
Author(s):  
Lidia Chircor ◽  
G. Iordan ◽  
Loredana Surdu
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Abnormal Development ◽  
Sex Distribution ◽  
Bone Deformity ◽  
Developmental Abnormalities ◽  
Bone Changes ◽  
Independent Entity

Abstract The authors aim to identify morphological features of the bone abnormal development caused by calcium and vitamin D deficiency (CDD) and possible risk factors in the occurrence of these changes. The study is conducted on a selected group of 102 children aged 10-12 years with bone changes due to CDD, diagnosed and treated in Constanţa City from 2000 - 2010. For cases where the same child presented several bone deformities, we considered every bone deformity as an independent entity. In this study we observed deformation of the bones of the skull, prominent frontal bone 62 cases (60.78%); “beads rib” 49 cases (48.03%) sub mammary grooves 31 cases (30.32%), increasing the volume of knee joint 75 cases (73.52%) and wrist 68 cases (66.66%). The changes visible under direct examination are accompanied by structural changes visible by radiological exam, so the epiphysis plate has an irregular appearance (35 cases), serrated (35 cases), are enlarged (34 cases) or cup (31 cases). Analysis of sex distribution shows higher involvement of male children, sex ratio 3/1. Age group most affected in the studied group is 3-36 months. Skeletal deformities in CDD conditions are associated with peculiar situations of risk: monthly income below Average 72 cases (70.5%), increased pigmentation of the skin 61 (59.8%), prematurity 20 (19.6%). Increased incidence of developmental abnormalities of the bones due to CDD in the studied group and in different regions (England, Turkey, USA, etc) in recent years coincides with modern life style, which involves skin protection against solar radiation and a lack of exposure to sunlight.

Pathology of Experimental Vitamin D Deficiency in Chickens and Effects of Treatment with Vitamin D Metabolites

1981 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 638-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. F. Cheville ◽  
R. L. Horst
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Bone Lesions ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolites ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Ultimobranchial Body ◽  
Growth Cartilage ◽  
Bone Deformities

Structural changes in bone, parathyroid, and ultimobranchial body were examined in three groups of chicks fed a vitamin D-deficient diet; one group was treated with vitamin D3 and another with 1,25(OH)2D3. Diets were fed from day of hatching until 5 weeks old, when deficient chicks were near death due to hypocalcemic tetany, loss of fat and muscle, and marked bone deformities. In deficient chicks, parathyroid mass increased linearly to 7.5 times normal at 5 weeks. Parathyroid cells were irregular and vacuolated, with few granules. Vitamin D3 treatment (daily from hatching) prevented these changes. Chicks treated with 1,25(OH)2D3 had normal parathyroids until the fifth week, when parathyroid mass increased greatly. There were few differences in length of growth cartilage, but marked changes in length of metaphyses. Deficient chicks had metaphyses nearly five times longer than vitamin D3-treated chicks. Metaphyses in chicks given 1,25(OH)2D3 were twice as long as those of vitamin D-treated chicks at 5 weeks. Both osteoblasts and osteoclasts were more numerous in deficient chicks. These studies suggest that vitamin D3 is more effective than 1,25(OH)2D3 in preventing parathyroid and bone lesions of vitamin D deficiency.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Deficiency Cause Gender Specific Alterations of Renal Arterial Function in a Rodent Model

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 704
Author(s):  
Miklós Sipos ◽  
Borbála Péterffy ◽  
Réka Eszter Sziva ◽  
Péter Magyar ◽  
Leila Hadjadj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Elastic Fiber ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Fiber Density ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Gender Specific

Vitamin D deficiency shows positive correlation to cardiovascular risk, which might be influenced by gender specific features. Our goal was to examine the effect of Vitamin D supplementation and Vitamin D deficiency in male and female rats on an important hypertension target organ, the renal artery. Female and male Wistar rats were fed with Vitamin D reduced chow for eight weeks to induce hypovitaminosis. Another group of animals received normal chow with further supplementation to reach optimal serum vitamin levels. Isolated renal arteries of Vitamin D deficient female rats showed increased phenylephrine-induced contraction. In all experimental groups, both indomethacin and selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition (NS398) decreased the phenylephrine-induced contraction. Angiotensin II-induced contraction was pronounced in Vitamin D supplemented males. In both Vitamin D deficient groups, acetylcholine-induced relaxation was impaired. In the female Vitamin D supplemented group NS398, in males the indomethacin caused reduced acetylcholine-induced relaxation. Increased elastic fiber density was observed in Vitamin D deficient females. The intensity of eNOS immunostaining was decreased in Vitamin D deficient females. The density of AT1R staining was the highest in the male Vitamin D deficient group. Although Vitamin D deficiency induced renal vascular dysfunction in both sexes, female rats developed more extensive impairment that was accompanied by enzymatic and structural changes.

Trabecular and cortical bone changes due to long term vitamin D deficiency in senescent animals

Bone ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. S168-S169
Author(s):  
A. Lee ◽  
P.H. Anderson ◽  
R.K. Sawyer ◽  
A.J. Moore ◽  
H.A. Morris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Changes

Vitamin D Deficiency

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (14) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
WILLIAM E. GOLDEN ◽  
ROBERT H. HOPKINS
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency

Abstract #1236: The Blood Turnover Markers and Parathormon Levels in Menopausal Women with Vitamin D Deficiency

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 293-294
Author(s):  
Mara Carsote ◽  
Cristina Capatina ◽  
Alexandra Mihai ◽  
Andreea Geleriu ◽  
Rodica Petris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Turnover Markers

Vitamin D3 supplementation improves glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients: Results from an Italian clinical trial

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Derosa ◽  
Angela D’Angelo ◽  
Chiara Martinotti ◽  
Maria Chiara Valentino ◽  
Sergio Di Matteo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Metabolic Control ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Hypoglycemic Agents ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Abstract. Background: to evaluate the effects of Vitamin D3 on glyco-metabolic control in type 2 diabetic patients with Vitamin D deficiency. Methods: one hundred and seventeen patients were randomized to placebo and 122 patients to Vitamin D3. We evaluated anthropometric parameters, glyco-metabolic control, and parathormone (PTH) value at baseline, after 3, and 6 months. Results: a significant reduction of fasting, and post-prandial glucose was recorded in Vitamin D3 group after 6 months. A significant HbA1c decrease was observed in Vitamin D3 (from 7.6% or 60 mmol/mol to 7.1% or 54 mmol) at 6 months compared to baseline, and to placebo (p < 0.05 for both). At the end of the study period, we noticed a change in the amount in doses of oral or subcutaneous hypoglycemic agents and insulin, respectively. The use of metformin, acarbose, and pioglitazone was significantly lower (p = 0.037, p = 0.048, and p = 0.042, respectively) than at the beginning of the study in the Vitamin D3 therapy group. The units of Lispro, Aspart, and Glargine insulin were lower in the Vitamin D3 group at the end of the study (p = 0.031, p = 0.037, and p = 0.035, respectively) than in the placebo group. Conclusions: in type 2 diabetic patients with Vitamin D deficiency, the restoration of value in the Vitamin D standard has led not only to an improvement in the glyco-metabolic compensation, but also to a reduced posology of some oral hypoglycemic agents and some types of insulin used.

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