scholarly journals International Volunteers as Strangers in Szeklerland

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-21
Author(s):  
Ágota Silló
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local People ◽  
Volunteer Tourism ◽  
International Volunteering ◽  
International Volunteers ◽  
Unusual Phenomenon ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Common

Abstract This paper focuses on volunteer tourism, which is approached as a new phenomenon in a Romanian minority region, i.e. Szeklerland. Volunteer tourism has developed very fast in last decades at international level and mostly in the developed societies. As an alternative tourism form, it is very popular among the youth and gap-year students. Volunteer tourism is a kind of international volunteering which offers opportunity for someone to volunteer and travel at the same time in a foreign country. Volunteer tourism makes possible the meeting and collaboration between local community and international volunteers. As a new phenomenon in the case of Szeklerland, volunteer tourism was started here by a foreign person, originated from England, who has established himself in Miercurea Ciuc, Harghita County, Romania. In this region, this event was regarded as a strange action; here, local volunteering is also a new phenomenon. The communist rule had a negative effect on the developing of volunteer culture in Eastern Europe. Therefore, in the 21st century in Romania, volunteering is still a rare phenomenon. On the other hand, the presence of foreign volunteers in Szeklerland is an unusual phenomenon. Volunteer tourists are those who meet with locals and thereby are more close to the local people to whom these people speak in foreign languages, have foreign looks and cultures. Due to their lack of English language skills, local people and organizations do not know how to connect with them. So, international volunteering or volunteer tourism is that phenomenon which allows to meet different foreign cultures, where the common ground could be a commonly spoken language, i.e. the English.

scholarly journals ENTITAS WISATAWAN ASING TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERBAHASA INGGRIS MASYARAKAT LOKAL BANJAR TEGAL GUNDUL, DESA TIBUBENENG, KUTA UTARA, BADUNG, BALI

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-296
Author(s):  
Ni Nyoman Widani ◽  
Wiya Suktiningsih
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Language Attitudes ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Local People ◽  
Local Society ◽  
Language Functions ◽  
Information Giving ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Language Attitude

Abstract Banjar Tegal Gundul as tourist villages in the province of Bali, which visits by foreign and domestic tourists. Every years the number of foreign and domestic tourists to the Banjar Tegal Bald is increases. This situation makes the tourism sector as the main livelihood of local people. That's condition become the background of this research, they are: 1) to understand how to influence tourist entities to the English language skills of local people in Banjal Tegal Gundul and 2) how language attitude of local society towards English. The research uses the method of observation and questionnaire submitted to 24 respondents, who are local people as workers and business owners in the area. This study is found that the language functions used by local people to communicate with foreign tourists is: Greetings, Offering, asking for information, giving information, Saying Like, Giving an opinion, persuading, asking someone to do something, Accepting invitations, apologizing, persuading, and saying / returning thanks. The sentences are used in grammatical rules in English. The language attitudes towards English seen from the cogBanjar Tegal Gundul is one of the tourist villages in the village area of ​​Tibubeneng, North Kuta, Badung, Bali, which receives visits by foreign and domestic tourists. Every year the number of foreign and domestic tourist arrivals to the Banjar Tegal Gundul region has increased. The situation makes the tourism sector as the main livelihood of the local community Banjar Tegal Gundul. The situation is the background of this research, namely: 1) to find out how the influence of foreign tourist entities on the English language ability of local people in Banjar Tegal Gundul and 2) how the attitude of the local people's language towards English. The research uses the method of observation and distributes questionnaires to 24 respondents, who are local people as workers and business owners who are in the area of ​​the area. The step taken in this study is to analyze the language functions used by local people when communicating with foreign tourists. The results obtained in this study indicate that local people are able to communicate with foreign tourists, by using language functions such as: Greeting, Offering, asking for information, giving information, Saying Like, Giving opinion, persuading, asking someone to do something, Accepting invitation, apologizing, persuading, and saying / reply to thank. The sentences are used in accordance with grammatical rules in English. For language attitudes towards English seen from the cognitive, affective and conative components, showing positive language attitudes by local people towards English. That is because the equality of local people's thought orientation will benefit from English, for the livelihoods of local people, both in terms of workers or business owners in the Banjar Tegal Gundul region.

Family Control, Bridal Pregnancy, and Illegitimacy

2001 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-479
Author(s):  
Jan Van Bavel
Keyword(s):  
Social Control ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Deviant Behavior ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Family Control ◽  
The Family ◽  
Educational Authority ◽  
The Common ◽  
And Migration

Extramarital pregnancy and illegitimate childbearing have been interpreted by historians as well as sociologists basically in terms of deviant behavior and lack of social control (Tranter 1985; Blaikie 1995). While society has looked at procreation outside marriage as a moral lapse, social science has regarded it in terms of deviancy, as “something which interrupted the proper functioning of social processes, and revealed a failure of social control, the control of individual behavior by family and kin, by political and educational authority” (Laslett 1980a: 1–2).Within this framework, interpretations of the “illegitimacy explosion” of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries have almost invariably referred toweakening social control as a result of industrialization, urbanization, and migration. In the 1970s, the debate on the rise of illegitimacy was centered on Edward Shorter's contention that women's emancipation produced rising extramarital sexual activity. This article does not reopen that dispute (see Shorter 1971, 1975: 255–68; Tilly et al. 1976; Lee 1977; Fairchilds 1978; Alter 1988). Rather, it starts from the common ground underlying the different interpretations, which associates adolescent extramarital pregnancy with social isolation. Scholars have argued that migration and new living and working conditions often led to separation from the family and local community. This change would have resulted in the collapse of traditional social control, making premarital intercourse more likely.

The common green/common ground Performance Project: The Personal, the Political, the Gardens, and NYU

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 132-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindy Rosenthal
Keyword(s):  
Common Ground ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Community Gardens ◽  
The Political ◽  
Community Activists ◽  
The Common ◽  
Performance Project ◽  
The City

When the landlords and the city began bulldozing community gardens, a group of NYU students and local community activists got together to protest and perform. The piece they made tracked the transformation of garbage-strewn lots into lush, vital, community havens—and cried out against the bulldozers lying in wait.

Practitioners respond to Icy Lee's ‘Teacher written corrective feedback: Less is more’

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-151
Author(s):  
Yingying Li ◽  
Ye Han
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Corrective Feedback ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
English Language Teaching ◽  
University Teachers ◽  
Less Is More ◽  
Written Corrective Feedback ◽  
The Common ◽  
Context Specific

In her position article, Lee (2019) compellingly argues for focused written corrective feedback (FWCF) and offers clear guidelines for teachers to shift their feedback approach. As English language teaching practitioners in Chinese universities, we share Lee's view against any unthinking adherence to comprehensive written corrective feedback (CWCF) and advocate principled feedback practice. Our response begins by presenting the common ground between Lee's and our stance, followed by problematizing her ‘less-is-more’ argument. Finally, following Lee's guidelines, we propose a few context-specific suggestions to help university teachers in mainland China and other contexts better implement FWCF.

Can-Do descriptors – Realigning English Language Curriculum at Higher Education Institution to CEFR

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Erda Wati Bakar
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
English Language ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Language Curriculum ◽  
English Curriculum ◽  
The Common ◽  
The University

The Common European Framework of Reference for Language (CEFR) has become the standard used to describe and evaluate students’ command of a second or foreign language. It is an internationally acknowledged standard language proficiency framework which many countries have adopted such as China, Thailand, Japan and Taiwan. Malaysia Ministry of Education is aware and realise the need for the current English language curriculum to be validated as to reach the international standard as prescribed by the CEFR. The implementation of CEFR has begun at primary and secondary level since 2017 and now higher education institutions are urged to align their English Language Curriculum to CEFR as part of preparation in receiving students who have been taught using CEFR-aligned curriculum at schools by year 2022. This critical reflection article elucidates the meticulous processes that we have embarked on in re-aligning our English Language Curriculum to the standard and requirements of CEFR. The paper concludes with a remark that the alignment of the English curriculum at the university needs full support from the management in ensuring that all the stakeholders are fully prepared, informed and familiar with the framework.

The Semantics of Evidentials

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Formal Semantics ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Propositional Content ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Truth Conditional ◽  
The Common ◽  
Issue Content

This book gives a compositional, truth‐conditional, crosslinguistic semantics for evidentials set in a theory of the semantics for sentential mood. Central to this semantics is a proposal about a distinction between what propositional content is at‐issue, roughly primary or proffered, and what content is not‐at‐issue. Evidentials contribute not‐at‐issue content, more specifically what I will call a not‐at‐issue restriction. In addition, evidentials can affect the level of commitment a sentence makes to the main proposition, contributed by sentential mood. Building on recent work in the formal semantics of evidentials and related phenomena, the proposed semantics does not appeal to separate dimensions of illocutionary meaning. Instead, I argue that all sentences make three contributions: at‐issue content, not‐at‐issue content, and an illocutionary relation. At‐issue content is presented, made available for subsequent anaphora, but is not directly added to the common ground. Not‐at‐issue content directly updates the common ground. The illocutionary relation uses the at‐issue content to impose structure on the common ground, which, depending on the clause type (e.g., declarative, interrogative), can trigger further updates. Empirical support for this proposal comes from Cheyenne (Algonquian, primary data from the author’s fieldwork), English, and a wide variety of languages that have been discussed in the literature on evidentials.

Can Groups Assert That P?

2019 ◽  
pp. 326-344
Author(s):  
Deborah Tollefsen
Keyword(s):  
Common Ground ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Single Individual ◽  
Constitutive Rule ◽  
The Past ◽  
Group Members ◽  
The Common ◽  
Declarative Statement ◽  
John Macfarlane

When a group or institution issues a declarative statement, what sort of speech act is this? Is it the assertion of a single individual (perhaps the group’s spokesperson or leader) or the assertion of all or most of the group members? Or is there a sense in which the group itself asserts that p? If assertion is a speech act, then who is the actor in the case of group assertion? These are the questions this chapter aims to address. Whether groups themselves can make assertions or whether a group of individuals can jointly assert that p depends, in part, on what sort of speech act assertion is. The literature on assertion has burgeoned over the past few years, and there is a great deal of debate regarding the nature of assertion. John MacFarlane has helpfully identified four theories of assertion. Following Sandy Goldberg, we can call these the attitudinal account, the constitutive rule account, the common-ground account, and the commitment account. I shall consider what group assertion might look like under each of these accounts and doing so will help us to examine some of the accounts of group assertion (often presented as theories of group testimony) on offer. I shall argue that, of the four accounts, the commitment account can best be extended to make sense of group assertion in all its various forms.

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