scholarly journals Distribution Patterns and Floristic Analysis of the Colymbada Tauromenitana (Guss.) Holub Populations in Sicily (Italy)

2014 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saverio Sciandrello ◽  
Sonia D’agostino
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Risk Status ◽  
The Third ◽  
Floristic Analysis ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Main Factor

AbstractColymbada tauromenitana(Guss.) Holub (Asteraceae) is a rare paleoendem-ic, chasmophyte species, occurring on calcareous cliffs in the eastern part of Sicily (Italy). The aim of this work is to analyze the structure and floristic composition of theC. tauromenitanacommunity, in order to characterize the diversity of populations in relation to different ecological data. In all, 61 plots were examined. For each plot, the floristic composition and the cover of the species were determined using the standard relevé method. Three vegetation types emerged from canonical components analysis (CCA), correlated to a gradient of environmental conditions ranging from the coast to inland areas. The first group withLomelosia creticaandDianthus rupicolasubsp.rupicolawas correlated to thermo-xerophilous conditions (lower thermo-Mediterranean belt), the second group withSilene fruticosaandColymbada tauromenitanawas linked to thermophilous conditions (upper thermo-Mediterranean belt) and the third withDianthus siculusandOdontites boc-coneiwas correlated to mesophilous conditions (meso-Mediterranean belt). Altitude is the main factor influencing both species richness and floristic composition. The density ofC. tauromenitanais influenced mainly by rainfall. Finally, we propose a new risk status for this rare species.

scholarly journals Liana species composition differs, in spite of trait similarities, in two adjacent forest types in Central Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 1215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Souza Brito ◽  
Alexandre Ferraro ◽  
Robyn J. Burnham ◽  
Ângela Lúcia Bagnatori Sartori ◽  
Vivian Almeida Assunção
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Climbing Plants ◽  
Dispersal Syndromes

In the Parana basin, the Serra de Maracaju juxtaposes the Seasonal Dry Forest and the cerradão (a phytophysiognomy of Cerrado), two distinct vegetation types that differ in canopy height, tree density, and composition of the understory. In the same way, these differences may be reflected in the composition of climbing plant species found in these two forest types. Thus, in this study we compared the climbing species in two forest fragments of Serra de Maracaju to understand: (1) Are species richness and floristic composition of climbing plants similar in cerradão and seasonal deciduous forest?, (2) What degree of floristic compositional difference exists between the two vegetation types?, (3) Do the two vegetation types differ significantly in climbing mechanisms, life forms, and dispersal syndromes represented among climbing species? For this, we established and sampled four plots per forest type over 24 months. Species were identified and each one classified, based on three discrete traits. Proportional differences were analyzed using chi-square tests. Our results showed that species richness and floristic composition of climbing plants in the cerradão and the seasonal deciduous forest were not similar. Climber species richness in cerradão was 37 while in the seasonal deciduous forest it was 31; they share only 13 species. Four families, Dioscoreaceae, Fabaceae, Malpighiaceae, and Sapindaceae, included over 60% of the climbing species. The morphological traits most common in both forest types were herbaceous life form, apical twining mechanism, and wind dispersal. Dioscoreaceae was found to be the dominant family, but is the first time to be reported for this condition in Brazil. Bignoniaceae and Passifloraceae ocurred only in the cerradão, and Asteraceae and Combretaceae in the seasonal deciduous forest; some species were found exclusively in a type of forest. Floristic composition of the cerradão and seasonal deciduous forest fragments were substantially different, in spite of physical proximity. However, their climbing species are not statistically distinct in morphological characteristics, possibly due to uniform climatic conditions and the similarity of species because of a shared ancestry (similar families).

A comparison of Mopaneveld vegetation in South Africa, Namibia and Zimbabwe

Bothalia ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Siebert ◽  
G. J. Bredenkamp ◽  
S. J. Siebert
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Environmental Gradients ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Rainfall Events

Data from fifteen phytosociological studies were merged and classified to describe and compare the vegetation of geo­graphically separated and climatically different Mopanev eld types in South Africa. Namibia and Zimbabw e. Seven v egetation types and ten major plant communities were identified using TW INSPAN. Vegetation types were separated according to geo­graphical regions. There were significant floristic affinities even though there w ere geological and climatic differences between the regions. Plant communities were described according to vegetation structure, habitat and floristic composition. Although environmental data were not adequate for a detailed ordination. DECORANA reflected the distribution of vegetation types and major plant communities along environmental gradients. Limitations of large phytosociological syntheses were also addressed. Species richness (alpha diversity) was calculated for each geographical region. The Musina (Messina) region north of the Soutpansberg. South Africa, has the highest species richness, and Kaokoland. Namibia, the lowest Due to irregular annual rainfall patterns in semi-arid Mopaneveld, it is suggested that variance in species richness is associated with temporal vegeta­tion states induced by rainfall events. Species richness of Mopaneveld was further compared w ith other sav anna types.

scholarly journals The improvement of molluscs population: as a parameter of success of local scale mangrove conservation on the south coast of Lombok

2021 ◽  
Vol 913 (1) ◽  
pp. 012047
Author(s):  
Agil Al Idrus ◽  
Baiq Nunung Hidayati ◽  
Erna Ajizah ◽  
Wahyu Bintang Ilahi ◽  
Abdul Syukur
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Local Scale ◽  
Marine Biota ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Observation Methods ◽  
Mollusc Species ◽  
Main Factor ◽  
Mangrove Conservation

Abstract Mangroves are known by local people as mangrove plants that contribute to the sustainability of the diversity of marine biota species, such as molluscs. At the study site, mangrove conservation activities have been carried out by the community and are thought to influence the development of molluscs populations significantly. The study aims to assess the results of local-scale mangrove conservation with the development of molluscs populations. The research method uses observation methods with transect methods for ecological data. Ecological data analysis uses the index of evenness, richness, and diversity. The analysis found 27 species of molluscs consisting of 21 species of gastropods and 6 species of bivalves. The highest evenness and diversity was found at 2.4 in Gerupuk, while the highest wealth index was 16.8 in Poton Bakau. Furthermore, the molluscs species found consists of two classes, namely bivalves and gastropods. The main factor in determining species richness, is more determined by the condition of the substrate. In this case, the presence of mangroves is very important in creating the substrate conditions needed by the diversity of mollusc species. Therefore, mangrove conservation is very important for the protection and preservation and diversity of molluscs species. Information on the ecological potential of mangroves on fauna diversity, especially molluscs, can be a major source of ecosystem-based marine resource management, such as at the study site.

Small-scale patterns of species richness and floristic composition in relation to microsite variation in herb-rich woodlands

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 271 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. Price ◽  
J. W. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Light Availability ◽  
Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Character Species ◽  
Weak Support

Non-riverine Eucalyptus camaldulensis (red gum) woodlands with herbaceous understoreys in southern Australia have been recognised as botanically significant due to their high small-scale species richness, but little is known about the factors that underpin these patterns. To examine the influence of local environmental variation (microsites) on small-scale vegetation patterns, we sampled vegetation under trees, away from trees, and in depressions and hummocks in three herb-rich woodlands. Trees influenced both the composition and richness of the ground-layer vegetation, with reductions in species richness found under trees in sites where incident light availability was reduced by >40%. Species composition and richness differed between microsites, indicating that spatial heterogeneity is an important factor affecting species distribution patterns. Patchiness in relation to abiotic factors creates environmentally and compositionally distinct patterns. Indicator species analysis found that all microsites could be distinguished by character species with some evidence for microsite limitation for only a few species, lending weak support for a niche-based model of community assembly for herb-rich woodlands. A more plausible explanation for extremely high small-scale species richness is the lack of dominant species in these low productivity woodlands.

scholarly journals Floristic analysis of the Mountain Zebra National Park, Eastern Cape

Koedoe ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Pond ◽  
B.B. Beesley ◽  
L.R. Brown ◽  
H. Bezuidenhout
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Vegetation Dynamics ◽  
National Park ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Plant Species Richness ◽  
Cape Floristic Region ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Floristic Analysis ◽  
Very High ◽  
Red Data Species

As part of a larger project to assess the vegetation dynamics and conservation potential of the enlarged Mountain Zebra National Park, a checklist was produced to determine the plant species richness for this area. Six hundred and eighty species, represented by 333 genera and 87 families were identified. One hundred and eighty species belong to the Monocotyledoneae and 479 species to the Dicotyledoneae. By far the largest families are the Asteraceae with 129 and the Poaceae with 82 species. Thirteen Red Data species were recorded. A number of fynbos elements were encountered, the most noteworthy being two families endemic to the Cape Floristic Region, the Penaeaceae and Grubbiaceae. A very high species to square kilometre ratio of 5.05 supports the area’s rich floristic composition.

scholarly journals Butterfly Species Richness in Selected West Albertine Rift Forests

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Patrice Kasangaki ◽  
Anne M. Akol ◽  
Gilbert Isabirye Basuta
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Butterfly Species ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Albertine Rift ◽  
The Third ◽  
Closed Forest ◽  
High Species Richness ◽  
Components Analysis

The butterfly species richness of 17 forests located in the western arm of the Albertine Rift in Uganda was compared using cluster analysis and principal components analysis (PCA) to assess similarities among the forests. The objective was to compare the butterfly species richness of the forests. A total of 630 butterfly species were collected in 5 main families. The different species fell into 7 ecological groupings with the closed forest group having the most species and the swamp/wetland group with the fewest number of species. Three clusters were obtained. The first cluster had forests characterized by relatively high altitude and low species richness despite the big area in the case of Rwenzori and being close to the supposed Pleistocene refugium. The second cluster had forests far away from the supposed refugium except Kisangi and moderate species richness with small areas, whereas the third cluster had those forests that were more disturbed, high species richness, and low altitudinal levels with big areas.

scholarly journals Do habitat fragmentation and fire influence variation of plant species composition, structure and diversity within three regional ecosystems on the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia?

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohan Etherington ◽  
Alison Shapcott
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Habitat Fragmentation ◽  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Patch Size ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Time Since Fire ◽  
Fixed Sample ◽  
Open Forest ◽  
Composition Structure

Habitat fragmentation is considered to be one of the greatest threats to biodiversity. Species richness is predicted to decrease with decreasing patch size and increasing isolation, and this has been shown in some ecosystems. However, few studies have specifically investigated the effects of fragmentation on specific vegetation types, or compared different vegetation types within the same region. In this study, we assessed the influence of habitat fragmentation and time since fire on the floristic composition, structure and diversity of three ecosystems with varying fire proneness within the Sunshine Coast region. This study found that the tall-open forest ecosystem (RE 12.9-10.14) had higher overall species richness within fixed sample areas used for this study than did either open forest (RE 12.5.3) or gallery rainforest (RE 12.3.1), because it was composed of species typical of each of these ecosystem types. Open forest species richness was found mostly in the lower stratum, whereas gallery rainforest diversity was found in the upper stratum. Species richness decreased with increasing isolation in the open forest ecosystem where seeds are mostly abiotically dispersed. However, this study did not find strong evidence for reduced species richness within smaller patches in any ecosystem type studied; instead, finding species richness decreased with increasing patch size in the open forest ecosystem. Overall, across ecosystems, time since fire affected vegetation structure, but in fire-prone ecosystems, time since fire was not a determinant of species richness within the sites studied.

First record of Scorzoneroides muelleri (Asteraceae) in Apulia: phytosociological analysis and conservation status in Italy

Biologia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saverio Sciandrello ◽  
Giuseppe Silletti ◽  
Valeria Tomaselli
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
First Record ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
New Localities ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
The Mediterranean Basin

AbstractScorzoneroides muelleri (Sch. Bip.) Greuter & Talavera (Asteraceae), a very rare species, is a hygrophyte occurring in the southern part of the Mediterranean basin. In Italy, the presence of this species is confirmed for Sicily, while in Sardinia and Liguria it has not been recorded any longer. Three new localities, recently found in Apulia (southern Italy), are here reported. The floristic composition of Scorzoneroides muelleri communities in Italy is here analyzed, in order to characterize the diversity of populations in relation to different ecological conditions and assess their conservation status at regional level. A total of 70 plots were surveyed. For each plot, the floristic composition and cover of the species were determined using standard method of relevés. Cluster analysis and Principal Components Analysis (PCA) allowed the identification of three vegetation types which correlated with ecological gradients ranging from the coast to inland areas. The first is characterized by the presence of Lythrum hyssopifolia (coastal zone, Sicily), the second by the presence of Trisetaria aurea (inland zone, Sicily) and the third by Sphenopus divaricatus (coastal zone, Apulia). The limited distribution of this taxon is a probably a consequence of the degradation, fragmentation and reduction of its natural habitat.

scholarly journals Impact of Livestock Grazing on the Floristic Composition: A Case Study of the Mount of Tessala, Western Algeria

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-200
Author(s):  
Cherifi Kouider ◽  
Zoheir Mehdadi ◽  
Ali Latreche ◽  
Zouaoui Hazem ◽  
Wael El Zerey
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Livestock Grazing ◽  
Western Algeria ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Palatable Species ◽  
The Impact ◽  
North And South ◽  
Grazing Pressures

The present work focuses on evaluating the impact of livestock grazing on the floristic composition in the mount of Tessala (Western Algeria). Phytoecological surveys were carried out at seven stations around north and south slopes of the mount. The obtained results through Principal Components Analysis (PCA) indicated the impact of man and herd on the floristic composition of sampling stations. Indeed, stations where grazing is low, have greater species richness marked by the strong presence of palatable species, unlike stations under permanent grazing, characterized in particular by the appearance of non-palatable species. Moreover, we note the dominance of therophytes at all stations not only due to grazing pressures but also to drought in the study area. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v3i3.11078 International Journal of Environment Vol.3(3) 2014: 186-200

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