Conception of vadose zone research in the area of Goczałkowice reservoir.

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
Joanna Czekaj ◽  
Kamil Trepka
Keyword(s):  
Vadose Zone ◽  
Unsaturated Zone ◽  
Vertical Profile ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Nitrate Transport ◽  
Strategic Research ◽  
Research Site ◽  
Observation Wells

Abstract Goczałkowice reservoir is one of the main source of drinking water for Upper Silesia Region. In reference to Water Frame Directive matter since 2010 the strategic research project: „Integrated system supporting management and protection of dammed reservoir (ZiZoZap)”, which is being conducted on Goczałkowice reservoir, has been pursued. In the framework of this project complex groundwater monitoring is carried on. One aspect is vadose zone research, conducted to obtain information about changes in chemical composition of infiltrating water and mass transport within this zone. Based on historical data and the structural model of direct catchment of Goczałkowice reservoir location of the vadose zone research site was selected. At the end of November 2012 specially designed lysimeter was installed with 10 MacroRhizon samplers at each lithological variation in unsaturated zone. This lysimeter, together with nested observation wells, located in the direct proximity, create the vadose zone research site which main aim is specifying the amount of nitrate transport in the vertical profile.

Nitrate transport in the chalk vadose zone in in Picardy (France)

2021 ◽  
pp. SP517-2020-164
Author(s):  
N. Surdyk ◽  
L. Gourcy ◽  
V. Bault ◽  
N. Baran
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Vadose Zone ◽  
Nitrate Concentration ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Nitrate Transport ◽  
Transport Time ◽  
Major Question ◽  
Noticeable Effect ◽  
Fertiliser Application ◽  
The Impact

AbstractSince the 1980s, nitrate has been shown to be present in soils and the vadose zone of various types of geological materials years after fertiliser application. In chalk where the vadose zone is thick, nitrate storage can be considerable and its transport time toward groundwater can be lengthy.In this context, evaluation of the impact of changes in agricultural practices on groundwater quality remains a major question. Improvement of groundwater quality can in certain cases be greatly delayed after the implementation of environmental agricultural practices.The principal objective of this study is to improve our knowledge of when changes in agricultural practices will have a noticeable effect on groundwater quality.To meet this objective, nitrate concentration profiles were performed in agricultural plots in Picardy (France). A crop marker event was used to calculate the transport velocity of water and associated solutes. This method is useful when other tracers (as tritium or chlorine) cannot be used. Estimated velocities range from 0.51 to 0.54 m/year; these values are similar to those described in similar chalk aquifers.

scholarly journals Real-time monitoring of nitrate transport in the deep vadose zone under a crop field – implications for groundwater protection

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 3099-3108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuvia Turkeltaub ◽  
Daniel Kurtzman ◽  
Ofer Dahan
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Vadose Zone ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Isotopic Signature ◽  
Nitrate Transport ◽  
Mass Migration ◽  
Crop Field

Abstract. Nitrate is considered the most common non-point pollutant in groundwater. It is often attributed to agricultural management, when excess application of nitrogen fertilizer leaches below the root zone and is eventually transported as nitrate through the unsaturated zone to the water table. A lag time of years to decades between processes occurring in the root zone and their final imprint on groundwater quality prevents proper decision-making on land use and groundwater-resource management. This study implemented the vadose-zone monitoring system (VMS) under a commercial crop field. Data obtained by the VMS for 6 years allowed, for the first time known to us, a unique detailed tracking of water percolation and nitrate migration from the surface through the entire vadose zone to the water table at 18.5 m depth. A nitrate concentration time series, which varied with time and depth, revealed – in real time – a major pulse of nitrate mass propagating down through the vadose zone from the root zone toward the water table. Analysis of stable nitrate isotopes indicated that manure is the prevalent source of nitrate in the deep vadose zone and that nitrogen transformation processes have little effect on nitrate isotopic signature. The total nitrogen mass calculations emphasized the nitrate mass migration towards the water table. Furthermore, the simulated pore-water velocity through analytical solution of the convection–dispersion equation shows that nitrate migration time from land surface to groundwater is relatively rapid, approximately 5.9 years. Ultimately, agricultural land uses, which are constrained to high nitrogen application rates and coarse soil texture, are prone to inducing substantial nitrate leaching.

Nitrate transport in the unsaturated zone: a case study of the riverbank filtration system Karany, Czech Republic

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 640-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frantisek Buzek ◽  
Renata Kadlecova ◽  
Ivana Jackova ◽  
Zdena Lnenickova
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Unsaturated Zone ◽  
Riverbank Filtration ◽  
Nitrate Transport ◽  
Filtration System

Richards Equation-Based Modeling to Estimate Flow and Nitrate Transport in a Deep Alluvial Vadose Zone

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. vzj2011.0145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farag E. Botros ◽  
Yuksel S. Onsoy ◽  
Timothy R. Ginn ◽  
Thomas Harter
Keyword(s):  
Vadose Zone ◽  
Richards Equation ◽  
Nitrate Transport ◽  
Estimate Flow

Water quality dependence on the depth of the vadose zone in SAT-simulated soil columns

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Cha ◽  
H. Choi ◽  
J. Kim ◽  
J. Cho
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Vadose Zone ◽  
Unsaturated Zone ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Soil Aquifer Treatment ◽  
Soil Columns ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Aquifer Characteristics ◽  
Zone Depth ◽  
Flooding Period

Three soil aquifer treatment (SAT) columns were operated for five months to investigate the dependence of the treated water quality upon the depth of unsaturated vadose zone in terms of its organics, nitrogen and phosphorus contents. It was found that DOC removal was independent of the unsaturated vadose zone depth except during the initial flooding period when the effluent was injected into each column. From tests to study the nitrate profile, it was found that the pattern of nitrification was dependent on the depth of the unsaturated zone during the initial periods of SAT flooding. However, no further nitrification occurred at the end of the flooding since the injection of the effluent continued to provide a high loading concentration to the SAT columns. The lack of phosphate removal in this study indicates that its removal is more dependent upon the soils and aquifer characteristics than on the depth of unsaturated zone.

ON THE INFLUENCE OF WORD REPRESENTATIONS FOR HANDWRITTEN WORD SPOTTING IN HISTORICAL DOCUMENTS

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (05) ◽  
pp. 1263002 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOSEP LLADÓS ◽  
MARÇAL RUSIÑOL ◽  
ALICIA FORNÉS ◽  
DAVID FERNÁNDEZ ◽  
ANJAN DUTTA
Keyword(s):  
Structural Model ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Historical Documents ◽  
Bag Of Visual Words ◽  
George Washington ◽  
Word Spotting ◽  
Visual Words ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Word Representation ◽  
Word Images

Word spotting is the process of retrieving all instances of a queried keyword from a digital library of document images. In this paper we evaluate the performance of different word descriptors to assess the advantages and disadvantages of statistical and structural models in a framework of query-by-example word spotting in historical documents. We compare four word representation models, namely sequence alignment using DTW as a baseline reference, a bag of visual words approach as statistical model, a pseudo-structural model based on a Loci features representation, and a structural approach where words are represented by graphs. The four approaches have been tested with two collections of historical data: the George Washington database and the marriage records from the Barcelona Cathedral. We experimentally demonstrate that statistical representations generally give a better performance, however it cannot be neglected that large descriptors are difficult to be implemented in a retrieval scenario where word spotting requires the indexation of data with million word images.

Oxygen profiling of the unsaturated zone using direct push drilling

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 1680-1688 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sopilniak ◽  
R. Elkayam ◽  
O. Lev ◽  
T. Elad
Keyword(s):  
Vadose Zone ◽  
Unsaturated Zone ◽  
Aquifer Recharge ◽  
Direct Push ◽  
System P ◽  
Surface Spreading

A method based on direct push drilling for oxygen profiling of the unsaturated zone was introduced and demonstrated in the vadose zone of a surface spreading aquifer recharge system.

scholarly journals NITRATE TRANSPORT IN THE UNSATURATED ZONE

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patience Bosompemaa ◽  
◽  
Eric Peterson ◽  
Bill Perry ◽  
Wondwosen Mekonnen Seyoum
Keyword(s):  
Unsaturated Zone ◽  
Nitrate Transport
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