Alien and native woody plants in scattered vegetation in agricultural landscape

AbstractThe woody plant species composition has been evaluated in three cadastral territories of southwestern Slovakia, together in 77 habitats of non-forest woody vegetation (NFWV). A total of 43 tree species have been identified; 8 of them were alien and 5 species were cultural fruit trees. In total 20 shrub species were identified, out of which 3 were alien. Three woody species are classified as invasive according to the law in Slovakia: Acer negundo L., Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle, and Lycium barbarum L. They occurred only in 2, maximum in 4 of the evaluated habitats. The most occurring alien tree species Robinia pseudoacacia L. was generally identified in 58 habitats and in 48 habitats, with an incidence over 40% and dominance index of 70.6. The second most occurring alien tree Populus × canadensis had a dominance index of 8.3. The dominant native trees in NFWV were Acer campestre L., Fraxinus excelsior L., Quercus robur L., Salix fragilis L. with the dominance index of 1–5 only.

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Functional relationship between woody plants and insect communities in response to Bursaphelenchus xylophilus infestation in the Three Gorges Reservoir region

10.22541/au.161063734.48117379/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zhuang Wang ◽

Lijuan Zhao ◽

Jiaqi Liu ◽

Yajie Yang ◽

Juan Shi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Communities ◽

Tree Species ◽

Woody Plants ◽

Functional Relationship ◽

Woody Plant ◽

Principal Component ◽

Bursaphelenchus Xylophilus ◽

Insect Community ◽

Insect Communities ◽

Masson Pine

To study the effect of the invasion of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus on the functional relationship between woody plants and insect communities, the populations of tree species and insect communities were investigative in the Masson pine forests with different infestation durations of B. xylophilus. In this study, the number of Pinus massoniana began to decrease sharply, whereas the total number of other tree species in the arboreal layer increased gradually with the infestation duration of B. xylophilus. The principal component analysis ordination biplot shows that there was a significant change in the spatial distribution of woody plant species in different Masson pine forest stands. Additionally, a total of 7,188 insect specimens was obtained. The insect population showed an upward trend in stand types with the increase of pine wilt disease infection periods, which demonstrated that the insect community had been significantly affected by the invasion of B. xylophilus. The structure of insect functional groups changed from herbivorous (He) > omnivorous (Om) > predatory (Pr) > parasitic (Pa) > detritivorous (De) in the control stand to He > Pa > Om, De > Pr after B. xylophilus infestation in the forests. The results showed that the populations of He, Pa, and De increased after the invasion of B. xylophilus, but the populations of Pr decreased. Moreover, the redundancy analysis ordination bi-plots reflected the complicated functional relationship between woody plant communities and insects after the invasion of B. xylophilus. The present study provides insights into the changes in the community structure of woody plants and insects, as well as the functional relationship between woody plant communities and insect communities after invasion of B. xylophilus.

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OVERSPREADING OF VISCUM ALBUM L. ON HONEY PLANTS IN THE CONDITIONS OF VINNYTSIA REGION

Agriculture and Forestry ◽

10.37128/2707-5826-2019-3-4-16 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 195-202

Author(s):

Serhii Razanov ◽

Volodymyr Nedashkivskyi

Keyword(s):

Tree Species ◽

Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽

Viscum Album ◽

Tilia Cordata ◽

Acer Platanoides ◽

Local Damage ◽

Acer Campestre ◽

Tilia Platyphyllos ◽

Robinia Pseudoacacia L ◽

Forest Lands

The intensity of damaging the nectar and pollen trees of forest lands, parks and woods in the conditions of Vinnytsia region has been studied. It has been found that in the zones of the highest local overspreading of Viscum album L. on the nectar and pollen trees, the following sequence of their damage is observed, in particular, in the conditions of forest lands: Tilia cordata L.-Tilia platyphyllos L. -Acer platanoides L.- Acer tataricum L.; in the parks: Acer platanoides L.- Acer tataricum L.- Tilia cordata L.- Acer campestre L.- Tilia platyphyllos L. - Robinia pseudoacacia L.; in the woods: Robinia pseudoacacia L. - Tilia platyphyllos L. - Acer tataricum L. It depended both on the composition of the nectar and pollen trees and their number in the area of distribution of the parasite. It was found that the level of damage to the nectar-dust-bearing trees of forest lands, parks and forest strips was respectively within 11.7% - 34.6%, 28.5% - 85.5% and 38.4% - 84.8%. Characterizing the intensity of distribution of white mistletoe within the forest lands, it should be noted that damage to the Tilia cordata L. – 34,6%, Tilia platyphyllos L. – 23,5%, Acer platanoides L. and Acer tataricum L.– 25,0% and 11,7% . In the conditions of park plantations, damage to Viscum album L.: Tilia cordta– 51,6%, Tilia platyphyllos L. – 52,9%, Viscum album L. – 28,5%, Acer platanoides L. – 85,5%, Acer campestre L. – 71,4% and Acer tataricum L.– 63,6%. Analysis of the intensity of Viscum album L. distribution on the nectar-pollen-bearing trees of the forest area under the highways showed that this parasite was damaged: Tilia platyphyllos L. – 38,4%, Viscum album L. – 84%, Acer campestre L. – 42,8%. The intensity of damage to nectar-pollen was found to depend on the dominant tree species in the area of local Viscum album L. In the woodland, a greater proportion of the nectar-bearing trees were Tilia, in the park zones – Acer platanoides L. and in the forest strips -– Viscum album L., at the same time, and a larger percentage were observed of damaged trees in these species. The distribution of Viscum album L. depended not only on the breed of nectar-pollen-bearing trees, but also on the number of trees of a particular variety in the area of their local damage by this parasite.

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Absorption and translocation of [14C]glyphosate in four woody plant species

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x92-107 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 22 (6) ◽

pp. 785-789 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Thomas H. Green ◽

Patrick J. Minogue ◽

Charles H. Brewer ◽

Glenn R. Glover ◽

Dean H. Gjerstad

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Loblolly Pine ◽

Woody Plants ◽

Woody Plant ◽

Southeastern United States ◽

Herbicide Tolerance ◽

Woody Species ◽

Red Maple ◽

White Oak ◽

Foliar Absorption

Absorption and translocation patterns of radio-labelled glyphosate (N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine) were examined in four species of woody plants to determine mechanisms of herbicide tolerance in species common to the southeastern United States. Loblolly pine (Pinustaeda L.) and yaupon (Ilexvomitoria (L.) Ait.), both tolerant to the herbicide, absorbed significantly less glyphosate than did red maple (Acerrubrum L.) or white oak (Quercusalba L.), indicating the importance of foliar absorption as a barrier to glyphosate entry. Although herbicide absorption was similar between the sensitive white oak and the tolerant red maple, white oak accumulated more glyphosate in the roots than did red maple, indicating that translocation patterns also contribute significantly to glyphosate tolerance in some woody species.

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Termitaria as browsing hotspots for African megaherbivores in miombo woodland

Journal of Tropical Ecology ◽

10.1017/s0266467403001202 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 337-343 ◽

Cited By ~ 56

Author(s):

John P. Loveridge ◽

Stein R. Moe

Keyword(s):

Woody Plants ◽

Woody Plant ◽

Woody Species ◽

Acacia Nilotica ◽

Termite Mound ◽

Miombo Woodland ◽

Termite Mounds ◽

Dichrostachys Cinerea ◽

Colophospermum Mopane ◽

Mound Construction

Thirteen termite mounds and 13 similar-sized control plots were surveyed in central Zimbabwe in order to study large mammalian browsing and vegetation characteristics. The mounds supported almost twice as many tree species as the control plots and the woody vegetation was denser on mounds compared with the woodland plots. Species of woody plants were recorded along with the percentage of branches browsed (cumulative browsing score) by black rhino, Diceros bicornis, elephant, Loxodonta africana and other browsers combined. In addition we measured how the cumulative browsing score on three woody plant species, Acacia nilotica, Colophospermum mopane and Dichrostachys cinerea, which were common both on and off mounds, was related to the distance from mound centre. Both black rhino and elephant cumulative browsing scores were significantly higher on the mound plants compared with the woodland plots. Cumulative browsing score was negatively related to distance from the mound centre for Dichrostachys cinerea, Colophospermum mopane and Acacia nilotica. We propose that termite mound construction in miombo woodland contributes to sustaining populations of megaherbivores and perhaps some woody species in these areas.

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The daytime woody plants water output by transpiration

Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis ◽

10.11118/actaun200553020163 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 53 (2) ◽

pp. 163-176

Author(s):

Medet Kenjebaevich Akhmatov ◽

Petr Salaš

Keyword(s):

Woody Plants ◽

Water Exchange ◽

Woody Plant ◽

Woody Species ◽

Water Security ◽

Plant Transpiration ◽

Water Output ◽

To Receive ◽

The City ◽

Physiological Research

For the ecological-physiological research, and in particular water exchange, it is necessary to study a plant entire. The data about the daytime change of whole woody plant transpiration help to determine a degree of this or that woody species influence on air humidizing and that way on a microclimate as well, and also to receive necessary information about rational formation of woody plantings as the city boundaries and forest shelterbelts and on sites with various water-security.

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Herbicide Application Techniques for Woody Plant Control

EDIS ◽

10.32473/edis-ag245-2006 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2006 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jason Ferrell ◽

Ken Langeland ◽

Brent Sellers

Keyword(s):

Woody Plants ◽

Woody Plant ◽

Woody Species ◽

Publication Date ◽

Original Publication ◽

Common Occurrence ◽

Herbicide Application ◽

Application Techniques ◽

Plant Control ◽

Cherry Trees

The progression of trees and other woody plants into pastures, fencerows, ditch banks, rights-of-way and other areas is a common occurrence. These woody species can be particularly troublesome and require control since they will compromise fence intregrity, impede canal drainage, interfere with transmission of electricity, and some species (such as cherry trees) are highly poisonous to livestock. The aim of this publication is to detail the techniques for the removal of woody plants. This document is SS-AGR-260, one of a series of the Agronomy Department, UF/IFAS Extension. Original publication date January 2006. Reviewed November 2006. SS-AGR-260/AG245: Herbicide Application Techniques for Woody Plant Control (ufl.edu)

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Pre-forcing Treatments Influence Bud Break and Shoot Elongation in Forced Woody Species

Journal of Environmental Horticulture ◽

10.24266/0738-2898-10.2.101 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 101-103

Author(s):

Guochen Yang ◽

Paul E. Read

Keyword(s):

In Vitro Culture ◽

Plant Species ◽

Woody Plants ◽

Woody Plant ◽

Woody Species ◽

Extended Period ◽

Shoot Elongation ◽

Bud Break ◽

Cold Requirement

Abstract Experiments were conducted to evaluate the feasibility of pre-forcing treatments for the release of bud dormancy of dormant stems of lilac, privet and Vanhoutte spirea. The new softwood growth of these dormant stems was used either as explants for in vitro culture or as cuttings for rooting studies of woody plant species in the off-season. A pre-forcing 15% bleach solution (0.78% NaOCl) soak hastened bud break, enhanced percentage of bud break, and promoted shoot elongation. Pre-forcing wetting agent treatments produced similar results to those of the bleach soak with variation among wetting agents and plant species. Smaller treatment differences were observed in the forcing characteristics when stems were collected later in the winter, probably because the cold requirement of the buds had been completely or partially met. This technique will provide explants for in vitro culture and softwood cuttings for propagation of woody plants over an extended period.

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Micropropagation of Shorea robusta: an economically important woody plant

Journal of Forest Science ◽

10.17221/80/2013-jfs ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 60 (No. 2) ◽

pp. 70-74 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

M. Singh ◽

S. Sonkusale ◽

Ch. Niratker ◽

P. Shukla

Keyword(s):

Tree Species ◽

Woody Plants ◽

Woody Plant ◽

In Vitro Regeneration ◽

Shoot Proliferation ◽

Nodal Explants ◽

Shorea Robusta ◽

Shoot Initiation

Shorea robusta is a valuable tree species which provides good quality timber along with other useful materials like seeds which can be used as a source of starch. Woody plants are difficult to regenerate under in vitro conditions and only some success has been achieved so far. Here we have presented the data for successful in vitro regeneration of S. robusta using nodal explants. Shoot proliferation and rooting were also successfully achieved in subsequent subcultures. The best medium for shoot initiation and proliferation was found to be WPM with 1.0 mg·l–1 BAP and 0.5 mg·l–1 NAA and 1.0 mg·l–1 BAP +0.5 mg·l–1 NAA, respectively. Likewise for rooting WPM medium with 0.5 mg·l–1 IBA was found to be the best medium.

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Woody Plants Affected by Ungulates in Winter Period, Impacts and Bark Renewal

Ekológia (Bratislava) ◽

10.1515/eko-2015-0023 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 235-248 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Marta Nevřelová ◽

Jana Ružičková

Keyword(s):

Cervus Elaphus ◽

Woody Plants ◽

Capreolus Capreolus ◽

Woody Species ◽

Fraxinus Excelsior ◽

Winter Period ◽

Bark Stripping ◽

Acer Campestre ◽

Mild Winter ◽

Trees And Shrubs

AbstractDue to biotope fragmentation and changes in landscape structure, opportunities for forest animals to migrate and obtain food are diminishing, especially during extreme winter conditions. The main objective of this research was an assessment of ungulates, impact on woody species, evaluation of damage forms and bark renewal phases of affected woody plants. The study area is located in western Slovakia in the southeast part of Male Karpaty Mts. After the very cold and long winter of 2012/2013, 34% of woody plants were damaged by bark stripping and biting on the forest locality and 53% of evaluated trees and shrubs were damaged by biting off shoots in the non-forest locality. Together, 262 woody plants belonging to 15 species were evaluated; the girth of tree trunks and stripped bark patches were measured. The most severely affected tree species, suffering from bark stripping and bitten-off sprouts, was Fraxinus excelsior; Acer campestre was also significantly affected. Results showed that woody plants provide a significant part of hoofed mammal nutrition (especially Capreolus capreolus and Cervus elaphus). The stripped bark dendromass per forested area of 625 m2 reached 3 m2. After the mild winter in 2014, the majority (93.7%) of previously affected Fraxinus excelsior trees in the forest locality had only old damages with renewed bark in different phases of regeneration. In the non-forest locality, 96% of young Fraxinus excelsior, damaged in the winter of 2013, shot up new sprouts. The mortality of affected trees was minimal (4−5%).

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Dendroflora of the Nataliivskyi Park (Kharkiv region, Ukraine): taxonomic diversity and monitoring of plantations

Plant Introduction ◽

10.46341/pi2020040 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 89-90 ◽

pp. 3-12

Author(s):

Alla Hryhorenko ◽

Yurii Klymenko

Keyword(s):

Picea Abies ◽

Tree Species ◽

Quercus Robur ◽

Woody Plant ◽

Forest Type ◽

Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽

Taxonomic Diversity ◽

Taxonomic Composition ◽

Invasive Tree ◽

Invasive Tree Species

To develop measures for the restoration of historic plantations and landscapes of the Nataliivskyi Park (Kharkiv region, Ukraine), the investigations of taxonomic composition and distribution of woody plant taxa, as well as structure of different landscape areas, were carried out in 2018–2019. The recent studies were realized according to the same protocol applied in 1997 by Y. Klymenko, and taking into account previously published data.In 1939, the dendroflora of the Nataliivskyi Park comprised about 100 taxa. Later, the number of taxa significantly decreased, and in 1950 the park’s dendroflora comprised only about 40 taxa. In 1997 there were 74 taxa reported. Since 1997, the taxonomic composition of the park’s dendroflora has been enriched by ten taxa and is currently represented by 84 taxa. Simultaneously, the number of valuable plants in the plantations decreased (only one or two plants represent some such taxa). Due to a bark beetle attack on drought-weakened trees of Picea abies and P. pungens, most of them withered. The area of allotments with Pinus sylvestris and Quercus robur remained almost the same, which indicates their stability. The area of allotments with the domination of such naturalized introducers as Acer negundo and Robinia pseudoacacia and the area of allotments with the domination of neither taxa have increased. In the landscapes, the redistribution of the types of areas appeared. The forest type of landscape became predominant, while the meadow type of landscape has almost disappeared.Hence, to restore historical plantings and landscapes, it is necessary to re-cultivate taxa represented here during the park’s heyday and remove invasive tree species. Although cuttings in protected areas are currently prohibited, our investigations showed that they might help preserve such valuable territories as Nataliivskyi Park.

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