scholarly journals Development of male sterile broccoli lines with raphanus sativus cytoplasm and assessment of their value for breeding purposes

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Kamiński
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Self Compatibility ◽  
High Level ◽  
Research Institute

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to obtain new broccoli lines with cytoplasmic male sterility trait for the development of the modern F1 hybrids. CDT70 cauliflower line obtained in the Research Institute of Horticulture, formerly Research Institute of Vegetable Crops, Skierniewice, Poland, with the reliable cytoplasmic male sterility from Raphanus sativus (Ogu-INRA) was selected as a source of this trait. Three broccoli lines: BMi, BCr1 and BCr2 were used as donors of commercial characters in all cross combinations with sterile components. Selected fertile broccoli genotypes were characterized by good quality, uniformity and high level of self-compatibility. The breeding procedure included three consecutive back crosses of male sterile genotypes with fertile broccoli lines that lasted from 2008 to 2012. In each generation, self-compatibility level, the stability of the male sterility trait and ability for the generative propagation of back-crossed genotypes were tested in comparison with donor broccoli lines in the greenhouse. The agronomical and morphological characters of the back-crossed progeny were also evaluated in the field. As a result, three CMS broccoli lines of Bc3 generation with good quality and high seeding index, suitable for the breeding purposes, were obtained.

Cytoplasmic male sterility in Desmodium

1969 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 227 ◽  
Author(s):  
KS McWhirter
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Pollen Fertility ◽  
Pollen Sterility ◽  
Hybrid Origin ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Genetic Stocks

A type of male sterility found in two Desmodium plants of probably interspecific hybrid origin was cytoplasmically inherited. The cytoplasmic male-sterile character was incorporated in the tropical legume Desmodium sandwicense by backcrossing. In this genetic background pollen sterility was complete. The male-sterile character was not graft-transmissible, and it produced no detectable pleiotropic effects on growth and development. Desmodium intortum gave restoration of pollen fertility in Fl hybrids with male-sterile lines of D. sandwicense. Restored F1 hybrids produced apparently normal pollen, but tests of functional ability of the pollen disclosed that pollen fertility was less than that of Fl hybrids with normal cytoplasm. Incomplete restoration of fertility was not due to heterozygosity of fertility-restoring genes with gametophytic expression, since fertility-restoring genes were shown to act sporophytically. The results established the occurrence in the legume Desmodium of a system of determination of the male-sterile, fertility-restored phenotypes that is similar to the cytoplasmic male sterility systems described in many other angiosperm plants. A scheme utilizing the genetic stocks produced in this study for commercial production of the interspecific hybrid D. sandwicense x D. intortum as a cultivar is presented.

Male sterility in field beans (Vicia faba L.). IV. Use of cytoplasmic male sterility in the production of F1 hybrids, and their performance in trials

1966 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Bond ◽  
J. L. Fyfe ◽  
Gillian Toynbee-Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
High Level ◽  
Tolerable Level ◽  
Field Beans

1. A method of producing hybrid beans with the aid of a cytoplasmic male-sterile is described.2. Most of the requirements of large scale production of hybrid seed can be met: use of genetic markers showed that the male sterility allowed 100% cross fertilization; there was no evidence of a deficiency of insect pollinators near Cambridge; and fertility restoring lines are available.3. The importance of being able to maintain a high level of sterility in the female parent line is emphasized. Methods of improving the proportion of sterile plants in the sterile phase of an inbred are discussed. The tolerable level of fertility in progenies of sterile parents depends on the level of sterility necessary in the female parent of the final cross. Five inbreds are being handled with less than 2% of fertile plants in their sterile phase.

scholarly journals The Dynamics of Gynodioecy in Plantago lanceolatu L. II. Mode of Action and Frequencies of Restorer Alleles

Genetics ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 147 (3) ◽  
pp. 1317-1328
Author(s):  
Anita A de Haan ◽  
Hans P Koelewijn ◽  
Maria P J Hundscheid ◽  
Jos M M Van Damme
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Allele Frequency ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Plantago Lanceolata ◽  
Allele Frequencies ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Male Fertility Restoration

Male fertility in Plantago lanceolata is controlled by the interaction of cytoplasmic and nuclear genes. Different cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) types can be either male sterile or hermaphrodite, depending on the presence of nuclear restorer alleles. In three CMS types of P. lanceolata (CMSI, CMSIIa, and CMSIIb) the number of loci involved in male fertility restoration was determined. In each CMS type, male fertility was restored by multiple genes with either dominant or recessive action and capable either of restoring male fertility independently or in interaction with each other (epistasis). Restorer allele frequencies for CMSI, CMSIIa and CMSIIb were determined by crossing hermaphrodites with “standard” male steriles. Segregation of male steriles vs. non-male steriles was used to estimate overall restorer allele frequency. The frequency of restorer alleles was different for the CMS types: restorer alleles for CMSI were less frequent than for CMSIIa and CMSIIb. On the basis of the frequencies of male steriles and the CMS types an “expected” restorer allele frequency could be calculated. The correlation between estimated and expected restorer allele frequency was significant.

scholarly journals INHERITANCE OF FERTILITY RESTORATION INVOLVING WILD ABORTIVE CYTOPLASMIC MALE STERILITY SYSTEM IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
M. J. Hasan ◽  
M. U. Kulsum ◽  
A. Ansari ◽  
A. K. Paul ◽  
P. L. Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Male Sterile Line

Inheritance of fertility restoration was studied in crosses involving ten elite restorer lines of rice viz. BR6839-41-5-1R, BR7013-62-1-1R, BR7011-37-1-2R, BR10R, BR11R, BR12R, BR13R, BR14R, BR15R and BR16R and one male sterile line Jin23A with WA sources of cytoplasmic male sterility. The segregation pattern for pollen fertility of F2 and BC1 populations of crosses involving Jin23A indicated the presence of two independent dominant fertility restoring genes. The mode of action of the two genes varied in different crosses revealing three types of interaction, i.e. epistasis with dominant gene action, epistasis with recessive gene action, and epistasis with incomplete dominance.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v24i1.16997

The effect of genotype × cytoplasm interaction on meiotic behaviour of maize chromosomes

Genome ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 653-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Kruleva ◽  
A. B. Korol ◽  
T. G. Dankov ◽  
V. G. Skorpan ◽  
I. A. Preygel
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Relative Stability ◽  
Chiasma Frequency ◽  
Chiasma Formation ◽  
Meiotic Behaviour ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Male Sterile Cytoplasm ◽  
Cytoplasmic Sterility

The effect of four isogenic cytoplasmic types, normal, Salvador, Texas, and Charrua (the latter three causing male sterility), on the process of chiasma formation has been studied using two different maize hybrids. The cytoplasmic male sterility determinants have been shown to reduce the rate of interstitial exchanges per nucleus and per bivalent and the frequency of univalents. Increased variation between plants and relative stability of the intercellular variation within a plant have been observed for the parameters studied. It is concluded that the determinants of cytoplasmic sterility lower the probability of additional exchanges (relative to the obligate one) and reduce the frequency of premature disruption of one-exchange chromosome associations.Key words: maize, chiasma frequency, male sterile cytoplasm, univalent formation, genotype × cytoplasm interaction.

scholarly journals Cytoplasmic male sterility and inter and intra subgenomic heterosis studies in Brassica species: A review

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-226
Author(s):  
Valiollah Rameeh
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Brassica Species ◽  
Interspecific Crosses ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Evolutionary Origins ◽  
Brassica Spp ◽  
Potential Use

Plants of the genus Brassica comprise a remarkably diverse group of crops and encompass varieties that are grown as oilseeds, vegetables, condiment mustards and forages. One of the basic requirements for developing hybrid varieties in oilseed Brassica is the availability of proven heterosis. The development of hybrid cultivars has been successful in many Brassica spp. Midparent heterosis and high-parent heterosis (heterobeltiosis) have extensively been explored and utilized for boosting various quantity and quality traits in rapeseed. Heterosis is commercially exploited in rapeseed and its potential use has been demonstrated in turnip rape (B. rapa L.) and Indian mustard (B. juncea L.) for seed yield and most of the agronomic traits. The oilseed rape plant, B. napus, possesses two endogenous male sterile cytoplasms, nap and pol. Ogura type of cytoplasmic male sterility was first discovered in Japanese wild radish and other male-sterile Brassicas (Ogura bearing cytoplasm) derived from interspecific crosses. Information concerning the allelic frequencies of restorers can be useful in trying to understand their evolutionary origins. The ogu, pol and nap cytoplasms of B. napus induce sterility in all, some, and only a few cultivars, respectively. In this study, different kinds of male sterility, combining ability and heterosis of qualitative and quantitative traits in different Brassica species will be revi?wed.

Performance of male-sterile stocks of cotton as parents and hybrids

1976 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 243
Author(s):  
NJ Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Diploid Species ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Lint Yield ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Lint Percentage ◽  
Genomic Changes ◽  
Boll Weight

Two male-sterile lines of G. hirsutum containing G. anomalum or G. arboreum cytoplasm, their respective maintainer lines, and the M8 variety from which the male sterility stocks had been derived, were crossed reciprocally with each of three male fertility-restoring varieties. The F1 hybrids of the four male sterility stocks did not differ significantly in either lint yield or boll numbers. However, significant though small differences occurred in other traits including boll weight, lint percentage, seedling growth and some fibre properties. Pair-wise comparisons between sets of hybrids containing anomalum v. hirsutum, anomalum v. barbadense, arboreum v. hirsutum and arboreum v. barbadense cytoplasms showed that the diploid species cytoplasms did not significantly affect lint yield or the yield components of number of bolls and boll weight, while the other yield component, lint percentage, was only affected in one instance. Significant cytoplasmic differences in other attributes were rare. The recurrent G. hirsutum parent M8 outyielded its sterile derivatives both as a cultivar and as a hybrid parent. The yield decline of the male-sterile stocks was ascribed to nuclear (genomic) changes resulting from strong selection pressure for sterility during their development. It was concluded that, while the production of cotton hybrids from these male-sterile stocks is technically feasible, their practical utility is limited.

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