Examination of the Suitability of Different Pollinators for Four Sweet Cherry Cultivars Commonly Grown in Poland

AbstractThe aim of the work was to select pollinators for sweet cherry cultivars: ‘Vanda’, ‘Techlovan’, ‘Syl–via’ and ‘Regina’, which are of great economic significance in Poland. As pollinators, three or four different cultivars with the same or similar flowering time as the pollinated cultivars were evaluated annually. The pollinators belonged to different incompatibility groups. Pollination was carried out over four consecutive seasons. Assuming that for a good yield more than 20% of the flowers should develop fruits, a good polli–nator for the cv. ‘Vanda’ was ‘Techlovan’, and for the cv. ‘Regina’ - ‘Sylvia’. The cv. ‘Techlovan’ was pollinated to best effect by ‘Vega’, and the cv. ‘Sylvia’ by ‘Regina’, but the setting of fruits in the last two combinations was moderately good. Low to moderately good fruit setting but depending on the year was observed in the combinations ‘Sylvia’ x ‘Summit’, ‘Regina’ x ‘Summit’, and ‘Regina’ x ‘Rainier’. Cultivar ‘Summit’ for ‘Sylvia’, and ‘Summit’ and ‘Rainier’ for the cv. ‘Regina’ should not be used as pollinators because the low percentage of fruit set obtained annually does not guarantee a satisfactory yield.

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Variable fruit set in self-fertile sweet cherry

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/p00-161 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 81 (4) ◽

pp. 753-760 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Cheol Choi, and Robert L. Andersen

Keyword(s):

Sweet Cherry ◽

Prunus Avium ◽

Fruit Set ◽

Spring Frost ◽

Self Pollination ◽

Frost Injury ◽

Sweet Cherries ◽

Fruit Setting ◽

S Allele ◽

Sweet Cherry Cultivars

Fruit set on seven self-fertile (SF) sweet cherry genotypes from the Cornell Sweet Cherry Breeding Program was investigated. The S-alleles of all tested genotypes, based on controlled pollination and PCR-based S-allele typing analysis were determined to be: S1S4’ for Lapins, and S3S4’ for Stella, Starkrimson, NY 13688, NY 13696, NY 13788 and NY 13791. Higher fruit set of open-pollinated self-fertile genotypes indicated that the additional pollen donor was probably advantageous for fruit set in self-fertiles in the preliminary field study. However, no statistically significant differences were found between fully and self- (half compatible) pollination in caged trees in subsequent years’ studies. This inconsistency may have been due to shading by cages (for self-pollination only) or to differences in bee activity in caged trees as compared with open-pollinations made during preliminary studies. Additionally, the variation in fruit setting potential was dependent on genotype. Spring frost injury reduced fruit setting potential in self-fertile sweet cherries but pollen quality was not associated with variable fruit set. The results suggest that self-pollination would produce optimal fruit set in self-fertile sweet cherry cultivars regardless of partial pollen incompatibility. However, a more detailed study including fruit setting factors other than spring frost injury, and varying setting capacity depending on genotypes, would be required for a more complete determination of the commercial utility of growing self-fertile sweet cherries in solid blocks. Key words: Prunus avium L, sweet cherry, pollination, fruit set

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Flowering time and incompatibility groups: Cultivar combination in commercial sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) orchards

Genetika ◽

10.2298/gensr1102397r ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 397-406 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Sanja Radicevic ◽

Radosav Cerovic ◽

Sladjana Maric ◽

Milena Djordjevic

Keyword(s):

Flowering Time ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Sweet Cherry ◽

Prunus Avium ◽

Fruit Set ◽

Full Flowering ◽

Sweet Cherry Cultivars ◽

Prunus Avium L ◽

Pollination And Fertilization

The paper presents results of eight-year study (1999-2006) of flowering phenophase in 21 introduced sweet cherry cultivars grown under the agro-environmental conditions of West Serbia. Flowering time, as well as progress and abundance of flowering were studied, and classification of the studied cultivars according to flowering time was derived. On the basis of mean several-year overlap in phenophase of full flowering and on the grounds of so far known data on classification of these cultivars among incompatibility groups, we have offered a recommendation for their cultivation in orchards whereby the most effective pollination and fertilization can be ensured as well as good fruit-set and satisfactory fruit yields.

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LAPINS AND SUNBURST SWEET CHERRY

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps84-029 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 211-214 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

W. DAVID LANE ◽

HANS SCHMID

Keyword(s):

British Columbia ◽

Sweet Cherry ◽

Prunus Avium ◽

Fruit Set ◽

Fruit Size ◽

Research Station ◽

Cultivar Description ◽

Sweet Cherry Cultivars ◽

Tree Characteristics ◽

Better Than

Lapins and Sunburst are new self-compatible, dark fleshed sweet cherry cultivars named by Agriculture Canada Research Station, Summerland, British Columbia. Lapins matures late in the cherry season and has outstanding split resistance combined with other desirable fruit and tree characteristics. Testing to date has shown it to be better than presently grown cultivars. Sunburst is an early cultivar ripening in Bing season and is outstanding because of very large fruit size and very heavy yields. It should be a suitable cultivar in locations where fruit set is a problem and lengthy storage is not required.Key words: Prunus avium, self-compatible, split resistance, cultivar description

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Field evaluations of 14 sweet cherry cultivars as pollinators for cv. Regina (Prunus avium, L.)

International Journal of Horticultural Science ◽

10.31421/ijhs/13/3/750 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

Author(s):

S. Thurzó ◽

M. Grandi ◽

L. Lagezza ◽

S. Lugli ◽

I. J. Holb ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fruit Development ◽

Sweet Cherry ◽

Prunus Avium ◽

Fruit Set ◽

Allele Group ◽

Sufficient Degree ◽

S Allele ◽

Sweet Cherry Cultivars ◽

Prunus Avium L

In this study, the pollen of 14 sweet cherry cultivars (‘Anella’, ‘Duroni 3', 'Badacsony', 'Cristalina', 'Ferbolus', 'Ferrovia', 'Georgia', 'Hudson', 'Kordia', 'Sam', 'Schneiders’, ‘Spate’, ‘Knorpelkirsche', 'Skeena', 'Summit', 'Sylvia') was used to fertilize the emasculated flowers of sweet cherry cv. 'Regina'. Fruit set was assessed three times during fruit development: 14 May, 30 May and 27 May 2007. We observed full incompatibility among the 14 cultivars for cv. 'Cristalina', which is in the same S-allele group as cv. 'Regina'. After analysis of our data, we have results about fertilization efficiency of the cultivars. Most of the evaluated cultivars are inadequate to fertilize cv. 'Regina' to a sufficient degree. There were two exceptions, cv. 'Sam' and cv. 'Skeena', where percentage of ripened fruits was above 20%. These two cultivars can guarantee such a pollination, which ensures ample quantity of ripened fruits. Results of this study have proved three other cultivars to be quite good pollinators for cv. 'Regina'. In conclusion, ideal pollinators for cv. 'Regina' could be — apart from above-mentioned two cultivars, 'Sam' and 'Skeena' — cvs. 'Sylvia' and 'Bianca', which was suggested by more literature sources.

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Fruit bearing shoot characteristics of apricot and sweet cherry cultivars in Hungary

International Journal of Horticultural Science ◽

10.31421/ijhs/12/2/641 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

S. Thurzó ◽

G. Drén ◽

M. Dani ◽

B. Hlevnjak ◽

V. Hazic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Frost Resistance ◽

Sweet Cherry ◽

Shoot Length ◽

Flower Buds ◽

Flower Bud ◽

Medium Length ◽

Large Numbers ◽

Fruit Setting ◽

Different Types ◽

Sweet Cherry Cultivars

: Our study was carried out on 23 apricot and 9 sweet cherry cultivars in February 2005. Fruiting laterals were classified into four groups (0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, 20-40 cm and >40 cm) and then the density and setting of flower buds were evaluated and expressed as bud/cm. The flower bud density of four types of fruit bearing shoots and the changes in the frost resistance were studied. Shoots were collected from a young orchard in Gone (apricot), Siófok (sweet cherry) and Nagykutas (sweet cherry). There were significant differences among the cultivars in the density of flower buds. The number of flower buds/cm shoot length ranged between 0.91 and 2.20 in the average of the different fruit bearing shoot types on apricot. Based on the results, the bud density of shorter shoots is generally higher on apricot, but this is not valid for all cultivars. For cvs. Magyarkajszi and Ceglédi bíborkajszi, the highest flower bud density was detected on shoots of medium length (10-40 cm). There were fivefold and almost twofold (1.85) differences in bud density among cultivars on shoots shorter than 10 cm length and longer than 40 cm length, respectively. The ratio of the bud densities of the different types of shoots also ranged between wide boundaries. For cvs. Bayoto, Toyesi and Toyiba this ratio was 2.5-3.5, while for cv. Magyarkajszi it was 1.3. In the average of fruit bearing shoots on sweet cherry, cv. Bigarreau Burlat (1.10 bud/cm) and cv. Germersdorfi 45 (0.61 bud/cm) had the largest and the lowest flower bud density, respectively. Among the fruit bearing shoots, the largest flower bud density was in the group of 0-10 cm fruiting laterals. Among cultivars, cv. Bigarreau Burlat had the largest bud density. In the groups of n- i 0 cm, 10-20 cm, 20-30 cm and 30-40 cm fruiting laterals, the lowest flower bud density was for cv. Linda, cv. Germersdorfi 45, cv. Ferrovia and cv. Sunburst, respectively. On cvs. Van and Bigarreau Burlat, large numbers of double-set flower buds were observed on the fruit bearing shoots longer than 20 cm. Fruit setting differed on the different types of fruit bearing shoots, with the lowest value measured on above 40 cm shoots. The highest fruit setting was observed on cv. Katalin, while the lowest value was measured on cv. Germersdorfi 3.

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Pomological properties of sweet cherry cultivars grafted on ‘colt’ rootstock

Journal of Agricultural Sciences Belgrade ◽

10.2298/jas1301061m ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 58 (1) ◽

pp. 61-72 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dragan Milatovic ◽

Dejan Djurovic ◽

Boban Djordjevic ◽

Todor Vulic ◽

Gordan Zec

Keyword(s):

Sweet Cherry ◽

Fruit Set ◽

Fruit Size ◽

Fruit Characteristics ◽

Early Season ◽

Late Season ◽

Commercial Cultivation ◽

Fruit Cracking ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

Sweet Cherry Cultivars

Pomological properties of 11 newly sweet cherry cultivars grafted on Colt rootstock were studied in the region of Macva over a three-year period (2010- 2012). An investigation has included phenological traits (flowering and maturing), the elements of productivity (number of flowers in an inflorescence, fruit set and yield), the most important fruit characteristics (physical, chemical and sensory), and fruit cracking index. Average time of flowering of tested cultivars was in the first and the second decade of April, while the maturing time was between 15 May (?Early Lory?) and 20 June (?Penny?). The highest yield was achieved by cultivars ?Giorgia?, ?Sunburst?, and ?Crystalina?. Large fruit size was found in cultivars ?Penny?, ?Santina?, ?Sunburst?, ?Olympus?, and ?Kordia?. The lowest susceptibility to fruit cracking was manifested in cultivars ?Early Lory? and ?Giorgia?. Cultivars ?Kordia? and ?Cristalina? were given the highest sensory ratings. Overall, the best results were shown by medium-early season cultivar ?Santina?, which can be recommended for commercial cultivation. In addition, the early-season cultivar ?Early Lory?, and the late-season cultivar ?Kordia? can also be recommended for cultivation.

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EARLY PERFORMANCE OF FOUR SWEET CHERRY CULTIVARS GRAFTED ON GISELA 5 AND COLT ROOTSTOCKS IN A HIGH DENSITY GROWING SYSTEM

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus ◽

10.24326/asphc.2019.1.10 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 99-108

Author(s):

Biserka Milić ◽

Jelena Kalajdžić ◽

Zoran Keserović ◽

Nenad Magazin ◽

Vladislav Ognjanov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sweet Cherry ◽

Production Systems ◽

High Density ◽

Fruit Thinning ◽

Sweet Cherries ◽

Fruit Setting ◽

Physical Attributes ◽

Early Performance ◽

Sweet Cherry Cultivars ◽

Gisela 5

Growing the sweet cherry on different vigor rootstocks, such as Colt and Gisela 5, in a high-density orchard, causes differences in growth and productivity and later imposes the need to change the growing system including pruning, flower and fruit thinning, irrigation and fertilization. In the present research, four sweet cherry cultivars (Summit, Kordia, Lapins and Regina) grafted on Colt and Gisela 5 rootstocks were assessed for morphological traits and productivity. The parameters investigated were: vegetative growth, bearing potential, fruit set, precocity, productivity, fruit growth habit and quality attributes. Compared to Colt, the trees on Gisela 5 had smaller TCSA and the length of two-year-old branches, in the fifth season after planting. Trees on Gisela 5 had a higher number of flower buds per may bouquet compared to Colt, which confirms that bearing potential is highly affected by the rootstock. Growing the sweet cherries on Gisela 5 induced a higher fruit setting in all cultivars except in Kordia. Fruit physical attributes were affected by the cultivar, growing system and experimental year. For all tested cultivars, the yield per tree was significantly lower on Colt compared to Gisela 5. Gisela 5 performed better than Colt, which suggests that Gisela 5 should be used as a rootstock in high density sweet cherry production systems.

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Ovule senescence and unusual pollen tube growth in the ovary of sweet cherry as affected by pistilar genotype and temperature

Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.5424/sjar/2018164-13094 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. e0704 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sanja Radičević ◽

Radosav Cerović ◽

Milena Đorđević

Keyword(s):

Pollen Tube ◽

Pollen Tube Growth ◽

Sweet Cherry ◽

Fruit Set ◽

Tube Growth ◽

Open Pollination ◽

Air Temperatures ◽

Complex Dependence ◽

Microscopy Method ◽

Sweet Cherry Cultivars

The study of ovule senescence in the ovaries of four sweet cherry cultivars (‘Karina᾿, ‘Kordia᾿, ‘Regina᾿ and ‘Summit᾿) in the environmental conditions of West Serbia was carried out. Monitoring of ovaries was performed using the fluorescence microscopy method, on emasculated and pollinated flowers (cross-pollination variant), non-emasculated open-pollinated flowers (open pollination variant), and emasculated unpollinated flowers (unpollinated variant). In cross- and open pollination variants, the rate of unusual pollen tube growth in the ovary, fertilization percentage and fruit set were determined. The tendency in the appearance of fluorescence, as an indicator of ovule senescence, showed strong genotypic dependence ‒ it was the most and the least pronounced in the ovaries of ‘Kordia’ and ‘Regina’, respectively, in all the flower categories. Investigation of unusual pollen tube growth, fertilization percentage and fruit set, considered from the aspect of ovule senescence and cultivars’ behaviour as female (pollinated), pointed to their specific relations and complex dependence on the air temperature before and during the flowering. Flower emasculation and pollination also influenced ovule senescence, and this impact was unequal by genotypes, i.e. those having better ovule vitality in general, had also better ovule vitality in the conditions of emasculation, and pollination absence. The results imply different adaptation of cultivars to higher temperatures before and during the flowering, pointing to the further investigation related to the good adaptability of genotypes to air temperatures in reproductive sense, which is a basic indicator of good adaptability in general.

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Factors influencing fruit set and quality in different sweet cherry cultivars

Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.5424/sjar/2010084-1238 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 1118 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

F. Garcia Montiel ◽

M. Serrano ◽

D. Martinez-Romero ◽

N. Alburquerque

Keyword(s):

Sweet Cherry ◽

Fruit Set ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Sweet Cherry Cultivars

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Abnormal Anther and Pollen Development in Sweet Cherry Cultivars Resulting from Lack of Winter Chilling

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.31.4.684d ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 684d-684

Author(s):

K.G. Weis ◽

S.M. Southwick ◽

Michael E. Rupert

Keyword(s):

Sweet Cherry ◽

Prunus Avium ◽

Fruit Set ◽

Pollen Dispersal ◽

Central Valley ◽

Anther Dehiscence ◽

Floral Differentiation ◽

Pollen Growth ◽

Pollen Sacs ◽

Sweet Cherry Cultivars

Lack of pollen dispersal was noted in various sites and cultivars of sweet cherry (Prunus avium) following one of California's warmest recorded winters (≈550 hours @ 7°C in the Central Valley). `Bing' cherry is thought to require 850 to 880 hours for adequate budbreak and bloom development. Cross pollination is required by most sweet cherry cultivars for fruit set, including `Bing'. Complete anther dehiscence averaged 13% in `Bing' trees sampled, compared to 52% in `Rainier', 65% in `Brooks', 84.5% in `Burlat', 33% in Van, 23% in `Larian', and 86% in `Black Tartarian'. A range of degree of dehiscence from none to half-open was widely apparent, again by cultivar. Many partially dehiscent anthers did not shed pollen normally but appeared to have the mass of pollen completely adherent inside the pollen sacs. `Black Tartarian', `Larian', and `Burlat' shed pollen readily, however, pollen from dehiscent anthers of other cultivars generally appeared to stick together on the everted locule walls and required direct manipulation to be withdrawn from the pollen sac. Anther morphology ranged from normal size to half normal size, anthers appearing to be without pollen altogether that shriveled on drying, and lobes that were aborted. Pollen germination was low overall: 19% `Bing', 18% `Rainier', 20% `Brooks', 57% `Burlat', 14% `Van', 48% `Larian', and 48% `Black Tartarian'. Poor fruit set in low chill years is often attributed to lack of bloom overlap with pollenizers, however, inadequate chilling also may contribute to low fruit set by inhibiting anther and pollen growth and development. The implications of a critical chilling requirement for normal floral differentiation are that in cherry-growing areas where low chill years are common, pollen may not be viable or transferrable from pollenizers and female gametophytic development also may be impaired.

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