scholarly journals Histopathological lesions caused by experimental Toxocara canis and Toxascaris leonina infections in farm mink (Neovison vison)

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Klockiewicz ◽  
Małgorzata Sobczak-Filipiak ◽  
Tadeusz Jakubowski ◽  
Ewa Długosz
Keyword(s):  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Paratenic Host ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Neovison Vison ◽  
Striated Muscles ◽  
Infected Farm ◽  
Histopathological Lesions ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltrates ◽  
Toxascaris Leonina

AbstractIntroduction: Canine roundworm T. canis and T. leonina infections were investigated in experimentally infected farm mink (Neovison vison) to describe the pattern of pathological lesions in this paratenic host. Material and Methods: Infections in mink developed following ingestion of embryonated eggs of either parasite or mice tissue infected with both parasite species. Results: Comparative analysis of haematoxylin- and eosin-stained slides showed essential differences among the experimental groups. The lesions observed included eosinophil and mononuclear inflammatory infiltrates of the intestinal wall and local lymph nodes, inflammation and haemorrhages in liver tissues, and interstitial inflammation and mineralisation of the kidneys and lungs. Larvae migrating through the minks’ bodies also caused particularly salient enlargement of lymphoid follicles in the spleen and inflammatory infiltrates of mononuclear cells in skeletal and heart muscles. Conclusions: It is assumed that histopathological lesions appeared as a local and general host response to invasive L3 T. canis and T. leonina larvae migrating through the tissues of infected farm mink. Interestingly, mink infected with embryonated eggs had more pronounced lesions than animals infected with tissue larvae. Detailed histopathological examinations of parenchymal organs and striated muscles revealed lesions resembling those observed in other paratenic host species due to toxocarosis.

scholarly journals Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati and Toxascaris leonina in wild and domestic carnivores

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Okulewicz ◽  
A. Perec-Matysiak ◽  
K. Buńkowska ◽  
J. Hildebrand
Keyword(s):  
Paratenic Host ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Toxocara Cati ◽  
Wild Canids ◽  
Alternative Approaches ◽  
Domestic Carnivores ◽  
Toxascaris Leonina

AbstractAscarididae nematodes of genera Toxocara and Toxascaris are of significant epizootic relevance among predatory mammals from families Canidae and Felidae. Localization of these nematodes in the definitive hosts, their morphology, as well as the measurements of eggs and adult worms are similar. Recently, molecular techniques have provided alternative approaches for the identification of ascarid species. A common feature of the life cycles of these generally monoxenous nematodes is the significant participation of small rodents. In case of Toxocara spp., the rodent plays the role of paratenic host but optional intermediate host for T. leonina. Several studies indicate co-occurence of both T. canis and T. leonina in domestic and wild canids as well as T. cati and T. leonina in felids. Although the infections of humans with T. canis and T. cati are common worldwide, larvae of T. leonina has the potential to cause human disease as emerging zoonosis.

scholarly journals Cardiorespiratory and gastrointestinal parasites of dogs in north-west Italy

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 318-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Guardone ◽  
M. Magi ◽  
M. C. Prati ◽  
F. Macchioni
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Multiple Infections ◽  
North West ◽  
Sampling Programme ◽  
Trichuris Vulpis ◽  
Toxascaris Leonina ◽  
Eucoleus Boehmi

SummaryThe present study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of gastrointestinal and cardio-respiratory parasites in dogs in Liguria (northwest Italy) which is a region that has scarcely been studied. A total of 450 dogs (260 males and 190 females) were enrolled in the study from 2009 and 2013. All dogs lived in a rural or semi-rural environment in the provinces of Imperia (n = 352) or Savona (n = 98), Liguria. Coprological examinations showed that 197 dogs (43.8 %, CI 38.7-48.9 %) were infected by parasites. Specifically, 3.3 % of the dogs presented only cardio-respiratory species, 32.4 % only intestinal species, and 8.0 % presented a mixed infection.The most frequent intestinal parasites wereToxocara canis(20 %),Trichuris vulpis(17.8 %), Ancylostomatidae (12 %), Coccidia (2.7 %),Aonchotheca putorii(1.8 %) andToxascaris leonina(1.8 %). The cardio-respiratory species found wereEucoleus aerophilus(9.6 %),Eucoleus boehmi(1.6 %),Angiostrongylus vasorum(0.7 %), andCrenosoma vulpis(0.2 %). A total of 116 dogs (25.8 %) were parasitized by a single species, multiple infections were observed in 81 dogs (18.0 %) up to a six-order infection.This preliminary study highlighted that the prevalence of intestinal parasites in investigated area is high. Cardio respiratory parasites were detected in an area that has not been investigated before. The creation of a more extensive sampling programme of the area, on a provincial basis in order to build a more detailed map of prevalences for different species of dog parasites throughout Liguria, a more extensive sampling programme of the area needs to be created - ideally for each province.

scholarly journals Parasitic contamination of urban and rural environments in the Slovak Republic: dog’s excrements as a source

2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Papajová ◽  
J. Pipiková ◽  
J. Papaj ◽  
A. Čižmár
Keyword(s):  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Public Parks ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Rural Environments ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
One Year ◽  
Trichuris Vulpis ◽  
Toxascaris Leonina

AbstractThe objective of this study was to determine the possibility of soil contamination with propagative stages of intestinal endoparasites at different public places (public parks, playgrounds, sandpits, sidewalks, road sides). In a one-year-study, totally 578 dog’s faecal samples from 8 towns (Košice, Trebišov, Veľké Kapušany, Prešov, Snina, Levoča, Zvolen and Trenčín) and 3 villages (Dlhé Stráže, Dravce, Valaliky) were examined for the presence of parasitic germs. 29.9 % of faecal samples were positive. Eight different species of intestinal parasites with following incidence were detected: Toxocara canis (11.9 %), Trichuris vulpis (8.5 %), Ancylostomatidae (8.1 %), Taenia spp. (4.0 %), Toxascaris leonina (3.1 %), Capillaria spp. (1.0 %), Dipylidium caninum (0.2 %) and Coccidia oocysts (0.2 %). Additionally 285 sandpits were examined. Sand samples were collected from Košice (136), Zvolen (38), Trenčín (36), Prešov (30), Veľké Kapušany (24), Snina (15), and village Valaliky (6). The parasitic eggs occurence in the sandpits was as follows: Toxocara spp. (11.8 %), Ancylostomatidae (1.1 %), Taenia type (0.7 %) and Trichuris spp. (0.4 %). The occurrence of Toxocara spp. varied between the urban and rural environments. The highest number of Toxocara spp. was found in village Valaliky (33.3 %) whereas cities showed lesser prevalence (Prešov — 10 %, Košice — 7.4 %, Trenčín — 5.6 %, Zvolen — 5.3 %, Veľké Kapušany — 4.2 %). The epidemiological aspects and health risk factors are also discussed.

scholarly journals Concurrent helminthosis engendered gastroenteritis in a leopard Panthera pardus

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-328
Author(s):  
R. Kumar ◽  
A. D. Moudgil ◽  
A. Sharma ◽  
R. Sharma ◽  
R. Masand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Intestinal Content ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Cells ◽  
Panthera Pardus ◽  
Parasitic Gastroenteritis ◽  
Present Case Study

SummaryThe necropsy of a leopard (Panthera pardus), succumbed to a chronic ailment exhibited a mixed parasitic gastroenteritis. Gross internal examination of carcass revealed the presence of round and tapeworms in the stomach and intestines with diffuse catarrhal and hemorrhagic gastroenteritis. The detailed examination of the intestinal content revealed the presence of Toxocara canis and Spirometra species eggs. Also, the gross morphological investigation of round and tapeworms approved the presence of both species. Histo-pathological examination showed sloughing of intestinal epithelium, hemorrhages, and ulcerative areas with the infiltration of polymorphonuclear cells admixed with mononuclear cells. Lungs revealed the accumulation of eosinophilic edematous fl uid in the alveolar spaces along with inflammatory cells. These parasites are pathogenic to precious wild felids and often pose a threat of zoonotic transmission due to spill-over infections. The present case study is an attempt to put on record a case of parasitic gastroenteritis in a captive leopard.

scholarly journals Parásitos gastrointestinales en cachorros caninos provenientes de la venta comercial en el Cercado de Lima.

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
Santiago Vega ◽  
Enrique Serrano-Martínez ◽  
Ricardo Grandez ◽  
Marelsy Pilco Marco Quispe
Keyword(s):  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Toxascaris Leonina

Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia de parásitos gastrointestinales en caninos menores de seis meses de edad provenientes de la venta comercial. También determinar si las variables raza, sexo y edad están asociadas a la presentación de cuadros de parasitosis. Metodología: Se recolectaron 97 muestras de heces de mascotas caninas que se comercializan en el cercado de Lima, las cuales fueron procesados mediante las técnicas de examen directo, de concentración por flotación, de concentración por sedimentación y de Ziehl Neelsen, considerándose positivas las muestras con presencia de huevos de parásito o parásitos bajo el microscopio. Resultados y Conclusiones: El 100% de las muestras analizadas fueron positivas a la presencia de parásitos. Las mayores frecuencias fueron del nemátode Toxocara canis fue (87.96%) y del protozoario Isospora canis (98.78%) ; los mismos como asociación biparasitaria (62.89%) y monoparasitarias Toxocara canis (17.56%); por primera vez se encontró una asociación de triprarasitismo de Toxocara canis - Isospora canis - Toxascaris leonina (12.37%). En los machos hubo una mayor presentación de parasitosis (57.7%) que en las hembras (42.3%). Caninos de raza pura tuvieron mayor frecuencia de presentación de parasitosis (82.5%); La edad no presentó diferencias estadísticas en los tres estratos estudiados, dándose en el estrato de ≥ 8 y < 12 semanas representados por el 41.2% de casos. La parasitosis en caninos evaluados es del 100%, siendo Toxocara canis el más frecuente.

scholarly journals Sensorimotor Perineuritis – An Autoimmune Disease?

1985 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher N. Bourque ◽  
Brian A. Anderson ◽  
C. Martin del Campo ◽  
Anders A. F. Sima
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Sensory Neuropathy ◽  
Nerve Biopsy ◽  
Sural Nerve Biopsy ◽  
Gradual Improvement ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Nerve Dysfunction ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltrates ◽  
Perineurial Cells

ABSTRACT:The literature contains a single description of sensory perineuritis (Asbury et al 1972). These patients demonstrated a painful, distal, sensory neuropathy, and examination of peripheral nerve biopsies revealed focal thickening and inflammatory infiltrates of the perineurium. We report a patient with sensorimotor peripheral nerve dysfunction, accompanied by progressive slowing of nerve conduction velocity. Examination of a sural nerve biopsy demonstrated focal thickening of the perineurium, inflammatory infiltrates, and necrosis of perineurial cells. Immunohistology revealed a patchy precipitation of IgG and IgM on perineurial cells. Ultrastructurally, mononuclear cells were found adjacent to perineurial cells undergoing necrosis. The patient showed gradual improvement partially coinciding with a course of steroid therapy. We suggest that this neuropathy is caused by damage to the perineurial barrier possibly by an immune-mediated destruction of perineurial cells and subsequent compression of the endoneurial content by perineurial scarring.

Observations on the Incidence ofToxocaraandToxascarisin Dogs and Cats from the London Area

1965 ◽  
Vol 39 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 251-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. Oldham
Keyword(s):  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Toxocara Cati ◽  
Toxascaris Leonina

Using an autopsy method of examination, an incidence of infection withToxocara canisin 250 dogs was 6·4% and withToxascaris leoninait was 2%. Of 100 cats examined, 8% harbouredToxocara catiand 3%Toxascaris leonina. Other British records concerning the incidence of the dog parasites are discussed and attention is drawn to certain reservations that must be placed on their acceptance.

Equine Colitis X Associated with Infection by Clostridium Difficile NAP1/027

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Glenn Songer ◽  
H. T. Trinh ◽  
Sharon M. Dial ◽  
Jon S. Brazier ◽  
Robert D. Glock
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Negative Regulator ◽  
Binary Toxin ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Mucosal Lamina Propria

A 14-year-old Quarter Horse with a 48-hr history of colic was euthanized after failure to respond to treatment. At necropsy, cecal and colonic mucosae were congested throughout, and there was segmental edema and significant thickening of the intestinal wall. Excessive numbers of mononuclear cells were found in mucosal lamina propria. Submucosal hemorrhage was diffuse and extensive, and Clostridium difficile toxins A and B were detected. Large numbers of C. difficile were isolated, and genetic characterization revealed them to be North American pulsed-field gel electrophoresis type 1, polymerase chain reaction ribotype 027, and toxinotype III. Genes for the binary toxin were present, and toxin negative–regulator tcdC contained an 18-bp deletion. This genotype comprises the current human “epidemic strain,” which is associated with human C. difficile–associated disease of greater than historical severity. The diagnosis was peracute typhlocolitis, with lesions and history typical of those attributed to colitis X.

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