Pathomorphological studies on wild boars infected with Metastrongylus spp., Ascarops strongylina, and Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus

AbstractIntroduction: Pathomorphological changes in the lungs, stomach, and small intestines of wild boars infected with Metastrongylus spp., Ascarops strongylina, and Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus were investigated. Material and Methods: Dissection of 11 wild boars was performed, and parasitised organs were histologically investigated by common techniques. Results: Macroscopic lesions in the lungs infected with Metastrongyus spp. were seen within the apical parts of the large lobes, irregular in form, pale greyish in colour, and compact in consistency. The main pathohistological findings were: the presence of parasite forms, and lymphocytes and neutrophils in the lumen of bronchi and bronchioles, desquamation of the bronchial and bronchiolar epithelium, emphysema, thickening of alveolar septa, hyperaemia, alveolitis, infiltration of the interstitial tissue with giant cell, monocytes and eosinophils, and peribronchial and disseminated lymphoid hyperplasia. The principal observations accompanying infection with A. strongylina were inflammation and focal mucosal damage in the stomach, the latter clearly demarcated from the surrounding tissues. Severe injuries in the place of attachment of M. hirudinaceus to the wall of the small intestine were seen. Intestinal villi, underlying mucosa, and submucosa were destroyed, and an intense inflammatory reaction was present. Conclusion: The histopathological lesions showed wide diversity, varying from mild to severe; but none of them were lethal.

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Scarabidae: Intermediate host for Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus

Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke ◽

10.2298/zmspn1019089p ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 89-95 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ivan Pavlovic ◽

Zoran Kulisic ◽

Zoran Tambur ◽

Nada Protic

Keyword(s):

Small Intestine ◽

Intermediate Host ◽

Intermediate Hosts ◽

Wild Boars ◽

Cetonia Aurata ◽

Macracanthorhynchus Hirudinaceus ◽

Extensive Breeding

ltd. za kontrolu kvaliteta, Beograd KW Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus % coleopteras % swine's % epysootiology KR nema Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus infestation is parasitosis caused by Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus Adult forms parasite in small intestine of swine. Development of parasite is happening through intermediate hosts - coleopteras from Scarabaeidae family (Melolontha vulgaris, Cetonia aurata, Polyphilla fullo, Anomalia vitis etc). Infection begins when swines ingest infected coleopteras. Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus infestation is encountered in swines in extensive breeding, as well as in wild boars.

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Nodular lymphoid hyperplasia of the small intestine and sarcoidosis

Archives of Internal Medicine ◽

10.1001/archinte.126.4.668 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 126 (4) ◽

pp. 668-672 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

S. D. Davis

Keyword(s):

Small Intestine ◽

Lymphoid Hyperplasia ◽

Nodular Lymphoid Hyperplasia

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The First Record of Echinococcus ortleppi (G5) Tapeworms in Grey Wolf (Canis lupus)

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens10070853 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 853

Author(s):

Jacek Karamon ◽

Małgorzata Samorek-Pieróg ◽

Jacek Sroka ◽

Ewa Bilska-Zając ◽

Joanna Dąbrowska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Small Intestine ◽

Molecular Identification ◽

Canis Lupus ◽

Sequence Comparison ◽

First Record ◽

Grey Wolf ◽

South Eastern ◽

Counting Technique ◽

Small Intestines ◽

First Time

The aim of this study is to confirm the presence and molecular identification of Echinococcus tapeworms in wolves from south-eastern Poland. An investigation was carried out on the intestines of 13 wolves from south-eastern Poland. The small intestines were divided into three equal segments. Each segment was separately examined using the sedimentation and counting technique (SCT). The detected Echinococcus tapeworms were isolated and identified by PCRs and sequencing (nad1 and cox1 genes). Additionally, DNA isolated from the feces of wolves positive for Echinococcus tapeworms was examined with two diagnostic PCRs. The intestines of one wolf were positive for E. granulosus s.l. when assessed by SCT; the intestine was from a six-year-old male wolf killed in a communication accident. We detected 61 adult tapeworms: 42 in the anterior, 14 in the middle, and 5 in the posterior parts of the small intestine. The PCRs conducted for cox1 and nad1 produced specific products. A sequence comparison with the GenBank database showed similarity to the deposited E. ortleppi (G5) sequences. An analysis of the available phylogenetic sequences showed very little variation within the species of E. ortleppi (G5), and identity ranged from 99.10% to 100.00% in the case of cox1 and from 99.04 to 100.00% in the case of nad1. One of the two diagnostic PCRs used and performed on the feces of Echinococcus-positive animals showed product specific for E. granulosus. This study showed the presence of adult E. ortleppi tapeworms in wolves for the first time.

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The Histopathology of Maedi

Veterinary Pathology ◽

10.1177/030098587100800108 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 63-80 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

G. Georgsson ◽

P. A. Pálsson

Keyword(s):

Lymphoid Hyperplasia ◽

Viral Pneumonia ◽

Pulmonary Diseases ◽

Cellular Infiltration ◽

Epithelial Proliferation ◽

Histological Features ◽

Interstitial Inflammation ◽

Smooth Musculature ◽

The World ◽

Alveolar Septa

The histopathology of natural and experimental maedi, a slow-viral pneumonia of sheep, was studied. The main histological features are chronic interstitial inflammation with dense cellular infiltration, hyperplasia of smooth musculature in alveolar septa, and slight fibrosis; peribronchial and perivascular lymphoid hyperplasia, and epithelial proliferation in small bronchi and bronchioles accompanied in far advanced cases by epithelialization of the alveoli. The histopathology of maedi bears a close resemblance to pulmonary diseases of sheep reported under different terms in various parts of the world.

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Comparison of the Small Intestine of 0-day-old Neonatal Piglets vs. 21-day-old Weaned Piglets

10.21203/rs.3.rs-26152/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Chen Yuan ◽

Yuxin Jin ◽

Abid Ullah Shah ◽

En Zhang ◽

penghao Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Small Intestine ◽

Immune Cells ◽

Secretory Iga ◽

Secretory Cells ◽

Weaned Piglets ◽

Neonatal Piglets ◽

Weaned Piglet ◽

Small Intestines ◽

Mechanistic Basis

Abstract Background: Neonatal piglets are susceptible to intestinal infections . Gut is the body’s major immune structure and the intestinal mucosa, which is composed of intestinal epithelial cells (IELs) and subepithelial natural immune cells, is considered as the primary site for eliciting local immune responses to foreign antigens. This study compared the intestinal immune cells of neonatal and weaned piglets to provide a theoretical and mechanistic basis for preventing intestinal infectious diseases. Results: Histological analyses of weaned piglet intestines showed increased crypt depth, high IEL count, and increased areas of ileal Peyer’s patches. Additionally, the duodenal and ileal villi of weaned piglets were longer than those of neonatal piglets. Expression of claudin-3 protein in weaned piglets was remarkably high as compared with neonatal piglets. The number of CD3 + T cells, goblet cells, and secretory cells was high in the small intestines of weaned piglets in vivo. Contrarily, secretory IgA-positive cell numbers in the jejunum remained unchanged between neonatal and weaned piglets. Gene expression of 12 pattern recognition receptor (PRR) (TLR1–10, MDA5, and RIG-I) was examined in neonatal and weaned piglet small intestine (duodenum, jejunum , and ileum). The pattern of mRNA expression level of most PRR genes in the duodenum and jejunum was inverse of that in the ileum. Compared with weaned piglets, there were significantly fewer intestinal lymphocytes at birth in neonatal pigs. Conclusions: The physical, biochemical, and immune-related components of neonatal and weaned piglet small intestines were investigated to provide preliminary data on the pathogenetic mechanism for future studies.

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Commentary: p31-43 Gliadin Peptide Forms Oligomers and Induces NLRP3 Inflammasome/Caspase 1- Dependent Mucosal Damage in Small Intestine

Frontiers in Immunology ◽

10.3389/fimmu.2019.02792 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Exequiel Barrera ◽

Fernando Chirdo ◽

Sergio Pantano

Keyword(s):

Small Intestine ◽

Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽

Mucosal Damage ◽

Caspase 1 ◽

Gliadin Peptide

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Very highly prevalent Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus infection of wild boar Sus scrofa in Khuzestan province, south-western Iran

Helminthologia ◽

10.2478/s11687-006-0017-x ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 86-91 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

G. Mowlavi ◽

J. Massoud ◽

I. Mobedi ◽

S. Solaymani-Mohammadi ◽

M. Gharagozlou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wild Boar ◽

Sus Scrofa ◽

Cane Sugar ◽

Human Infection ◽

Wild Boars ◽

Khuzestan Province ◽

Total Prevalence ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Risk Situation ◽

Macracanthorhynchus Hirudinaceus

AbstractAn epidemiological and pathological study of Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus infection in a total of 50 wild boars Sus scrofa attila from cane sugar fields of Iranian Khuzestan was performed. The total prevalence of 64.0 % detected is the highest hitherto known by this acanthocephalan species in wild boars and may reflect a very high contamination of the farm lands studied as the consequence of the crowding of the wild boar population in cane sugar fields. Observations prove that this species is a wild boar gut wall perforating acanthocephalan. High burdens may become so pathogenic for the host individual as to be responsible for its elimination from the population. Thus, this acanthocephalan may play a role in the control of the S. scrofa population inhabiting cane sugar fields, only lowly infected boars being able to survive. In this way, M. hirudinaceus may be useful, as the wild boar is a serious pest of field corps and, moreover, causes a variety of damage to cane sugar fields because of using them for shelter and nesting areas. Such high prevalence in wild boars and presumably high contamination of cane sugar fields represent a human infection risk for farmers, as well as for concrete ethnic group minorities in Iran. The numerous M. hirudinaceus human infection cases reported so far, mainly in Asian countries, support such a risk situation.

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Ultrastructural Changes in the Small Intestine of Neonatal Calves with Enteric Colibacillosis

Veterinary Pathology ◽

10.1177/030098588201900210 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 190-201 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

G. R. Pearson ◽

E. F. Logan

Keyword(s):

Small Intestine ◽

Epithelial Cells ◽

Small Groups ◽

Ultrastructural Changes ◽

Post Inoculation ◽

Cytoplasmic Inclusions ◽

Distal Small Intestine ◽

Enteropathogenic Strain ◽

Neonatal Calves ◽

Small Intestines

The small intestines of calves inoculated orally with the enteropathogenic strain of Escherichia coli 0101:K'B41′, K99 were examined by electron microscopy at 3, 6, 12, 16, 21, 36, 69, 70 and 72 hours after inoculation. The challenge organism adhered to the mucosa of the distal small intestine from six hours post-inoculation. Bacteria were separated from the microvillous brush border by a gap of 200 to 300 nm in which bacterial fimbriae and the microvillous glycocalyx were seen. Bacteria never were found in epithelial cells but were present in macrophages in the lamina propria from 12 hours. At three and six hours, cytopathic changes were not seen in the small intestine, but from 12 hours epithelial cells on affected villi had blunt and thick microvilli and contained cytoplasmic inclusions. Epithelial cells were seen frequently in the process of extrusion from the villi, either singly, in small groups, or as ribbons of cells. Intervillous bridges, characteristic of villous fusion, were seen frequently from 69 hours.

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