scholarly journals The Histopathology of Maedi

1971 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Georgsson ◽  
P. A. Pálsson
Keyword(s):  
Lymphoid Hyperplasia ◽  
Viral Pneumonia ◽  
Pulmonary Diseases ◽  
Cellular Infiltration ◽  
Epithelial Proliferation ◽  
Histological Features ◽  
Interstitial Inflammation ◽  
Smooth Musculature ◽  
The World ◽  
Alveolar Septa

The histopathology of natural and experimental maedi, a slow-viral pneumonia of sheep, was studied. The main histological features are chronic interstitial inflammation with dense cellular infiltration, hyperplasia of smooth musculature in alveolar septa, and slight fibrosis; peribronchial and perivascular lymphoid hyperplasia, and epithelial proliferation in small bronchi and bronchioles accompanied in far advanced cases by epithelialization of the alveoli. The histopathology of maedi bears a close resemblance to pulmonary diseases of sheep reported under different terms in various parts of the world.

The Lung in Zwoegerziekte

1968 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Ressang ◽  
G. F. de Boer ◽  
G. C. de Wijn
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Pneumonia ◽  
Lymphoid Hyperplasia ◽  
Atypical Pneumonia ◽  
Cellular Infiltration ◽  
Epithelial Proliferation ◽  
Arterial Walls ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Pulmonary Adenomatosis ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Alveolar Septa

The lungs in zwoegerziekte, a chronic pulmonary disease, are greatly increased in weight, do not collapse, and are either pale and dry or mottled with grey consolidation. The initial stage is characterized by peribronchial, perivascular, and solitary lymphoid hyperplasia and cellular infiltration of alveolar septa with consequent thickening. Fibrosis or myofibrosis, thickening of arterial walls, epithelial proliferation of air passages, and alveolar fetalization characterized the end stage. Pathologically zwoegerziekte, maedi, and progressive pneumonia have predominantly a mesenchymal reaction and belong to a single entity, chronic interstitial pneumonia of sheep. Zwoegerziekte bears close pathologic similarity to ‘la bouhite’ and ‘Graaff-Reinet disease’ but differs from pulmonary adenomatosis. Whether atypical pneumonia, also a type of interstitial pneumonia but different from maedi, occur in The Netherlands and may complicate some cases of zwoegerziekte is not known.

scholarly journals On the Pathology of Bovine Actinomycosis

1916 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred. Griffith
Keyword(s):  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Consecutive Series ◽  
Causal Organism ◽  
Anatomical Distribution ◽  
Histological Features ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
The World ◽  
Specific Granules ◽  
Glucose Agar ◽  
Biological Characters

Actinomycotic lesions in tissues from a consecutive series of forty-four oxen slaughtered in this country have been examined and compared with fifty specimens imported chiefly from Argentina.The British cases can be divided into two groups, according as the specific granules do not or do contain Gram-staining organisms.The first group, characterised by the presence of granules consisting of clubs without Gram-staining organisms, contains 40 cases. In these the lesions were situated in the cheek, palate, tongue, or lymphatic glands in relation to the mouth and pharynx. From twenty-three of the forty cases, cultures of a non-Gram-staining organism were obtained, which were identical in their characters on nutrient agar plates and in shake glucose agar tubes; and five of the strains were found identical when tested on a large series of differential media. One of the cultures was inoculated into a calf, and produced a local lesion with the characters of a natural lesion.This first group shows complete identity in the histological features and in the anatomical distribution of the disease with Actinobacillosis described by Lignières and Spitz in Argentina. The bacillus obtained has the characters of the Actinobacillus, except that the production of typical granules in the peritoneal cavity of guinea-pigs, described by Lignières and Spitz, has not been demonstrated.All the imported specimens which were examined microscopically exhibited the characters of the lesions of this first group, but the causal organism was not obtained in pure culture.The second group contains the remaining four British cases. The specific granules were composed of clubs and Gram-staining organisms, including branching filaments. The lesions were situated in each case in the inferior maxilla. The investigation of the biological characters of the organisms concerned is still in progress.These results show that Actinobacillosis is widespread in the world, and forms a considerable proportion of the cases of disease in oxen known under the name of Actinomycosis.

scholarly journals Global Outbreaks of SARS-nCoV-2 (COVID-19 Pandemic) and Spread out in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-41
Author(s):  
Md Belal Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Viral Pneumonia ◽  
Fatality Rate ◽  
The World ◽  
Death Cases

Currently, the world is concerned about the 2019 novel CoV (SARS-nCoV-2), the disease it causes has been named “coronavirus disease 2019” (COVID-19) that was initially identified in Wuhan, China on 31 December 2019. Infected patients presented with severe viral pneumonia and respiratory illness. The new SARS-CoV-2 is RNA genomes and a beta-coronavirus, like SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. In this article, provide a brief insights into past and present outbreaks of COVID-19. At end of the April 2020, COVID-19 Pandemic spread out all over the world in 210 countries/areas and the number of confirmed cases has been mounting globally. Reported in USA alone, over one million people are infected which is one-third of world confirmed cases and deaths cases also near to one-fourth of the total estimated deaths cases so far recorded globally. In other countries of the world situation is almost same but in Europe COVID-19 positive cases so high including death cases. In Bangladesh, the number of confirmed cases and fatality rate is lower than other reported countries in the world, due to deficient testing facilities and inadequate number of samples are tested, the virus seems to be highly contagious in Bangladesh as well. Although the fatality rate of SARS-nCoV-2 is currently lower than SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, but the virus seems to be highly contagious based on the number of infected cases to date. Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases 2020;7(1):38-41

The role of viral infection in the development of community-acquired pneumonia

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-53
Author(s):  
Vsevolod Vladimirovich Skvortsov ◽  
Ellina Albertovna Golieva ◽  
Georgiy Ilyich Malyakin
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infection ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Viral Pneumonia ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Course Features

This article discusses viral pneumonia of various etiologies (influenza, adenovirus, parainfluenza, bocavirus, coronavirus, polyomavirus, metapneumovirus, RSV), which has a decisive impact on the severity, course features and complications. The issues of epidemiology in the Russian Federation and in the world, pathogenesis, clinical picture, laboratory and instrumental diagnostics of this group of pathology are touched upon.

To the pathology of the so-called. acute pyelitis in children

1930 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-328
Keyword(s):  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Cellular Infiltration ◽  
Interstitial Inflammation ◽  
Almost All

Abstracts. Pediatrics. To the pathology of the so-called. acute pyelitis in children. Wilson a. Schloss (Am. Journ. Of dis. Of childr. 1929, vol. 38) in 49 cases of autopsy in children who suffered from pyuria during their lifetime, only in 2 cases they found clear inflammation of the pelvis, in almost all other cases there was more or less pronounced interstitial inflammation of the renal tissue in the form of mild cellular infiltration around the vessels, or in the form of small abscesses, or, finally, in the form of necrotic areas.

Rhinoscleroma: a chronic infectious disease of poor areas with characteristic histological features – report of a series of six cases

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boubacar Efared ◽  
Nawal Hammas ◽  
Atsame-Ebang Gabrielle ◽  
Najib Ben Mansour ◽  
Hinde El Fatemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Histological Features ◽  
The World ◽  
Adequate Management

Rhinoscleroma is a chronic infectious disease that is endemic in certain poor areas of the world. The diagnosis often relies on pathology, the outcome is disappointing and then marked by recurrence. We present a retrospective series of six patients histologically diagnosed with rhinoscleroma. Some clinical and histological features of the disease are discussed below, as its adequate management implies a multidisciplinary approach.

scholarly journals Immunohistochemical and Ultrastructural Studies of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae Strain in Naturally Infected Pigs in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
M. O. Olaniyi ◽  
O. L. Ajayi ◽  
O. O. Alaka ◽  
O. A. Mustapha ◽  
C. C. Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Lymphoid Hyperplasia ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Southwest Nigeria ◽  
Alveolar Septa ◽  
Geographical Locations

AbstractEnzootic pneumonia caused by hyopneumoniae (MHYO) remains a serious concern to the swine industry in many countries including Nigeria. MHYO strains isolated from pigs from different countries and geographical locations are known to vary in pathogenicity. There is a paucity of information on the pathogenicity of the MHYO strain affecting pigs in Nigeria. This study investigated the pathogenicity of the MHYO strain in naturally infected pigs using immunohisto-chemistry and electron microscopy. Two hundred and sixty four lungs of slaughtered pigs were randomly collected from abattoirs at Abeokuta, Ibadan and Lagos, in Southwest Nigeria. A sub-sample of 104 pneumonic and 20 apparently normal lungs was selected, processed for routine histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry, while 3 lung tissues samples were selected for ultrastructural studies. The most significant microscopic changes observed were suppurative broncho-interstitial pneumonia associated with varying degrees of lymphoid hyperplasia of the bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) and thickened alveolar septa due to cellular infiltration consisting predominantly of neutrophils and a few mononuclear cells. Immunohistochemically, MHYO antigen was detected in 86/104 (82.69 %) of MHYO-infected lung tissues and typically exhibited a granular brown reaction on the bronchial and bronchiolar epithelial lining, mononuclear cells in the BALT and luminal cellular exudates within the airways. Transmission electron microscopy revealed numerous Mycoplasma organisms in the lumina of the airways, in between degenerated cilia, while a few Mycoplasmas were located within the alveoli. It was concluded that the MHYO strain detected in this study was pathogenic to pigs and capable of inducing pneumonia, and therefore implicated in the pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Immunopathological Changes in SARS-CoV-2 Critical and Non-critical Pneumonia Patients: A Systematic Review to Determine the Cause of Co-infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saikat Samadder
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Immune Activation ◽  
Treatment Strategy ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Viral Pneumonia ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Level Change ◽  
The World

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic originating from Wuhan, China is causing major fatalities across the world. Viral pneumonia is commonly observed in COVID-19 pandemic. The number of deaths caused by viral pneumonia is mainly due to secondary bacterial or fungal infection. The immunopathology of SARS-CoV-2 viral pneumonia is poorly understood with reference to human clinical data collected from patients infected by virus and secondary bacterial or fungal infection occurring simultaneously. The co-infection inside the lungs caused by pneumonia has direct impact on the changing lymphocyte and neutrophil counts. Understanding the attribution of these two immunological cells triggered by cytokines level change is of great importance to identify the progression of pneumonia from non-severe to severe state in hospitalized patients. This review elaborates the cytokines imbalance observed in SARS-CoV-1 (2003 epidemic), SARS-CoV-2 (2019 pandemic) viral pneumonia and community acquired pneumonia (CAP), respectively, in patients to determine the potential reason of co-infection. In this review the epidemiology, virology, clinical symptoms, and immunopathology of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia are narrated. The immune activation during SARS-CoV-1 pneumonia, bacterial, and fungal pneumonia is discussed. Here it is further analyzed with the available literatures to predict the potential internal medicines, prognosis and monitoring suggesting better treatment strategy for SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia patients.

scholarly journals The significance of nanoparticles in particle- induced pulmonary fibrosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
James Byrne ◽  
John A Baugh
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Deposition Efficiency ◽  
Pulmonary Diseases ◽  
Epithelial Injury ◽  
The World ◽  
Airborne Nanoparticles ◽  
Chronic Pulmonary Diseases ◽  
Unrestricted Access ◽  
Regulatory Measures

Exposure to airborne nanoparticles contributes to many chronic pulmonary diseases. Nanoparticles, classified as anthropogenic and natural particles, and fibers of diameters less than 100 nm, have unrestricted access to most areas of the lung due to their size. Size relates to the deposition efficiency of the particle, with particles in the nano-range having the highest efficiencies. The deposition of nanoparticles in the lung can lead to chronic inflammation, epithelial injury, and further to pulmonary fibrosis. Cases of particle-induced pulmonary fibrosis, namely pneumoconiosis, are mostly occupationally influenced, and continue to be documented around the world. The tremendous growth of nanotechnology, however, has spurred fears of increased rates of pulmonary diseases, especially fibrosis. The severity of toxicological consequences warrants further examination of the effects of nanoparticles in humans, possible treatments and increased regulatory measures.

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