Surface tension study of cationic gemini surfactants binding to DNA

AbstractBinding of cationic gemini surfactants alkanediyl-a-ω-bis(dimethyldodecylammonium bromides) with variable polymethylene spacer length ranging from 2 to 12 methylene groups to DNA in NaBr solution is investigated utilizing the tensiometry method. A simple method is presented for calculating the number of surfactant molecules bound to DNA. The results are evaluated in terms of the gemini surfactant spacer length, showing that gemini molecules with either short spacers (2 methylene groups) or long spacers are most efficiently adsorbed to DNA. A weak adsorption to DNA was found for gemini molecules with a medium spacer length (6 methylene groups in the spacer). The binding properties of cationic gemini surfactants as a function of spacer length are consistent with the results obtained by other experimental methods (dynamic light scattering measurements, fluorescence spectroscopy), indicating identical adsorption behaviour of gemini molecules as a function of the spacer length.

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Self-assembly of cationic gemini surfactants, alkanediyl-bis-(dimethyldodecyl-ammonium bromide), in cyclohexane: effects of spacer length on their association into reverse lyotropic liquid crystalline or reverse vesicles

Soft Matter ◽

10.1039/c7sm02333b ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (5) ◽

pp. 734-741 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Shenglu Deng ◽

Jianxi Zhao

Keyword(s):

Self Assembly ◽

Liquid Crystalline ◽

Gemini Surfactant ◽

Gemini Surfactants ◽

Ammonium Bromide ◽

Spacer Length ◽

Cationic Gemini Surfactants ◽

Reverse Vesicles

An increase in the spacer length of the gemini surfactant 12-s-12 strongly influenced the aggregation of the surfactant in cyclohexane.

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The Synthesis, Self-Assembled Structures, and Microbicidal Activity of Cationic Gemini Surfactants with Branched Tridecyl Chains

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24234380 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (23) ◽

pp. 4380 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Martin Pisárčik ◽

Matúš Pupák ◽

Miloš Lukáč ◽

Ferdinand Devínsky ◽

Lukáš Hubčík ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gemini Surfactants ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Particle Size Analysis ◽

Size Analysis ◽

Spacer Length ◽

Microbicidal Activity ◽

Alkyl Chains ◽

Aggregation Behaviour ◽

Cationic Gemini Surfactants ◽

Methylene Groups

Cationic gemini surfactants with polymethylene spacer and linear alkyl chains containing an even number of carbon atoms have been extensively studied in the recent past, with the emphasis put on the determination of their aggregation behaviour in aqueous solution and their biological properties. However, the information on the aggregation of branched gemini surfactants with an odd number of carbon atoms in their alkyl chains is only sparsely reported in the literature. To help cover this gap in the research of cationic gemini surfactants, a series of branched bisammonium cationic gemini surfactants with an odd number of carbon atoms in alkyl chains (tridecane-2-yl chains) and a polymethylene spacer with a variable length ranging from 3 to 12 carbon atoms have been synthesized and investigated. Critical micelle concentration, which was determined by three methods, was found to be in the order 10−4 mol/L. A comparison of the obtained data of the novel series of tridecyl chain geminis with those of gemini surfactants with dodecyl chains and an identical spacer structure revealed that structural differences between both series of gemini surfactants result in different aggregation and surface properties for surfactants with 6 and 8 methylene groups in the spacer (N,N’-bis(tridecane-2-yl)-N,N,N’,N’-tetramethylhexane-1,6-diaminium dibromide and N,N’-bis(tridecane-2-yl)-N,N,N’,N’-tetramethyloctane-1,8-diaminium dibromide) with the cmc values 8.2 × 10−4 mol/L and 6.5 × 10−4 mol/L, respectively, as determined by surface tension measurements. Particle size analysis showed the formation of small stable spherical micelles in the interval between 2.8 and 5 nm and with zeta potential around +50 mV, which are independent of surfactant concentration and increase with the increasing spacer length. Microbicidal activity of 13-s-13 gemini surfactants was found to be efficient against Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria and yeast.

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Surface Activity Research of Cationic Gemini Surfactants

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.690-693.2076 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 690-693 ◽

pp. 2076-2080

Author(s):

Zhen Zhong Fan ◽

Lan Lan Li ◽

Li Feng Zhang ◽

Qing Wang Liu

Keyword(s):

Surface Tension ◽

Critical Micelle Concentration ◽

Surface Activity ◽

Surfactant Concentration ◽

Gemini Surfactant ◽

Gemini Surfactants ◽

Ph Value ◽

Inorganic Salts ◽

Cationic Gemini Surfactant ◽

Cationic Gemini Surfactants

Cationic Gemini surfactant concentration, the inorganic salts added and the pH value of surface tension obtained cationic gemini surfactant critical micelle concentration is 0.4mmol / L;by adding three kinds of inorganic salts NaCl, MgCl2, and Na2SO4 ,which Na2SO4 has the greatest impact on surface tension, followed by MgCl2.The surface minimum tension of the pH ranged from 9 to 11 , indicating that the surface activity of cationic gemini surfactants achieved the highest.

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Synthesis and assessment of new cationic gemini surfactants as inhibitors for carbon steel corrosion in oilfield water

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c7ra07176k ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (75) ◽

pp. 47335-47352 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

F. El-Taib Heakal ◽

M. A. Deyab ◽

M. M. Osman ◽

M. I. Nessim ◽

A. E. Elkholy

Keyword(s):

Carbon Steel ◽

Gemini Surfactant ◽

Gemini Surfactants ◽

Steel Corrosion ◽

Surfactant Molecule ◽

Cationic Gemini Surfactants ◽

Oilfield Water

Stylized representation of Gemini surfactant molecule.

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Development of Lyophilized Gemini Surfactant-Based Gene Delivery Systems: Influence of Lyophilization on the Structure, Activity and Stability of the Lipoplexes

Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.18433/j3x60d ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 548 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Waleed Mohammed-Saeid ◽

Deborah Michel ◽

Anas El-Aneed ◽

Ronald E Verrall ◽

Nicholas H Low ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Conformational Changes ◽

Gemini Surfactant ◽

Gemini Surfactants ◽

Transfection Efficiency ◽

Gene Transfection ◽

Physiochemical Properties ◽

Cationic Gemini Surfactants ◽

The Stability ◽

In Vitro Transfection

Purpose. Cationic gemini surfactants have been studied as non-viral vectors for gene therapy. Clinical applications of cationic lipid/DNA lipoplexes are restricted by their instability in aqueous formulations. In this work, we investigated the influence of lyophilization on the essential physiochemical properties and in vitro transfection of gemini surfactant-lipoplexes. Additionally, we evaluated the feasibility of lyophilization as a technique for preparing lipoplexes with long term stability. Methods. A gemini surfactant [12-7NH-12] and plasmid DNA encoding for interferon-γ were used to prepare gemini surfactant/pDNA [P/G] lipoplexes. Helper lipid DOPE [L] was incorporated in all formulation producing a [P/G/L] system. Sucrose and trehalose were utilized as stabilizing agents. To evaluate the ability of lyophilization to improve the stability of gemini surfactant-based lipoplexes, four lyophilized formulations were stored at 25˚C for three months. The formulations were analyzed at different time-points for physiochemical properties and in vitro transfection. Results. The results showed that both sucrose and trehalose provided anticipated stabilizing effect. The transfection efficiency of the lipoplexes increased 2-3 fold compared to fresh formulations upon lyophilization. This effect can be attributed to the improvement of DNA compaction and changes in the lipoplex morphology due to the lyophilization/rehydration cycles. The physiochemical properties of the lyophilized formulations were maintained throughout the stability study. All lyophilized formulations showed a significant loss of gene transfection activity after three months of storage. Nevertheless, no significant losses of transfection efficiency were observed for three formulations after two months storage at 25 ˚C. Conclusion. Lyophilization significantly improved the physical stability of gemini surfactant-based lipoplexes compared to liquid formulations. As well, lyophilization improved the transfection efficiency of the lipoplexes. The loss of transfection activity upon storage is most probably due to the conformational changes in the supramolecular structure of the lipoplexes as a function of time and temperature rather than to DNA degradation. This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page.

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