Coronary artery disease associated with radiation therapy

Open Medicine ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-183
Author(s):  
Turgay Celık ◽  
Cagdas Yuksel ◽  
Sait Demırkol ◽  
Atila Iyısoy ◽  
Cuneyt Ulutın
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Cardiac Complications ◽  
Curative Intent ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Cancer Specific Mortality ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Effects Of Radiation

AbstractRecent advancements in curative-intent therapies have led to dramatic improvements in breast cancer-specific mortality but at the direct expense of increased risk of cardiovascular-related mortality. The use of radiation therapy has led to significant improvements in survival for patients treated for breast cancer. However, as patients live longer, the potentially serious adverse effects of radiation on the heart have raised concerns. Coronary artery disease following irradiation is encountered rarely but is one of the most devastating treatable complications.In this article we review the cardiac complications associated with radiation therapy.

Stroke Rates and Risk Factors in Patients Treated With Radiation Therapy for Early-Stage Breast Cancer

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18) ◽  
pp. 2779-2785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reshma Jagsi ◽  
Kent A. Griffith ◽  
Todd Koelling ◽  
Rachel Roberts ◽  
Lori J. Pierce
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Absolute Excess Risk ◽  
Artery Disease

Purpose To examine whether stroke risk is elevated in American breast cancer patients treated with modern techniques, as well as whether supraclavicular radiation therapy (RT) is associated with increased risk. Methods Observed rates of stroke in 820 eligible early-stage breast cancer patients treated at the University of Michigan Hospital (Ann Arbor, MI) were compared with expected rates. Relationships between potential risk factors and actuarial rate of first stroke were analyzed. Results Median follow-up was 6.8 years. Twenty patients had at least one cerebrovascular accident (CVA) in follow-up; 35 patients had at least one CVA or transient ischemic attack (CVA/TIA). The standardized incidence ratios were 1.74 (0.94 to 2.37) for CVA and 1.68 (1.003 to 2.06) for CVA/TIA. The absolute excess risk per 1,000 patients per year was 1.67 for CVA and 2.76 for CVA/TIA. On bivariate analysis, factors significantly associated with actuarial rate of first CVA included hypertension (P = .002), age (P < .0001), coronary artery disease (P = .001), atrial fibrillation (P = .009), and supraclavicular RT (P = .021). Factors associated with CVA/TIA were hypertension (P < .001), coronary artery disease (P = .002), and age (P < .0001). Tamoxifen use alone was not significant (P = .19), but tamoxifen combined with baseline hypertension led to increased risk of CVA/TIA (log-rank P < .0001). On multivariate analysis, only age (P < .001) and hypertension (P = .003) remained significant predictors of CVA/TIA. Age was the only significant predictor of CVA alone (P < .001). Conclusion American breast cancer survivors may have an elevated risk of stroke compared with the general population, but the absolute excess risk is low. This study found no significant association between supraclavicular RT and stroke after controlling for other factors.

scholarly journals Coronary Artery Disease in Young Women After Radiation Therapy for Breast Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-392
Author(s):  
Lauren E. Carlson ◽  
Gordon P. Watt ◽  
Emily S. Tonorezos ◽  
Eric J. Chow ◽  
Anthony F. Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Artery Disease

scholarly journals Polygenic background modifies penetrance of monogenic variants conferring risk for coronary artery disease, breast cancer, or colorectal cancer

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akl C. Fahed ◽  
Minxian Wang ◽  
Julian R. Homburger ◽  
Aniruddh P. Patel ◽  
Alexander G. Bick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Polygenic Risk ◽  
Risk Variants ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Artery Disease

ABSTRACTBackgroundGenetic variation can predispose to disease both through (i) monogenic risk variants in specific genes that disrupt a specific physiologic pathway and have a large effect on disease risk and (ii) polygenic risk that involves large numbers of variants of small effect that affect many different pathways. Few studies have explored the interaction between monogenic risk variants and polygenic risk.MethodsWe identified monogenic risk variants and calculated polygenic scores for three diseases, coronary artery disease, breast cancer, and colorectal cancer, in three study populations — case-control cohorts for coronary artery disease (UK Biobank; N=12,879) and breast cancer (Color Genomics; N=19,264), and an independent cohort of 49,738 additional UK Biobank participants.ResultsIn the coronary artery disease case-control cohort, increased risk for carriers of a monogenic variant ranged from 1.3-fold for those in the lowest polygenic score quintile to 12.6-fold for those in the highest. For breast cancer, increased risk ranged from 2.4 to 6.9-fold across polygenic score quintiles. Among the 49,738 UK Biobank participants who carried a monogenic risk variant, the probability of disease at age 75 years was strongly modified by polygenic risk. Across individuals in the lowest to highest percentiles of polygenic risk, the probability of disease ranged from 17% to 78% for coronary artery disease; 13% to 76% for breast cancer; and 11% to 80% for colon cancer.ConclusionsFor three important genomic conditions, polygenic risk powerfully modifies the risk conferred by monogenic risk variants.

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