Integrated ecological research of catchment-lake ecosystems in the Bohemian Forest (Central Europe): A preface

Biologia ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (20) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Kopáček ◽  
Jaroslav Vrba
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Acid Deposition ◽  
Partial Recovery ◽  
Ecological Research ◽  
Climatic Effects ◽  
Lake Ecosystems ◽  
Bohemian Forest ◽  
Forest Lakes ◽  
Long Term Ecological Research ◽  
The Bohemian Forest

AbstractThe Bohemian Forest (Šumava, Böhmerwald) is situated in Central Europe and is among the most acidified lake districts in the world. Deposition of S and N compounds in the area rapidly increased between 1950 and 1980, and reached a maximum in the 1980s. During the 1990s, acid deposition decreased substantially, and current levels are comparable to the early 20th century for SO42− and NH4+, and to the mid 1960s for NO3−. These changes in acid deposition have led to a partial recovery of the Bohemian Forest lakes. This paper provides an overview of previous research, and details on the organization and aims of current research on the Bohemian Forest lakes. Available historical data and regular monitoring (since 1984) provide a valuable background for long-term ecological research of the catchment-lake ecosystems that currently focuses on (i) chemical reversal and biological recovery of the lakes, (ii) acidification impacts on in-lake nutrient cycling, (iii) climatic effects on water chemistry, and (iv) catchment processes, including soil biogeochemistry and acidification impacts on vegetation.

Constraints on the biological recovery of the Bohemian Forest lakes from acid stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 376-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Vrba ◽  
Jindřiška Bojková ◽  
Pavel Chvojka ◽  
Jan Fott ◽  
Jiří Kopáček ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Stress ◽  
Biological Recovery ◽  
Bohemian Forest ◽  
Forest Lakes ◽  
The Bohemian Forest

The Lateglacial and Holocene in Central Europe: a multi-proxy environmental record from the Bohemian Forest, Czech Republic

Boreas ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 769-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klára Vočadlová ◽  
Libor Petr ◽  
Pavla Žáčková ◽  
Marek Křížek ◽  
Lenka Křížová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Bohemian Forest ◽  
The Bohemian Forest

Additions and corrections to “The Muscidae of Central Europe” III. A new species of Coenosia Meigen, 1826 from Central Europe (Diptera: Muscidae)

Biologia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
František Gregor ◽  
Rudolf Rozkošný
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
New Species ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
Bohemian Forest ◽  
The Bohemian Forest ◽  
A New Species

AbstractCoenosia bohemica sp. n. is described from the Bohemian Forest in the Czech Republic. Its relationships to similar species are discussed and its diagnostic characters are illustrated.

Mountain aquatic Isoëtes populations reflect millennial-scale environmental changes in the Bohemian Forest Ecosystem, Central Europe

The Holocene ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 095968362098806
Author(s):  
Alice Moravcová ◽  
Anna Tichá ◽  
Vachel A Carter ◽  
Daniel Vondrák ◽  
Martina Čtvrtlíková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Plant Macrofossils ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Bohemian Forest ◽  
The Bohemian Forest ◽  
Millennial Scale

In this study we aim to investigate millennial-scale dynamics of Isoëtes, a type of macrophyte well adapted to oligotrophic and clear-water lakes. Despite its wide distribution during the Early Holocene, nowadays Isoëtes is considered as vulnerable or critically endangered in many Central European countries. Using a multi-proxy palaeoecological reconstruction involving Isoëtes micro- and megaspores, pollen, plant macrofossils, macro-charcoal, diatoms and chironomids from four lakes (Prášilské jezero, Plešné jezero, Černé jezero, Rachelsee) located in the Bohemian Forest Ecosystem mountain region in Central Europe, we reconstruct Isoëtes dynamics and discuss how local environmental factors impacted its distribution and abundance during the Holocene. Our results show regionally concurrent patterns of Isoëtes colonisation across all lakes beginning 10,300–9300 cal yr BP, and substantially declining around 6400 cal yr BP. Results from Prášilské jezero imply that Isoëtes decline and collapse in this lake reflect gradual dystrophication that led to the browning of lake water. This is evidenced by a shift in diatom assemblages towards more acidophilous taxa dominated by Asterionella ralfsii and by a decrease in total chironomid abundance and taxa sensitive to low oxygen levels. Dystrophication of Prášilské jezero was linked with the immigration of the late-successional tree taxa ( Picea abies and later Fagus sylvatica and Abies alba), peatland expansion, and decreasing fire activity. Multi-site comparison of pollen records suggest that these vegetation-related environmental changes were common for the whole region. Our study demonstrates the sensitivity of Isoëtes to millennial-scale natural environmental changes within the surrounding lake catchment.

New international long-term ecological research on air pollution effects on the Carpathian Mountain forests, Central Europe

2003 ◽  
Vol 29 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 367-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Bytnerowicz ◽  
Ovidiu Badea ◽  
Ion Barbu ◽  
Peter Fleischer ◽  
Witold Frączek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Ecological Research ◽  
Mountain Forests ◽  
Pollution Effects ◽  
Carpathian Mountain ◽  
Long Term Ecological Research ◽  
Air Pollution Effects

scholarly journals Phylogeography ofArabidopsis halleri(Brassicaceae) in mountain regions of Central Europe inferred from cpDNA variation and ecological niche modelling

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e1645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawel Wasowicz ◽  
Maxime Pauwels ◽  
Andrzej Pasierbinski ◽  
Ewa M. Przedpelska-Wasowicz ◽  
Alicja A. Babst-Kostecka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Ecological Niche Modelling ◽  
Phylogeographic Structure ◽  
Glacial Refugium ◽  
Mountain Regions ◽  
Niche Modelling ◽  
Bohemian Forest ◽  
The Bohemian Forest ◽  
Occurrence Records

The present study aimed to investigate phylogeographical patterns present withinA. halleriin Central Europe. 1,281 accessions sampled from 52 populations within the investigated area were used in the study of genetic variation based on chloroplast DNA. Over 500 high-quality species occurrence records were used in ecological niche modelling experiments. We evidenced the presence of a clear phylogeographic structure withinA. halleriin Central Europe. Our results showed that two genetically different groups of populations are present in western and eastern part of the Carpathians. The hypothesis of the existence of a glacial refugium in the Western Carpathians adn the Bohemian Forest cannot be rejected from our data. It seems, however, that the evidence collected during the present study is not conclusive. The area of Sudetes was colonised after LGM probably by migrants from the Bohemian Forest.

Long-term studies (1871–2000) on acidification and recovery of lakes in the Bohemian Forest (central Europe)

2003 ◽  
Vol 310 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 73-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Vrba ◽  
Jiřı&́ Kopáček ◽  
Jan Fott ◽  
Leoš Kohout ◽  
Linda Nedbalová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Bohemian Forest ◽  
The Bohemian Forest ◽  
Acidification And Recovery ◽  
Long Term Studies

scholarly journals Sulphur and nitrogen fluxes and budgets in the Bohemian Forest and Tatra Mountains during the Industrial Revolution (1850-2000)

2001 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kopácek ◽  
J. Veselý ◽  
E. Stuchlík
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soils ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Alpine Lakes ◽  
Dissolved Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Tatra Mountains ◽  
Alpine Soils ◽  
Bohemian Forest ◽  
Forest Lakes ◽  
The Bohemian Forest ◽  
Atmospheric Inputs

Abstract. Major fluxes of sulphur and dissolved inorganic nitrogen were estimated in Central European mountain ecosystems of the Bohemian Forest (forest lakes) and Tatra Mountains (alpine lakes) over the industrial period. Sulphur outputs from these ecosystems were comparable to inputs during a period of relatively stable atmospheric deposition (10-35 mmol m-2 yr-1) around the 1930s. Atmospheric inputs of sulphur increased by three- to four-fold between the 1950s and 1980s to ~140 and ~60 mmol mm-2 yr-1 in the Bohemian Forest and Tatra Mountains, respectively. Sulphur outputs were lower than inputs due to accumulation in soils, which was higher in forest soils than in the sparser alpine soils and represented 0.8-1.6 and 0.2-0.3 mol m-2, respectively, for the whole 1930-2000 period. In the 1990s, atmospheric inputs of sulphur decreased 80% and 50% in the Bohemian Forest and Tatra Mountains, respectively, and sulphur outputs exceeded inputs. Catchment soils became pronounced sources of sulphur with output fluxes averaging between 15 and 31 mmol m-2 yr-1. Higher sulphur accumulation in the forest soils has delayed (by several decades) recovery of forest lakes from acidification compared to alpine lakes. Estimated deposition of dissolved inorganic nitrogen was 53-75 mmol m-2 yr-1 in the Bohemian Forest and 35-45 mmol m-2 yr-1 in the Tatra Mountains in the 1880- 1950 period, i.e. below the empirically derived threshold of ~70 mmol m-2 yr-1, above which nitrogen leaching often occurs. Dissolved inorganic nitrogen was efficiently retained in the ecosystems and nitrate export was negligible (0-7 mmol m-2 yr-1). By the 1980s, nitrogen deposition increased to ~160 and ~80 mmol m-2 yr-1 in the Bohemian Forest and Tatra Mountains, respectively, and nitrogen output increased to 120 and 60 mmol m-2 yr-1. Moreover, assimilation of nitrogen in soils declined from ~40 to 10-20 mmol m-2 yr-1 in the alpine soils and even more in the Bohemian Forest, where one of the catchments has even become a net source of nitrogen. In the 1990s, nitrogen deposition decreased by ~30% and DIN output decreased to < 70 and 35 mmol m-2 yr-1 in the Bohemian Forest and Tatra Mountains, respectively. New steady-state conditions, with negligible nitrogen export, could be reached in future but at lower nitrogen depositions than in the 1930s. Keywords: emission, deposition, acidification, nitrogen-saturation, recovery, sulphate, nitrate, ammonium, mountain lakes

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