Geomyces destructans associated with bat disease WNS detected in Slovakia

Biologia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Šimonovičov ◽  
Domenico Pangallo ◽  
Katarína Chovanová ◽  
Blanka Lehotská
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
North America ◽  
Soil Science ◽  
Soil Biology ◽  
Geomyces Destructans ◽  
Alternaria Tenuissima ◽  
Isaria Farinosa ◽  
White Nose Syndrome ◽  
Myotis Myotis

AbstractThe paper describes macro- and micromorphological features of Geomyces destructans, the fungus which is associated with the white-nose syndrome (WNS) bat disease in North America. This species was isolated from hibernating Myotis myotis at two sites in Malé Karpaty Mts (the old mine Pod medveđou skalou and the ZbojnÍcka Cave) in Western Slovakia. Besides Geomyces destructans, the species Isaria farinosa, Cladosporium macrocarpum and Alternaria tenuissima were isolated, too. All strains are deposed at the Department of Soil Science, Comenius University in Bratislava (Slovakia) and in CMF at Institute of Soil Biology in Českějovice (Czech Republic).

scholarly journals Cognettia sphagnetorum (Vejdovský, 1878) (Annelida, Clitellata, Enchytraeidae) in North America, confirmed with molecular support

Check List ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 979-983
Author(s):  
Will K. Reeves ◽  
Jeremy R. Shaw ◽  
Mark J. Wetzel
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
North America ◽  
Dna Sequencing ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Soil Biology ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Western Washington ◽  
Cognettia Sphagnetorum

Cognettia sphagnetorum (Vejdovský, 1878), a common inhabitant of forest soils and bogs in northern Europe, is a model organism in soil biology. We report the first documented occurrence of C. sphagnetorum in North America, based on DNA sequencing from a Sphagnum bog in western Washington, USA. Sequences were identical to that of worms from Sweden and the Czech Republic.

Prevalence and phenology of white-nose syndrome fungus Pseudogymnoascus destructans in bats from Poland

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konrad Sachanowicz ◽  
Arkadiusz Stępień ◽  
Mateusz Ciechanowski
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Mass Mortality ◽  
Parasitic Fungus ◽  
Pseudogymnoascus Destructans ◽  
Southern Poland ◽  
White Nose Syndrome ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Myotis Myotis ◽  
Myotis Daubentonii ◽  
Fungal Dna

AbstractPseudogymnoascus destructans (Pd), a parasitic fungus (being responsible for a disease known as white-nose syndrome, WNS) that caused mass mortality of cave-dwelling, hibernating bats in North America, appears to be native of Europe, where it also occurs on wintering bats, but no similar outbreaks of WNS have been recorded. Herein, we provide the first account on prevalence and phenology of P. destructans in Poland. Bats were counted once per month, from October or January to May (2010-2013), in an abandoned ore mine in southern Poland. Presence of P. destructans in two samples was confirmed by sequencing of isolated fungal DNA. Observations of phenotypically identical mycosis on bats hibernating at this site in March 2006 are likely to be the first known records of P. destructans from Poland. All Pd-suspected individuals were Myotis myotis with an exception of one Myotis daubentonii. The first Pd-suspected bats were noted in mid-February, but their number was the highest in March, what overlapped with maximum numbers of hibernating M. myotis. The prevalence in March was 7%–27% of M. myotis individuals. No mass mortality of bats was observed in the mine, with only three dead individuals found in the hibernaculum which hosted up to 130 bats, representing 6–7 species.

A review of factors affecting cave climates for hibernating bats in temperate North America

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger W. Perry
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Evaporative Water ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Geomyces Destructans ◽  
Thermal Requirements ◽  
White Nose Syndrome ◽  
Air Infiltration

The fungal pathogen Geomyces destructans, which causes white-nose syndrome in bats, thrives in the cold and moist conditions found in caves where bats hibernate. To aid managers and researchers address this disease, an updated and accessible review of cave hibernacula and cave microclimates is presented. To maximize energy savings and reduce evaporative water loss during winter, most temperate vespertilionid bats in North America select caves with temperatures between 2 and 10 °C, with 60%–100% relative humidity. Generally, the temperature in caves is similar to the mean annual surface temperature (MAST) of a region, which varies by latitude, altitude, and topography. However, MAST for most areas where caves are found in eastern North America is well above 10 °C. Thus, various factors cause cold-air infiltration that reduces temperatures of these caves during winter. These factors include depth of cave, topographic setting, airflow patterns, cave configuration, and water infiltration. Factors affecting humidity, condensation, and evaporation are also addressed. In areas where MAST is above or below the thermal requirements of Geomyces destructans, many caves used by bats as hibernacula may still provide favorable sites for optimal growth of this fungus.

scholarly journals Distribution and Environmental Persistence of the Causative Agent of White-Nose Syndrome, Geomyces destructans, in Bat Hibernacula of the Eastern United States

2012 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 1293-1301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey M. Lorch ◽  
Laura K. Muller ◽  
Robin E. Russell ◽  
Michael O'Connor ◽  
Daniel L. Lindner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
The United States ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Geomyces Destructans ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
White Nose Syndrome

ABSTRACTWhite-nose syndrome (WNS) is an emerging disease of hibernating bats caused by the recently described fungusGeomyces destructans. First isolated in 2008, the origins of this fungus in North America and its ability to persist in the environment remain undefined. To investigate the correlation between manifestation of WNS and distribution ofG. destructansin the United States, we analyzed sediment samples collected from 55 bat hibernacula (caves and mines) both within and outside the known range of WNS using a newly developed real-time PCR assay.Geomyces destructanswas detected in 17 of 21 sites within the known range of WNS at the time when the samples were collected; the fungus was not found in 28 sites beyond the known range of the disease at the time when environmental samples were collected. These data indicate that the distribution ofG. destructansis correlated with disease in hibernating bats and support the hypothesis that the fungus is likely an exotic species in North America. Additionally, we examined whetherG. destructanspersists in infested bat hibernacula when bats are absent. Sediment samples were collected from 14 WNS-positive hibernacula, and the samples were screened for viable fungus by using a culture technique. ViableG. destructanswas cultivated from 7 of the 14 sites sampled during late summer, when bats were no longer in hibernation, suggesting that the fungus can persist in the environment in the absence of bat hosts for long periods of time.

Anoplophora glabripennis. [Distribution map].

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Anoplophora Glabripennis ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
New Distribution ◽  
Distribution In Europe

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky). Coleoptera: Cerambycidae. Hosts: polyphagous on hardwoods. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Corsica, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Switzerland, UK, England and Wales), Asia (China, Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Menggu, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Xizhang, Yunnan, Zhejiang, Japan, Honshu, Korea Democratic People's Republic, Korea Republic), North America (Canada, British Columbia, Ontario, USA, California, Illinois, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Washington).

Leucostoma cinctum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. P. Hayova
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Host Response ◽  
Comparative Anatomy ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Stone Fruit ◽  
Republic Of Georgia ◽  
Conidial State ◽  
Fruit Orchards

Abstract A description is provided for Leucostoma cinctum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Leucostoma cinctum, especially in its conidial state, is a well-known pathogen of stone-fruit trees causing necrosis of twigs, perennial Cytospora-canker. The fungus penetrates mainly through the scars, and may result in dieback of branches or even whole trees. Tree susceptibility to L. cinctum is influenced by lesions (Stanova, 1990). Comparative anatomy and host response of peach cultivars inoculated with L. cinctum was studied by Biggs (1986). Resistance of different cultivars of stone-fruit trees to L cinctum has been investigated by many authors (Cociu et al., 1991; Miles et al., 1989; Pedryc & Rozsnyai, 1991). HOSTS: On dead or dying, attached or fallen twigs of the Rosaceae, mainly Prunoideae (Amygdalus, Armeniaca, Cerasus, Persica, Prunus) and rarely other subfamilies of the Rosaceae, including genera such as Cotoneaster, Crataegus, Malus and Pyrus. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Asia: Armenia, Republic of Georgia, Iran, Kazakhstan, Russia, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan. Australasia: Australia. Europe: Czech Republic, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Moldova, Rumania, Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Switzerland, Sweden, Turkey, UK, Ukraine, former Yugoslavia. North America: Canada, USA (Idaho, Michigan, New-Jersey, Oregon). TRANSMISSION: Both conidia and ascospores are air-borne, especially under humid conditions. Orange or reddish droplets or tendrils of conidia extruded from conidiomata can be often seen after rain. It is also known that arthropods can carry propagules in stone-fruit orchards (Helton et al., 1988).

Valsa malicola. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. P. Hayova
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Republic Of Georgia

Abstract A description is provided for Valsa malicola. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Valsa malicola is associated with dieback of Malus twigs, especially weakened by other factors, for example when frozen, burnt, wounded, injured by insects or attacked by other pathogens. HOSTS: On dead or dying twigs of Malus species, and other Maloideae (Cotoneaster, Crataegus, Cydonia, Pyracantha, Pyrus, Rosa). The fungus can also be found on other members of the Rosaceae (e.g. Prunus), but only infrequently, and mainly as the anamorph. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Asia: Armenia, Azerbaijan, China, Republic of Georgia, Kazakhstan, Russia. Europe: Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Portugal, Rumania, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, Ukraine. North America. TRANSMISSION: Both conidia and ascospores are air-borne, especially under humid conditions. Brightly coloured droplets or tendrils of conidia are often exuded from conidiomata after rain.

Mycosphaerella oxyacanthae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. V. Andrianova
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Voronezh Oblast ◽  
Saratov Oblast ◽  
Crataegus Laevigata ◽  
Kursk Oblast ◽  
Astrakhan Oblast

Abstract A description is provided for Mycosphaerella oxyacanthae, which sometimes causes lesions on leaves of Crataegus laevigata. Some information on its dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (North America (USA), Asia (Armenia, Azerbaijan, China, Georgia, India, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan [Kyrgyzstan], Russia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan), Europe (Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Great Britain, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Norway, Portugal, Romania, Russia (Astrakhan oblast, Kursk oblast, Saratov oblast, Stavropolskyi krai, Voronezh oblast), Sweden, Switzerland and Ukraine)) and hosts (Phoma macrostoma, Crataegus ambigua, C. beckeriana, C. chlorocarpa, C. curvisepala [syn. C. kyrtostyla], C. laevigata [syn. C. oxyacantha], C. macracantha, C. microphylla, C. mollis, C. monogyna, C. pinnatifida, C. remotilobata, C. sanguinea, C. songarica [C. songorica], C. volgensis, and Crataegus sp.).

Lophiostoma macrostomoides. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. F. Cannon
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
North America ◽  
North Dakota ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Conservation Status

Abstract A description is provided for Lophiostoma macrostomoides (Thyridaria macrostomoides), which is considered to be a saprobic fungus, colonizing dead bark and lignum tissues. Some information on its dispersal and transmission and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (North America (Canada, Ontario), USA (Colorado, Iowa, Kansas, Massachusetts, Michigan, Montana, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Utah, Vermont), Asia (China, Xinjiang, Iran, Pakistan), Europe (Austria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Lithuania, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK)). L. macrostomoides is reported primarily from dead (decorticated) wood and bark of Populus and Salix species, and recorded more rarely from other woody substrata.

Helminthosphaeria stuppea. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Minter
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Tsuga Mertensiana

Abstract A description is provided for Helminthosphaeria stuppea, which is apparently saprobic and able to colonize woody parts of a wide range of plants. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, habitats, dispersal and transmission, and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (North America (USA (California, Colorado, Utah and Washington)), Europe (Austria, Czech Republic, Denmark, France and UK)) and hosts (including Tsuga mertensiana). No reports of negative economic impacts have been found.

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