scholarly journals Inventory and stage structure of two upper subalpine primary spruce [Picea abies (L.) H. Karst] forests in the Jarząbcza and Pyszniańska valleys (Tatra National Park)

2012 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Karczmarski ◽  
Celina Bryniarska
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
National Park ◽  
Stage Structure ◽  
Tatra National Park

Budowa i struktura górnoreglowych borów świerkowych [Picea abies (L.) H. Karst] o charakterze pierwotnym w dolinach Jarząbczej i Pyszniańskiej (Tatrzański Park Narodowy)

scholarly journals The structure of forest stands in the Tatra National Park: The results of 2016–2017 inventory

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Bodziarczyk ◽  
Jerzy Szwagrzyk ◽  
Tomasz Zwijacz-Kozica ◽  
Antoni Zięba ◽  
Janusz Szewczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Fagus Sylvatica ◽  
National Park ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Protection Zone ◽  
Dead Trees ◽  
Standing Dead ◽  
Elevation Zone ◽  
Standing Dead Trees ◽  
Tatra National Park

Abstract The composition and structure of forest stands in the Tatra National Park were examined using data gathered in 2016 and 2017 from 617 circular sample plots (0.05 ha each). The diameter at breast height of all living trees, standing dead trees, snags, and wind throws was measured along with diameters and lengths of fallen logs within the plot boundaries. Tree height was measured for all living trees within the core (0.01 ha) of the sample plots. Using the obtained data, height-diameter curves were calculated for all major tree species and in the case of spruce, the height-diameter relationships were also calculated separately for each of the three elevation zones (up to 1200 m, between 1200 and 1400 m, above 1400 m). For each elevation zone and park protection zone, we also determined the volumes of live and dead trees. The volume of living trees in the Tatra National Park amounted to 259 m3/ha, which was higher than the volume of dead trees (176 m3/ha). Snags constituted the largest part of the dead wood whilst over 97% of the standing dead trees were spruce Picea abies. Among living trees, the share of spruce ranged from 81% in the low elevation zone to 98% in the middle zone. Other significant species in the lower zone were Abies alba (11%) and Fagus sylvatica (4.5%), while in the middle and upper elevation zones only Sorbus aucuparia occurred in significant numbers. Furthermore, in the lower elevation zone, Fagus sylvatica was the only species displaying significantly higher volumes in the ‘strict protection’ zone compared to the other park areas. In the ‘landscape protection’ zone, Picea abies was the most dominant species and the share of other species in the lowest elevation zones calculated based on tree density was smaller than calculated based on tree volume, indicating problems with stand conversion from spruce monoculture to mixed forest.

scholarly journals Variability of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) cone entomofauna in the Tatra National Park in association with the development of cones

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 154-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kozioł
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
National Park ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Trophic Groups ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Tatra National Park ◽  
First Time

In the years 1987–1993 research aimed at the qualitative and quantitative composition of insects inhabiting the cones of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) was carried out in the area of the Tatra National Park (Poland) for the first time. Approximately 72 thousand specimens of insects were obtained, representing 50 species from 8 orders. Kaltenbachiola strobi (Winn.), Plemeliella abietina Seitn. and Cydia strobilella L. were among the most frequently occurring species. The entomofauna of ripening, ripe and old, already lignified cones was determined, and among the insects found trophic groups were distinguished and, consequently, characterized by means of the following ecological indexes: constancy, dominance and species diversity. The qualitative and quantitative composition of spruce (P. abies) cone entomofauna was changing along with the development of the cones, due to the periods of occupancy and leaving the cones by species of varied bioecology. The entomofauna of ripe cones was characterized by higher species diversity (42 species) than that of ripening cones (25 species) and old cones (26 species).

scholarly journals Heavy Metal Content in the Plants (Pleurozium schreberi and Picea abies) of Environmentally Important Protected Areas of the Tatra National Park (the Central Western Carpathians, Poland)

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1231
Author(s):  
Joanna Korzeniowska ◽  
Paweł Krąż ◽  
Sławomir Dorocki
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Picea Abies ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
National Park ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Test Area ◽  
Pleurozium Schreberi ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Tatra National Park

This work concerns the content of selected heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn), and determines the effect of absolute altitude on the content of metals in the plants of the Tatra National Park (TNP). The metals were determined in two species of plants, i.e., in the moss (Pleurozium schreberi (Willd.) Mitten) and in the Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst). Plant samples were collected in two test areas every 100 m of the altitude of the area, starting from 1000 m above sea level in the Lake Morskie Oko test area and from 1100 m above sea level in the Kasprowy Wierch test area, and ending at 1400 m above sea level for Lake Morskie Oko, and 1750 m above sea level (the moss) and 1550 m above sea level (the spruce) for Kasprowy Wierch. The two test areas are different from each other in terms of natural and physico-geographical conditions (geological structure, landform, climatic conditions). The conducted research showed that both plant species accumulated greater amounts of heavy metals in the Lake Morskie Oko test area than in the Kasprowy Wierch test area. The moss accumulated higher values of metals compared to the spruce. In both the moss and the spruce, the highest values, exceeding the natural content, were found for Cr, Pb, Cd, and Ni. For these metals, natural values were significantly exceeded: 20 times for Cr; 10 times for Pb; 4 times for Cd; and 3 times for Ni. For both examined areas, an increase in the quantity of accumulated metals in plants was also observed with the increase in altitude. The work focuses on the spreading around of heavy metals and their deposition on plants in protected high mountain (alpine) areas, in connection with altitude. Based on the obtained research results, Spearman’s and Kendall’s rank correlations were performed, and showed statistically significant relationships between the values for the content of metals and altitude. There are no heavy metal emission sources in the study area, so it is assumed that the metal content in the plants of the TNP is affected by long-range emissions.

scholarly journals Geodiversity map of the Tatra National Park for geotourism

2012 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Zwoliński ◽  
Jakub Stachowiak
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Tatra Mountains ◽  
Thematic Layers ◽  
Park Area ◽  
Tatra National Park ◽  
The Tatra Mountains

Geodiversity map of the Tatra National Park for geotourism The paper indicates the relations between geodiversity and geotourism in the Tatra National Park. Geodiversity of the Tatra Mountains is visualized by its geodiversity map, whereas geotouristic attractions are measured by touristic attractions along touristic trails on geodiversity map. Areas of the highest geodiversity cover merely 8.2% of the Tatar National Park area. These are mainly areas close to the Tatra Mountains' main ridge. It is so due to geology, landform energy, slopes, landform fragmentation and geoecological belts. Most of the analyzed thematic layers categorizes ridges as more geodiversed than valley areas. The trails situated in the valley bottoms usually cross by areas of low geodiversity, however, from geotouristic point of view, it should be noted that slopes and ridges circumvolving the valley can be marked by high geodiversity. The mountain slopes and ridges are within tourist's sight, what increases trail's geotouristic attractiveness. Amongst many geotouristically interesting parts of the Tatra Mountains Dolina Pięciu Stawów valley appears to be the most appealing with its high quantity and high variety of post-glacial forms on valley's bottom as well as on its slopes.

scholarly journals The impact of windthrow and fire disturbances on selected soil properties in the Tatra National Park

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (Special Issue No. 1) ◽  
pp. S74-S80 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Gömöryová ◽  
K. Střelcová ◽  
J. Škvarenina ◽  
J. Bebej ◽  
D. Gömöry
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Microbial Activity ◽  
National Park ◽  
Soil Microbial Activity ◽  
N Mineralisation ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Microbial Characteristics ◽  
Fire Disturbances ◽  
Tatra National Park ◽  
The Impact

: In November 2004, forest stands in the Tatra National Park (TANAP) were affected by windthrow and in July 2005, the wildfire broke out on a part of the affected area. The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of the windthrow and fire disturbances on soil microbial activity. Basal and potential soil respiration, N-mineralisation, catalase activity, soil microbial biomass, and cellulase activity were measured in soil samples taken from the A-horizon (depth of 0–10 cm) along 100 m transects established on 4 plots (reference site, burnt, non-extracted, and extracted sites) in October 2006. Some soil microbial characteristics exhibited a high spatial variability, especially microbial biomass and N-mineralisation. Significant differences in soil microbial characteristics (especially basal soil respiration and catalase activity) between plots were found. Generally, the highest microbial activity was revealed on the plot affected by fire. Soil microbial activity was similar on the extracted and non-extracted sites.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Abiotic Controls on Windthrow Disturbance Using a Generalized Additive Model: A Case Study of the Tatra National Park, Slovakia

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1259
Author(s):  
Vladimír Falťan ◽  
Stanislav Katina ◽  
Jozef Minár ◽  
Norbert Polčák ◽  
Martin Bánovský ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Generalized Additive Model ◽  
Damage Index ◽  
Additive Model ◽  
Forest Damage ◽  
Wind Force ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Soil Skeleton ◽  
Abiotic Controls ◽  
Tatra National Park

Windthrows are the most important type of disturbance occurring in the forests of Central Europe. On 19 November 2004, the strong northeastern katabatic winds caused significant damage and land cover change to more than 126 km2 of spruce forests in the Tatra National Park. The risk of subsequent soil erosion and accelerated runoff has increased in the affected habitats. Similar situations may reoccur this century as a consequence of climate change. A geographical approach and detailed research of the damaged area with more comprehensive statistical analyses of 47 independent variables will help us to obtain a deeper insight into the problem of windthrow disturbances. The results are based on a detailed investigation of the damaged stands, soil, and topography. A comprehensive input dataset enabled the evaluation of abiotic controls on windthrow disturbance through the use of a generalized additive model (GAM). The GAM revealed causal linear and nonlinear relationships between the local dependent quantitative variables (the damage index and the uprooting index) and independent variables (various soil and topography properties). Our model explains 69% of the deviance of the total damage. The distribution of the wind force depended upon the topographical position—mainly on the distance from the slope’s foot lines. The soil properties (mainly the soil skeleton, i.e., rock fragments in stony soils) affect the rate and manner of damage (uprooting), especially on sites with less wind force. Stem breakage with no relation to the soil prevailed in places with high force winds. The largest number of uprooted trees was recorded in localities without a soil skeleton. The spruce’s waterlogged shallow root system is significantly prone to uprooting. The comprehensive research found a significant relationship between the abiotic variables and two different measures of forest damage, and can expand the knowledge on wind impact in Central European forests.

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