Pollutant emission from a heat station supplied with agriculture biomass and wood pellet mixture

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Juszczak ◽  
Katarzyna Lossy
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Pollutant Emission ◽  
Heat Output ◽  
Wood Pellets ◽  
Wood Pellet ◽  
Carbon Monoxide Concentration ◽  
Heat Efficiency ◽  
Air Stream ◽  
Fuel Mixtures ◽  
Lower Carbon

Pollutant emission from a heat station supplied with agriculture biomass and wood pellet mixtureTests for combustion of hay and sunflower husk pellets mixed with wood pellets were performed in a horizontal-feed as well as under-feed (retort) wood pellet furnace installed in boilers with a nominal heat output of 15 and 20 kW, located in a heat station. During the combustion a slagging phenomenon was observed in the furnaces. In order to lower the temperature in the furnace, fuel feeding rate was reduced with unaltered air stream rate. The higher the proportion of wood pellets in the mixture the lower carbon monoxide concentration. The following results of carbon monoxide concentration (in mg/m3presented for 10% O2content in flue gas) for different furnaces and fuel mixtures (proportion in wt%) were obtained: horizontal-feed furnace supplied with hay/wood: 0/100 - 326; 30/70 - 157; 50/50 - 301; 100/0 - 3300; horizontal-feed furnace supplied with sunflower husk/wood: 50/50 - 1062; 67/33 - 1721; 100/0 - 3775; under-feed (retort) furnace supplied with hay/wood: 0/100 - 90; 15/85 - 157; 30/70 - 135; 50/50 - 5179; under-feed furnace supplied with sunflower husk/wood: 67/33 - 2498; 100/0 - 3128. Boiler heat output and heat efficiency was low: 7 to 13 kW and about 55%, respectively, for the boiler with horizontal-feed furnace and 9 to 14 kW and 64%, respectively, for the boiler with under-feed furnace.

scholarly journals Influence on CO and PM Emissions of an Innovative Burner Pot for Pellet Stoves: An Experimental Study

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Polonini ◽  
Domenico Petrocelli ◽  
Simone Parmigiani ◽  
Adriano Lezzi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Wood Pellet ◽  
Organic Part ◽  
Inorganic Matter ◽  
Air Stream ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Co Reduction

In this study, an extensive set of experiments has been performed to investigate how the emissions of carbon monoxide (CO) and particulate matter (PM) from wood pellet combustion are correlated with the different layout of air inlets in the two burner pots of pellet stoves. In particular, emissions generated using a “traditional” burner pot are compared with those produced with an innovative one. Tests were carried out on four pellet stoves (8–11 kW burning power). Tests show that CO emissions can be reduced close to zero using the innovative burner pot. PM emissions are also reduced, but not as much as those of CO. This phenomenon is explained assuming that CO reduction implies a reduction of the organic part of PM, but not of the inorganic matter. Experiments also show an apparent dependence of PM release on the time from ignition for both burner pot models: PM emissions increase and the color of PM deposited on filters varies over a wide range. It is argued that this effect is due to ash accumulation on the bottom of the burner pot and to its interaction with the primary air stream that flows over it.

scholarly journals Effect of Additives on Wood Pellet Physical and Thermal Characteristics: A Review

ISRN Forestry ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry Tarasov ◽  
Chander Shahi ◽  
Mathew Leitch
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Wood Pellets ◽  
Wood Pellet ◽  
Major Interest ◽  
The Right

Additives play a major role in wood pellet characteristics and are a subject of major interest as they act as binding agents for the biomass raw material. Past research has reported the use of lignosulphonate, dolomite, starches, potato flour and peel, and some motor and vegetable oils as additives for wood pellet production. This paper reviews the available research on the effect of different additives on wood pellets' physical and thermal characteristics. It was found that lignosulphonate and starch additives improve the mechanical durability but tend to reduce the calorific value of the wood pellets. Motor and vegetable oil additives increase the calorific value minimally but significantly increase carbon monoxide emissions. Corn starch and dolomite additives also significantly increase carbon monoxide emissions. In order to produce wood pellets with desired physical and thermal characteristics, a suitable additive with the right biomass material should be used.

scholarly journals Concentrations of Carbon Monoxide and Nitrogen Oxides From a 25 kW Boiler Supplied Periodically and Continuously with Wood Pellets

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Juszczak
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Nitrogen Oxides ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Heat Output ◽  
Wood Pellet ◽  
Feeding Mode ◽  
Fuel Mass ◽  
Fuel Supply ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The impact of the fuel feeding mode (continuous or periodic with different stand-by/operation time ratios) on carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxides (NO, NOx) concentration values in the flue gas was analysed for coniferous wood pellet firing. Experiments were performed in a 25 kW water boiler equipped with an over-fed wood pellet furnace located in a full scale heat station simulating real-life conditions. Influence of oxygen concentration and temperature in the combustion chamber on carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxide concentrations was presented in diagrams. Dust and hydrocarbon concentrations were also monitored. It was concluded that the commonly used periodic fuel supply does not necessarily cause a significant increase of carbon monoxide concentration, as compared to the continuous fuel feeding mode. Continuous fuel supply can even induce higher carbon monoxide concentrations when fuel mass stream is not chosen properly. Each time new fuel type is used in a specific furnace, one should perform experiments to determine the adequate settings (stand-by/operation time ratio, fuel mass streams, air stream) to obtain the optimal, lowest possible emission for a certain boiler heat output

scholarly journals Penanaman Kaliandra Sebagai Kayu Energi dan Hijauan Makanan Ternak Pada Pertanaman Agroforestri Masyarakat Desa Gerbosari, Samigaluh Kulon Progo

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eko Prasetyo ◽  
Wiyono Wiyono ◽  
Puji Lestari ◽  
Rochmat Hidayat ◽  
Hidayat Nur Oktalina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Service ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Wood Pellets ◽  
Wood Pellet ◽  
Energy Wood ◽  
Livestock Feed ◽  
The People ◽  
Grazing System ◽  
Grazing Systems

The purposes of community service entitled "Kaliandra Planting as Energy Wood and Forage Livestock Feed on Agroforestry Crops Gerbosari Village Community Samigaluh Kulon Progo" are 1). To provide additional knowledge of Kaliandra (Calliandracallothyrsus) utilisation other than HMT that is as a raw material of energy source and 2). To practice the technique of Kaliandra planting on agroforestry system in Gerbosari Village. The way cattle developed in Dusun Keceme is "cut and carry system" or grazing system. Grazing systems make farmers provide land for HMT planting either in the form of grass or tree leaves. Public dissemination and discussion with the community resulted in an agreement that the program is not only Kaliandra planting, but the utilisation of Kaliandra as an energy wood and wood pellet introduction is needed by Keceme Hamlet community. Methods of implementation of community service are through 4 stages in one unity of scheme. The methods are 1) program dissemination, 2) counselling, 3) practice of using a wood pellet stove and 4) planting. The community service program can provide an initial understanding of the community of Keceme Hamlet about the benefits of Kaliandra as an alternative to renewable energy that is in the form of wood pellets. The technique of agroforestry cultivation of Kaliandra has long been practised by the people of Keceme Hamlet that is on the edge of the terrace of the land.

scholarly journals Studying the recurrent diagrams of carbon monoxide concentration at early ignitions in premises

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (9 (93)) ◽  
pp. 34-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Pospelov ◽  
Vladimir Andronov ◽  
Evgenіy Rybka ◽  
Ruslan Meleshchenko ◽  
Pavlo Borodych
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Carbon Monoxide Concentration

Lung diffusing capacity: rebreathing method, applicability in nonuniform ventilation

1965 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. S⊘lvsteen
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Nonuniform Distribution ◽  
Diffusing Capacity ◽  
Carbon Monoxide Concentration ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Co Concentration ◽  
Concentration Changes ◽  
Rectilinear Section ◽  
Rebreathing Method

We have calculated how the carbon monoxide concentration changes when subjects with different distributions of ventilation and lung diffusing capacity (Dl) respire in a small bag. The curve [loge CO concentration in the bag] versus [time] will sooner or later appear as a straight line. Dl is calculated from the slope of the rectilinear section of the curve and from lung and bag volume. If the curve becomes rectilinear within the period considered, Dl is calculated too low. In some cases the curve will not be rectilinear until more than 45 sec have passed, but will appear to be rectilinear during the period from 30 to 45 sec. If such an experiment is discontinued when 45 sec (the usual duration of experiment) have passed, Dl can be calculated at too high, at correct, or at too low values. nonuniform distribution of lung diffusing capacity Submitted on February 18, 1964

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