scholarly journals Splanchnic Circulation in Small for Date Newborns

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Paulusova ◽  
L Stillova ◽  
K Haskova ◽  
K Matasova
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Superior Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Splanchnic Circulation ◽  
Flow Through

Abstract Hypotrophic newborn is a newborn with birth weight below the 5th percentile weight of corresponding gestational age. Hypotrophic infants have higher morbidity and mortality in comparison with eutrophic neonates. A higher incidence of hypoglycemia, polycythemia, hyperbilirubinemia, thrombocytopenia, perinatal asphyxia and caesarean section occurs typically in hypotrophic newborns. Both, intrauterine hemodynamic dysbalance and centralization of circulation due to hypotrophy cause decreased blood flow to the splanchnic circulation after the birth. There was observed a lower increase in blood flow through the coeliac artery and superior mesenteric artery in comparison with eutrophic newborns during the first postnatal week. These facts are likely to be associated with a higher frequency of abdominal problems and necrotizing enterocolitis.

Hemodynamic responses to glycols and to hemolysis

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 563-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith MacCannell
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Superior Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Renal Blood Flow ◽  
Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Artery Blood Flow ◽  
Passive Response ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Vascular Beds ◽  
Mesenteric Artery Blood Flow

Ethylene and propylene glycol both decrease renal blood flow in dogs while increasing flow through the superior mesenteric artery. The decrease in renal blood flow is not a passive response to dilatation of major vascular beds since it precedes the increment in superior mesenteric arterial flow and since it can be duplicated by direct injection of glycols into the renal artery. These rheological changes in response to glycols are at least partly due to hemolysis since intravenous injection of plasma from hemolyzed blood or of crystalline hemoglobin produces the same pattern of response, which is not blocked by phenoxybenzamine. However, the production of hemoglobinemia may not be the sole explanation for the vascular responses to the glycols, since a concentration of 2 %, which does not induce detectable hemolysis, still produces the characteristic increase in superior mesenteric artery blood flow.

scholarly journals Yogic agnisara increases blood flow in the superior mesenteric artery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rinad Minvaleev ◽  
Rinat Bogdanov ◽  
David Bahner ◽  
Alexander Levitov ◽  
Andrej Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Superior Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Anterior Abdominal Wall ◽  
Successful Performance ◽  
Digestive Function ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Adequate Blood Supply ◽  
Flow Through

Abstract Objectives Medieval yoga texts claim that a special exercise of the muscles of the anterior abdominal wall, called agnisara, improves digestive function. Main objective of the study was to demonstrate change in the blood flow through superior mesenteric artery (if any) after performance of agnisara. Design and subjects: Ultrasound examination of the linear and volumetric indicators of blood flow in the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) before and after performing the agnisara yoga exercise 100 times was carried out in 12 healthy volunteers of both sexes (8 of them women). Results A significant increase in the diameter of the SMA, peak systolic and diastolic velocities, and blood flow in the superior mesenteric artery after performing the agnisara exercise 100 times was found, which contrasts with the established data on a decrease in splanchnic blood flow in humans in response to normal physical activity. Conclusion Properly performed agnisara increases blood flow to the splanchnic region, registered by the SMA, which should contribute to adequate blood supply to the gastrointestinal tract for successful performance of digestive function.

Relationship of blood flow to pressure in the intestinal vascular bed of the dog

1962 ◽  
Vol 202 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Clinton Texter ◽  
Steven Merrill ◽  
Melvin Schwartz ◽  
Guido Van Derstappen ◽  
Francis J. Haddy
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Superior Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Vascular Bed ◽  
Local Mechanism ◽  
Small Vein ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Renal Vascular ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship of pressure in the superior mesenteric artery, mesenteric small artery, mesenteric small vein, and portal vein to the rate of blood flow in the superior mesenteric artery was studied in eight dogs. Total bed resistance to blood flow decreased as a function of flow over the range 20–60 ml/min but increased as a function of flow over the range 90–270 ml/min. The onset and cessation of the resistance increase were associated with pressures in the superior mesenteric artery of 64 and 205 mm Hg, respectively. These resistance changes resulted mainly from change of resistance to flow through vessels less than 0.5 mm diameter. The findings suggest that the intestinal vascular bed, like the renal vascular bed, has a local mechanism which antagonizes changes of flow rate produced by variation of arterial pressure.

scholarly journals The intensity of mesenterial blood flow and the degree of intestinal maturity in newborns at risk of necrotizing enterocolitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
T.K. Znamenska ◽  
O.V. Vorobiоva ◽  
A.A. Vlasov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Superior Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Vascular Resistance ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Premature Babies

Background. In recent years, the use of abdominal ultrasound for the diagnosis of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in newborns has spread. At the initial stages of the disease, intestinal wall thickness, echogenicity and perfusion increase due to intestinal inflammation and mucosal edema. With the progression of NEC, thinning of the intestinal wall, lack of perfusion and peristalsis prevail and warn of the risk of intestinal perforation. This is the evidence of the diagnostic advantage of ultrasound in assessing the progression of NEC. The article presents some results of our own experience of using abdominal ultrasound to diagnose NEC in premature babies. The purpose was to assess the degree of intestinal maturity and the relationship between Doppler indices of intestinal perfusion and vascular resistance in the superior mesenteric arterial bed in premature newborns on day 1–5 of life who are at risk of developing NEC. Materials and methods. The authors examined 34 randomly selected premature babies with low and very low body weight and gestational age from 28 to 36 weeks who were born to mothers with complications of pregnancy. Maximum systolic velocity, end-diastolic velocity, and mean blood flow velocity were assessed at ≥ 5 consecutive heartbeats. Based on these indicators, the pulse index was calculated. Results. After the study on days 1–5 of life the newborns were divided retrospectively into groups depending on clinical diagnoses at the end of the early neonatal period. Babies born with severe asphyxia, with high vascular resistance in the superior mesenteric artery on day 1–5 of life, as well as with a bowel wall thickness of less than 1.6 mm, have an increased risk of developing NEC. Conclusions. The revealed high vascular resistance in the superior mesenteric artery on day 1–5 of life in premature infants with very low body weight and with a high risk of developing NEC will help make correct clinical decisions on ma­nagement and treatment, including the initiation of enteral nutrition and expanding its volume.

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