Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of Patients Diagnosed with COVID-19 in a Tertiary Care Center in Mexico City: A Prospective Cohort Study

Parents are frequently cautioned by therapists, teachers, physicians, and online resources about potential negative effects of w-sitting in children (including hip dysplasia), despite lack of evidence. To examine relationships between w-sitting and hip dysplasia, a prospective cohort study was conducted of 104 patients (196 hips), aged 9.9 (standard deviation = 5.7) years, who underwent hip/pelvis radiography at a pediatric tertiary care center. Measures of hip dysplasia were taken from radiographs. Parents/patients completed a questionnaire regarding the patients’ sitting habits. Associations between hip dysplasia and w-sitting were analyzed statistically. About 48/104 parents/patients (46%) reported current or past w-sitting: 11/104 (11%) current, preferred position; 23/104 (22%) current, nonpreferred position, 14/104 (13%) w-sat in past, and 56/104 (54%) never w-sat. There was no difference in measures of hip dysplasia ( P > .12) or hip dysplasia frequency between w-sitters (9%) and non-w-sitters (10%; P = .81), or among w-sitting persistence groups ( P = .26). W-sitting in children is not associated with hip dysplasia.

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A prospective cohort study of predictors of upper extremity arteriovenous fistula maturation

The Journal of Vascular Access ◽

10.1177/1129729820907471 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (5) ◽

pp. 746-752

Author(s):

Aiza Waheed ◽

Agnes Masengu ◽

Tomas Skala ◽

Guiyun Li ◽

Jacek Jastrzebski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Arteriovenous Fistula ◽

Prospective Cohort Study ◽

Vascular Access ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Care Center ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Multivariable Analysis ◽

Nursing Assessment ◽

Arteriovenous Fistulas

Background: A substantial proportion of arteriovenous fistulas fail to function adequately for hemodialysis. Existing studies on arteriovenous fistula failure prediction assess patency rather than the more clinically relevant outcome of arteriovenous fistula function. We hypothesized that preoperative demographic and ultrasound characteristics, and postoperative assessment by an experienced vascular access nurse would predict which arteriovenous fistulas will not function adequately for hemodialysis. Methods: Prospective cohort study of chronic kidney disease patients at a tertiary care center in Vancouver, Canada, with arteriovenous fistula creation between 2009 and 2013. Pre and postoperative clinical assessment and ultrasound blood vessel mapping were performed by an experienced vascular access nurse. The primary outcome was failure to achieve a fistula used successfully for hemodialysis (FUSH). Results: Outcomes were assessed in 200 patients; 123 (61.5%) arteriovenous fistulas were radiocephalic. Overall, 26.5% of arteriovenous fistulas had FUSH failure (34.1% of lower arm vs 14.3% of upper arm, p = 0.002). Univariate predictors of FUSH failure included older age (p = 0.03), female sex (p = 0.05), smaller arterial diameter (p ⩽ 0.001), lower artery volume flow (p = 0.04), and smaller vein diameter (p = 0.01). In multivariable analysis, artery diameter (odds ratio: 0.44, 95% confidence interval: 0.28–0.68) most significantly predicted FUSH failure. Vascular access nurse assessment 6 weeks postoperatively correctly predicted outcome in 83.8% of FUSH and 65.0% of FUSH failure. Conclusion: Smaller artery diameter most strongly predicted FUSH failure. Early postoperative nursing assessment was more useful to predict FUSH than FUSH failure, and as such was insufficient in determining which arteriovenous fistulas should be abandoned as many predicted to fail could be salvaged with further intervention.

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Maternal COVID-19 infection, clinical characteristics, pregnancy and neonatal outcome: a prospective cohort study at a tertiary care center in Central India

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20212229 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 1633

Author(s):

Moushmi S. Parpillewar Tadas ◽

Prashanthi S. ◽

Mrunmayi Tankhiwale ◽

Monika Singh

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Prospective Cohort Study ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Neonatal Outcome ◽

Care Center ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Central India ◽

Family Welfare ◽

Global Public Health ◽

Severity Of Disease

Background: COVID-19 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 is a global public health emergency as declared by WHO. Currently how it affects pregnancy very little is known. To identify maternal and neonatal risks associated with COVID-19 in pregnancy and to describe outcome a prospective cohort study was done. Associations were evaluated for all COVID-19 patients and for disease classified as mild versus moderate/severe disease.Methods: In this study COVID RT-PCR positive women who were admitted from 1 May to 31 August were included. Cases were classified according to their severity, investigations done and treated according to MOHFW (ministry of health and family welfare), India guidelines. Data was collected, analysed in terms of maternal and neonatal outcome.Results: Total 221 COVID-19 cases were admitted and 181 delivered during study period. There were 215 (97.28%) mild, 5 (2.71%) moderate and 1 (0.45%) severe cases. 210 (95.02%) were diagnosed in third trimester. Mean gestational age was 36.79±5.24 weeks and 3 out of 4 in moderate/severe category delivered preterm. 132 (59.73%) were asymptomatic. There was 1 ICU admission and 1 maternal death. Mean birth weight was 2.7±0.59 kg. There were 7 stillbirths, 14 NICU admission and 1 neonatal death.Conclusions: Majority of the covid infected women are asymptomatic are in mild category and there is no adverse maternal and neonatal outcome due to disease. Adversity of maternal and neonatal outcome depends on severity of disease and severity of disease is dependent on presence of co-morbidities.

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