scholarly journals Common errors in the treatment of patients with malignant bone tumors

2021 ◽  
Vol 180 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
A. A. Kurilchik ◽  
V. E. Ivanov ◽  
A. L. Starodubtsev ◽  
A. L. Zubarev
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tumors ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Benign Neoplasm ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dynamic Relationship ◽  
Oncological Diseases ◽  
Precise Diagnosis ◽  
Oncological Centers

This study was aimed to analyze the most common diagnostic and therapeutic errors in orthopaedic oncological diseases. Bone tumors usually do not have characteristic symptoms, especially in the early stages of disease development. Therefore, they can often mimic benign tumors and non-tumor diseases. Careful history taking, detailed clinical and X-ray examinations in a timely manner are essential diagnostic tools for patients with bone sarcomas. Moreover, a correct analysis of clinical and radiological findings with regard to the dynamic relationship between them can help make more accurate diagnosis at the first doctor’s visit. Subsequent X-ray examinations performed in oncological centers using special methods such as spiral CТ, MRI, PET/CT with mandatory morphological verification of the diagnosis enable us to make a more precise diagnosis and to provide an objective assessment of pathological processes. The most common diagnostic and therapeutic errors that occur in orthopaedic oncological diseases were analyzed. In 35 % of cases, diagnostic or tactical errors were made by general practitioners. In 15 % of cases, the errors were associated with a latent course of disease and 12 % of cases were wrongly diagnosed as a benign neoplasm.

Use of «LitAr» Material for Substitution of Fingers and Forearm Bone Defects

2004 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-57
Author(s):  
A F Krasnov ◽  
S D Litvinov ◽  
M D Tseytlin ◽  
A V Kapishnikov ◽  
A F Krasnov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Defect ◽  
Plastic Material ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
A Posteriori ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Forearm Bone ◽  
Bone Structures

Plastic hydroxyapatite collagenic material «LitAr» was used for the treatment of wrist and fingers bone defects in 23 patients. In 11 patients the defects resulted from degenerative dystrophic lesions and benign tumors, in 12 patients - posttraumatic genesis. Biotransformation of plastic material was controlled by X-ray and objective assessment was performed using computer analysis of X-ray films a posteriori. It was detected that lysis of composite «LitAr» took place within twenty days followed by substitution bone defect with newly formed bone structures. Newly formed bone met functional requirements of wrist and fingers.

An adrenocortical oncocytoma with unusual mitochondrial inclusions and cytoplasmic crystals

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 250-251
Author(s):  
W.T. Gunning ◽  
G.D. Haselhuhn ◽  
E.R. Phillips ◽  
S.H. Selman
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Mitotic Activity ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Vascular Invasion ◽  
Benign Neoplasm ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Nuclear Morphology ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Microscopic Evidence

Within the last few years, adrenal cortical tumors with features concordant with the diagnostic criteria attributed to oncocytomas have been reported. To date, only nine reported cases exist in the literature. This report is the tenth case presentation of a presumptively benign neoplasm of the adrenal gland with a rare differentiation. Oncocytomas are well recognized benign tumors of the thyroid, parathyroid, and salivary glands and of the kidney. Other organs also give rise to these types of tumors, however with less frequency than the former sites. The characteristics generally used to classify a tumor as an oncocytoma include the following criteria: the tumor is 1) usually a solitary circumscribed mass with no gross nor microscopic evidence of metastasis (no tissue nor vascular invasion), 2) fairly bland in terms of mitotic activity and nuclear morphology, and 3) composed of large eosinophillic cells in which the cytoplasm is packed full of mitochondria (Figure 1).

scholarly journals Digital Lesions in Dogs: A Statistical Breed Analysis of 2912 Cases

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
Julia Maria Grassinger ◽  
Andreas Floren ◽  
Tobias Müller ◽  
Argiñe Cerezo-Echevarria ◽  
Christoph Beitzinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tumors ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Routine Diagnostics ◽  
Mast Cell Tumors ◽  
Neoplastic Processes ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Tumor Like Lesions ◽  
Labrador Retrievers

Breed predispositions to canine digital neoplasms are well known. However, there is currently no statistical analysis identifying the least affected breeds. To this end, 2912 canine amputated digits submitted from 2014–2019 to the Laboklin GmbH & Co. KG for routine diagnostics were statistically analyzed. The study population consisted of 155 different breeds (most common: 634 Mongrels, 411 Schnauzers, 197 Labrador Retrievers, 93 Golden Retrievers). Non-neoplastic processes were present in 1246 (43%), tumor-like lesions in 138 (5%), and neoplasms in 1528 cases (52%). Benign tumors (n = 335) were characterized by 217 subungual keratoacanthomas, 36 histiocytomas, 35 plasmacytomas, 16 papillomas, 12 melanocytomas, 9 sebaceous gland tumors, 6 lipomas, and 4 bone tumors. Malignant neoplasms (n = 1193) included 758 squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), 196 malignant melanomas (MM), 76 soft tissue sarcomas, 52 mast cell tumors, 37 non-specified sarcomas, 29 anaplastic neoplasms, 24 carcinomas, 20 bone tumors, and 1 histiocytic sarcoma. Predisposed breeds for SCC included the Schnauzer (log OR = 2.61), Briard (log OR = 1.78), Rottweiler (log OR = 1.54), Poodle (log OR = 1.40), and Dachshund (log OR = 1.30). Jack Russell Terriers (log OR = −2.95) were significantly less affected by SCC than Mongrels. Acral MM were significantly more frequent in Rottweilers (log OR = 1.88) and Labrador Retrievers (log OR = 1.09). In contrast, Dachshunds (log OR = −2.17), Jack Russell Terriers (log OR = −1.88), and Rhodesian Ridgebacks (log OR = −1.88) were rarely affected. This contrasted with the well-known predisposition of Dachshunds and Rhodesian Ridgebacks to oral and cutaneous melanocytic neoplasms. Further studies are needed to explain the underlying reasons for breed predisposition or “resistance” to the development of specific acral tumors and/or other sites.

Sear. Diagnosis of bone tumors. (Brit. Med. J. 1936, 3914, 49-53)

1937 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-507
Author(s):  
B. Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tumors ◽  
X Ray

One of the tools for diagnosing bone tumors is X-ray examination.

scholarly journals KPNA2 expression is a potential marker for differential diagnosis between osteosarcomas and other malignant bone tumor mimickers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucen Jiang ◽  
Jianghuan Liu ◽  
Qingzhu Wei ◽  
Yiyang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tumor ◽  
Bone Tumors ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Malignant Bone Tumor ◽  
Malignant Bone Tumors ◽  
Potential Marker ◽  
Tumors Of Bone ◽  
Bone Sarcomas ◽  
Malignant And Benign Tumors

Abstract Background Karyopherin α 2 (KPNA2), a member of the Karyopherin α family, has been observed in several cancers but lack substantial investigation in malignant bone tumors. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate KPNA2 expression level and its utility as a novel diagnostic biomarker in osteosarcomas and their malignant bone tumor mimickers, such as chondrosarcomas and Ewing sarcomas.Method We investigated the expression of KPNA2 protein by immunohistochemistry on paraffin embedded surgical specimens from 217 patients with malignant and benign tumors of bone, including 81 osteosarcomas, 42 chondrosarcomas, 9 Ewing sarcomas, 28 osteoid osteoma, 20 osteochondroma and 37 Chondroblastoma. Immunoreactivity was scored semi quantitatively based on stain extent and intensity.Results Seventy one of 81 (87.7%) osteosarcomas, zero of 42 (0%) chondrosarcomas and one of 9 (11.1%) Ewing sarcomas showed immunoreactivity for KPNA2. Negative KPNA2 expression was observed in all of benign bone tumors. Much more positive expression of KPNA2 was found in osteosarcomas as compared with chondrosarcomas and Ewing sarcomas. The sensitivity and specificity of KPNA2 immuno-expression for osteosarcoma was 87.7% and 100%, respectively. In several subtypes of osteosarcomas, immunohistochemical expression of KNA2 was more frequent in osteoblastic (94.5%), with 39 (70.9%) showing strong-intensity staining. KPNA2 positivity was observed in eleven of 13 (84.6%) chondroblastic, three of 6 (50%) fibroblastic, three of 4 (75%) telangiectatic and two of 3 (66.7%) giant cell-rich osteosarcoma. Stronger-intensity staining was observed in osteoblastic osteosarcoma.Conclusion KPNA2 is most frequently expressed in osteosarcomas, particularly in osteoblastic and chondroblastic tumors, but is rarely positive in chondrosarcomas and Ewing sarcomas. This feature may have diagnostic value since it is very useful for distinguishing between osteosarcomas and other bone sarcomas mimickers. This report supports KPNA2 as a novel marker for the diagnosis of osteosarcoma.

scholarly journals The Single Particles, Clusters and Biomolecules and Serial Femtosecond Crystallography instrument of the European XFEL: initial installation

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 660-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian P. Mancuso ◽  
Andrew Aquila ◽  
Lewis Batchelor ◽  
Richard J. Bean ◽  
Johan Bielecki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structure Determination ◽  
High Repetition Rate ◽  
Optical Systems ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Single Particles ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Data Rates ◽  
Serial Crystallography ◽  
Serial Femtosecond Crystallography

The European X-ray Free-Electron Laser (FEL) became the first operational high-repetition-rate hard X-ray FEL with first lasing in May 2017. Biological structure determination has already benefitted from the unique properties and capabilities of X-ray FELs, predominantly through the development and application of serial crystallography. The possibility of now performing such experiments at data rates more than an order of magnitude greater than previous X-ray FELs enables not only a higher rate of discovery but also new classes of experiments previously not feasible at lower data rates. One example is time-resolved experiments requiring a higher number of time steps for interpretation, or structure determination from samples with low hit rates in conventional X-ray FEL serial crystallography. Following first lasing at the European XFEL, initial commissioning and operation occurred at two scientific instruments, one of which is the Single Particles, Clusters and Biomolecules and Serial Femtosecond Crystallography (SPB/SFX) instrument. This instrument provides a photon energy range, focal spot sizes and diagnostic tools necessary for structure determination of biological specimens. The instrumentation explicitly addresses serial crystallography and the developing single particle imaging method as well as other forward-scattering and diffraction techniques. This paper describes the major science cases of SPB/SFX and its initial instrumentation – in particular its optical systems, available sample delivery methods, 2D detectors, supporting optical laser systems and key diagnostic components. The present capabilities of the instrument will be reviewed and a brief outlook of its future capabilities is also described.

IDIOPATHIC CONDYLAR RESORPTION-A REVIEW

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-25
Author(s):  
Devyani Sangai ◽  
Sujoy Banerjee ◽  
Usha Shenoy
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Proper Treatment ◽  
Skeletal Changes ◽  
Precise Diagnosis

Idiopathic condylar resorption (ICR) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a condition that is often esthetically and functionally altering, characterized by progressive resorption of the TMJ condylar heads, without a known cause. Studies suggest that patients with ICR remain undiagnosed and unrecognized in the orthodontic clinic owing to the poorly understood etiology of the disease and lack of diagnostic tools. ICR often causes occlusal and skeletal changes, TMJ dysfunction and pain, and maxillofacial deformities. Therefore, precise diagnosis of the disease and proper treatment plan is essential.

scholarly journals Automatic segmentation of chondroblastoma from X-ray images using active contour and levelset method

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.21) ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
P Y. Muhammed Anshad ◽  
Dr S.S. Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tumor ◽  
Active Contour ◽  
Automatic Segmentation ◽  
Diagnostic Errors ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
Chondromyxoid Fibroma ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Surgical Methods ◽  
Computer Aided

Chondroblastoma is a benign but locally aggressive bone tumor found usually in the age below 25 years. Chondroblastoma is a destructive type of lesion with a thin radio dense border which is normally seen in the epiphysis of long bones. The benign tumors have similarities in pathology and could be related with histogenic similarity. This tumor reduces the strength of affected bone and may leads to death if not treated early. Chondroblastoma can be diagnosed from X-ray/CT/MRI images and the treatment is its removal by surgical methods. Diagnosis of Chondroblastoma is difficult due to the similarities with other benign tumors like chondromyxoid fibroma. To reduce diagnostic errors, computer aided methods can adopt. This work focuses on automatic segmentation of Chondroblastoma using active contour and level set method which gives better segmentation results and a mild stone to CAD design. 

Towards Acoustic Vibration as a Diagnostic Tool for Spinal Fractures

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wafa Tawackoli ◽  
Allen Burton ◽  
Larry Rhines ◽  
Ehud Mendel ◽  
Michael Liebschner
Keyword(s):  
Ultimate Load ◽  
Spinal Fractures ◽  
Acoustic Vibration ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Promising Technique ◽  
Vertebral Height ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Vertebral Body Fractures ◽  
Shape Changes

The diagnostic tools for clinicians to detect vertebral body fractures are limited to radiation technologies1, such as X-ray and CT. The objective is to identify shape changes that reflect bone tissue failure. Because this method is subjective, only crude changes of 15% and more in vertebral height can be detected2. From in-vitro laboratory experiments it is know that the ultimate load is reached at deformations much less than 5%, and is generally detected before any shape changes are visible in radiographic images3. Acoustic vibration is a promising technique to detect changes in material integrity and quality. The overall goal of this study was to investigate the use of acoustic vibration to detect spinal fractures.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document