scholarly journals ANALISIS PENGARUH METODE PERBAIKAN TANAH VACUUM PRELOADING TERHADAP STRUKTUR ABUTMENT DI SEKITARNYA

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 641
Author(s):  
Steven Djunawan ◽  
Andryan Suhendra
Keyword(s):  
Soft Soil ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Lateral Movement ◽  
Vacuum Preloading ◽  
Consolidation Process ◽  
Distance Analysis ◽  
Vertical Drain ◽  
Prefabricated Vertical Drain ◽  
Long Time

Soft soil in Indonesia is problematic in infrastructure development because of its low bearing capacity and takes a long time to consolidate. In general, the method used to overcome soft soil is vacuum preloading combined with prefabricated vertical drain, PVD. The purpose of the initial loading is to consolidate the soft soil layer with a load equal to or greater than the soil load during and after construction. Meanwhile, vertical can support the consolidation process. However, this method can also cause lateral movement which also affects the area outside the repair. Thus, it is necessary to model the influence distance analysis from the circumference of the repair area outside the repair. Analysis and modeling using 2D finite program elements that will be compared with results in field. The results of the comparison of the settlement for 260 days shows a different chart pattern but a corresponding final settlement. The modeling shows that the largest influence distance due to the lateral movement is cell 2, which is 11,23mTanah lunak di Indonesia menjadi problematika pada pembangunan infrastruktur dikarenakan daya dukung yang rendah serta memakan waktu penurunan konsolidasi yang lama. Pada umumnya, perbaikan tanah yang digunakan untuk mengatasi tanah lunak adalah vacuum preloading yang dikombinasikan dengan prefabricated vertical drain, PVD. Tujuan pembebanan awal adalah untuk mengkonsolidasikan lapisan tanah lunak dengan beban sama atau lebih besar dari beban tanah selama dan setelah konstruksi. Sementara drainase vertikal dapat mempercepat proses konsolidasi. Namun, metode ini juga dapat penyebabkan pergerakan lateral yang juga mempengaruhi area diluar perbaikan. Sehingga, dibutuhkan pemodelan analisis jarak pengaruh dari keliling daerah perbaikan ke daerah luar perbaikan. Analisis dan pemodelan menggunakan program elemen hingga 2D yang akan dibandingkan dengan hasil lapangan. Hasil perbandingan penurunan selama 260 hari menunjukan pola grafik yang berbeda namun penurunan akhir yang sesuai. Pemodelan menunjukan jarak pengaruh terbesar akibat pergerakan lateral berada pada cell 2 yaitu 11,23m.

scholarly journals ANALISIS DERAJAT KONSOLIDASI BERDASARKAN HASIL PEMBACAAN PIEZOMETER PADA PROYEK TOL TRANS SUMATERA

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 447
Author(s):  
Aditya Christiandi Sinulingga ◽  
Andryan Suhendra
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Soft Soil ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Vacuum Preloading ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Toll Road ◽  
Vertical Drain ◽  
Prefabricated Vertical Drain ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Degree Of Consolidation

The development of toll road or expressway infrastructure in Indonesia is urgently needed because it can reduce inefficiencies due to congestion on main sections, as well as to improve the process of distribution of goods and services, especially in areas with high levels of development. Transportation infrastructure development on soft soils often experiences consolidation decline problems. Soft soil has a high moisture content and low bearing capacity. If the soft soil is saturated with water, it means that the water cannot be fully dissipated, causing the soil to take a long time to consolidate. If the construction work does not begin with land improvement, the construction has the potential to suffer damage before the planned age. To anticipate this, an alternative that can be done is to repair the soil with prefabricated vertical drain (PVD) and vacuum preloading. This study aims to determine the degree of consolidation based on the piezometer reading and to make initial predictions. As for the results of this study there is a difference of 5.79% in the degree of assessment from the results of theoretical calculations with the piezometer reading.Pembangunan infrastruktur jalan tol atau jalan bebas hambatan di Indonesia sangat dibutuhkan karena dapat mengurangi inefisiensi akibat kemacetan pada ruas utama, serta untuk meningkatkan proses distribusi barang dan jasa terutama di wilayah yang sudah tinggi tingkat perkembangannya. Pembangunan infrastruktur transportasi pada tanah lunak sering mengalami masalah penurunan konsolidasi. Tanah lunak memiliki kadar air yang tinggi dan daya dukung yang rendah. Jika tanah lunak jenuh air mengakibatkan air tidak dapat terdispasi secara penuh menyebabkan tanah membutuhkan waktu yang lama untuk terkonsolidasi. Apabila pekerjaan konstruksi tidak diawali dengan perbaikan tanah maka konstruksi tersebut berpotensi mengalami kerusakan sebelum umur yang telah direncanakan. Untuk mengantisipasi hal tersebut alternatif yang dapat dilakukan adalah melakukan perbaikan tanah dengan prefabricated vertical drain (PVD) dan vacuum preloading. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besar derajat konsolidasi berdasarkan pembacaan piezometer serta melakukan prediksi awal. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini terdapat perbedaan 5,79% derajat konsolidasi dari hasil perhitungan teoritis dengan pembacaan piezometer.

scholarly journals Analisis Alternatif Perbaikan Tanah Lunak dan Sangat Lunak pada Jalan Tol

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1137
Author(s):  
Christian Eka Putra ◽  
Chaidir Anwar Makarim
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Soft Soil ◽  
Soft Clay ◽  
Soil Improvement ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Vacuum Preloading ◽  
Consolidation Process ◽  
Toll Road ◽  
Vertical Drain ◽  
Prefabricated Vertical Drain

The existence of soft soil is one of the problems in the field of construction. Soft soil is soil that has high water content and low carrying capacity. In the case of this toll road, soil investigation at the site shows that the subgrade in the toll road planning is soft clay soil to a depth of 32 meters so that soil improvement is needed. High landfill built on soft subgrade without reinforcement will experience landslides. So it is necessary to strengthen the landfill and repair the subgrade to prevent road slides. The soil improvement methods in use are vacuum preloading and Prefabricated Vertical Drain with the vacuum functioning as an additional load. In addition to accelerating the consolidation process, the vacuum can also reduce the height of the embankment needed to achieve the desired planned road elevation. Strengthening with geotextile is also carried out on the landfill with a height of 5.94 meters so that there is no landslide on the fill. Using soil improvement methods such as vacuum preloading and prefabricated vertical drain will increase the bearing capacity of the soil so that differences in bearing capacity occur before and after repair. AbstrakKeberadaan tanah lunak menjadi salah satu masalah dalam bidang konstruksi. Tanah lunak adalah tanah yang memiliki kadar air yang tinggi dan daya dukung yang rendah. Pada kasus jalan tol ini, penyelidikan tanah di lokasi menunjukan bahwa tanah dasar pada perencanaan jalan tol merupakan tanah lempung lunak hingga kedalaman 32 meter sehingga dibutuhkan perbaikan tanah dasar. Timbunan tinggi yang dibangun di atas tanah dasar lunak tanpa perkuatan akan mengalami kelongsoran. Sehingga diperlukan perkuatan timbunan dan perbaikan tanah dasar untuk mencegah kelongsoran jalan. Metode perbaikan tanah yang digunakan adalah vacuum preloading dan Prefabricated Vertical Drain dengan vacuum berfungsi sebagai beban tambahan. Selain mempercepat proses penurunan, vacuum juga dapat mengurangi tinggi timbunan yang dibutuhkan untuk mencapai elevasi jalan rencana yang diinginkan. Perkuatan dengan geotextile juga dilakukan pada timbunan dengan tinggi yang mencapai 5.94 meter supaya tidak terjadi kelongsoran pada timbunan tersebut. Dengan menggunakan metode perbaikan tanah berupa vacuum preloading dan prefabricated vertical drain akan meningkatkan daya dukung tanah sehingga akan diketahui perbedaan daya dukung yang terjadi sebelum dan sesudah diperbaiki.

scholarly journals Numerical Modelling of Prefabricated Vertical Drain for Soft Clay Using ABAQUS

2015 ◽  
Vol 773-774 ◽  
pp. 1502-1507
Author(s):  
Saiful Azhar Ahmad Tajudin ◽  
Mohd Fairus Yusof ◽  
I. Bakar ◽  
Aminaton Marto ◽  
Muhammad Nizam Zakaria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pore Water Pressure ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Soft Soil ◽  
Soft Clay ◽  
Elastic Model ◽  
Clay Layer ◽  
Soil Consolidation ◽  
Consolidation Process ◽  
Vertical Drain ◽  
Prefabricated Vertical Drain

Construction, buildings and infrastructure founded on soft clays are often affected by settlement problem. Therefore, Prefabricated Vertical Drain (PVD) is one of the best solutions to accelerate soil consolidation by shortening the drainage path. In this study, numerical investigation was carried out to pursue a better understanding of the consolidation behavior of soft clay improved with PVD. The consolidation process accelerated by PVD with surcharge of 50 kPa was analysed using the ABAQUS software by adopting an elastic model. The aim of this study is to compare the settlement and the required time to fully consolidate the soft soil at different drain spacings (1.0 m, 1.5 m and 2.0 m) for two different thickness of the clay layer. The results shows that the time required to completely consolidate the soft soil for 12 m and 20 m thickness of clay layer with different spacings are in the range of 3 months to 66 months. The settlement rate and excess pore water pressure dissipation are increased when the spacing of the drain closer.

scholarly journals PENGARUH JARAK DAN POLA PREFABRICATED VERTICAL DRAIN (PVD) PADA PERBAIKAN TANAH LEMPUNG LUNAK = EFFECT OF DISTANCE AND PATTERN OF PREFABRICATED VERTICAL DRAIN FOR IMPROVEMENT OF SOFT CLAY SOIL

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
Wimpie Agoeng Noegroho Aspara ◽  
Eka Nur Fitriani
Keyword(s):  
Clay Soil ◽  
Soft Soil ◽  
Soft Clay ◽  
Analytical Calculation ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Coefficient Of Consolidation ◽  
Consolidation Process ◽  
Foundation Soil ◽  
Vertical Drain ◽  
Prefabricated Vertical Drain

AbstractIf a structure for reasons of technical, economic, social, or startegic is to be built on a soft ground, then there are usually two problems to be solved, namely the low geotechnical bearing capacity and large soil deformation with sometimes differential settlement. Pre-compression is a foundation soil compression process with the provision of temporary loading (preloading) before actually constructing a building. Pre-fabricated vertical drain is a synthetic drainage system installed vertically inside soft soil layers. Soil condition at the project activity is a relatively very soft clay soil with relatively high coefficient of consolidation resulting in very long period of consolidation process. Therefore, it is needed advance soil improvement by prealoding of pre-fabricated vertical drain. Spacings of installed PVD vary, those are 50 cm, 100 cm, 150 cm, and 200 cm with a pattern of triangles and rectangles. Based on the analytical calculation, it is resulted that optimum PVD distance to achieve 90% consolidation is 150 cm with a triangular pattern. The time of consolidation was achieved within four months. AbstrakKetika suatu struktur karena alasan-alasan teknis, ekonomi, sosial, atau strategis terpaksa didirikan di atas tanah lunak, maka biasanya ada dua masalah geoteknik yang harus dipecahkan yaitu daya dukung yang rendah dan penurunan serta beda penurunan yang besar. Prakompresi adalah suatu proses pemampatan tanah pondasi dengan jalan pemberian pembebanan sementara (prabeban/preloading) sebelum konstruksi yang sesungguhnya didirikan. Prefabricated vertical drain (PVD) adalah sistem drainase buatan yang dipasang vertikal di dalam lapisan tanah lunak. Kondisi tanah di lokasi kegiatan relatif sangat lunak dengan koefisien konsolidasi relatif sangat tinggi mengakibatkan proses konsolidasi berjalan relatif sangat lama. Untuk itu diperlukan perbaikan tanah terlebih dahulu dengan prealoading menggunakan PVD. Jarak spasi antar PVD yang dipasang bervaiasi yaitu 50 cm, 100 cm, 150 cm, dan 200 cm dengan pola konfigurasi segitiga dan segiempat. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan secara analitis didapatkan jarak optimum PVD untuk mencapai konsolidasi 90% adalah 150 cm dengan pola segitiga dengan proses konsolidasi dicapai selama waktu penurunan 4 bulan.

Analysis of the Smear Zone Effect due to PVD Installation on the Embankment Consolidation Process with 2D and 3D Plaxis

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-149
Author(s):  
Titi Titi Hayati ◽  
Roesyanto Roesyanto ◽  
Rudi Iskandar
Keyword(s):  
Process Analysis ◽  
Soft Soil ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Consolidation Process ◽  
Vertical Drain ◽  
Vertical Drainage ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
2D And 3D

The method of preloading and vertical drainage is one of the popular methods used to increase shear strength of soft soil. Initial loading is carried out with the aim of consolidating the soil layer with a large or equal load greater than the load that will be carried by the ground both during and after construction. While vertical drainage can speed up the evaluation process. The development of a vertical drainage system is the use of PVD (Prefebricate Vertical Drain). PVD is installed to drain the air that is dissipated in the preparation process. Analysis to compare the settlement that occurred in the Reklamasi Peti Kemas Belawan Fase II project with modeling on Plaxis 2D and 3D with and without using the smear zone effect. From the analysis, the settlement that occurred on consolidation process with Plaxis 2D modeling with and without the effect of the smear zone effect was 2,288 meters and 1,922 meters while the 3D Plaxis modeling obtained 2,077 meters for analysis without changing the effect of the smear zone and 1,930 meters for analysis with calculate the effect of the smear zone.

scholarly journals Numerical Investigating on Representativeness of Tracers in PIV Model Test of Dredged Slurry Treated by Vacuum Preloading

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (20) ◽  
pp. 9715
Author(s):  
Jiahao Wang ◽  
Zunan Fu ◽  
Yanming Yu ◽  
Guoshuai Wang ◽  
Li Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Column ◽  
Carbon Powder ◽  
Vacuum Preloading ◽  
Particle Image Velocimetry Technique ◽  
Consolidation Process ◽  
Railway Line ◽  
Image Velocimetry ◽  
Prefabricated Vertical Drain ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cfd Method

The vacuum preloading method is commonly adopted for improving the soft ground that the embankment of the railway line is laid on. The PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) technique is a powerful tool in observing the formation of the soil column, a phenomenon that is unique to the dredged slurry when treated by vacuum preloading. However, it is not clear to what extent the motions of the slurry particles can be represented by the PIV tracers. In this paper, a mesoscopic model has been established by using the CFD-DEM method to reproduce the vacuum consolidation process of the slurry, in which the PVD (Prefabricated Vertical Drain) membrane, the slurry particles, and the tracers are described by the DEM, and the pore water is governed by the CFD method. Eight computational cases that can cover a broad range of material parameters governing the PIV model tests on the dredged slurry have been designed and studied by the established model. The representativeness of the PIV tracer is evaluated by comparing the statistic displacement of the tracer to that of the slurry particles. It is found that for the commonly used tracer, the carbon powder, can reliably represent the particle motions of the slurry since the difference in displacements of the tracer and the slurry particles is smaller than 6.5% if the diameter ratio between the tracer and the slurry particle is within 1.8.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PENGGUNAAN PREFABRICATED VERTICAL DRAINS (PVD) PADA TANAH LEMPUNG LUNAK YANG TERDAPAT LAPISAN LENSA

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Andreyan Prasetio ◽  
Aniek Prihatiningsih
Keyword(s):  
Soft Soil ◽  
Soil Improvement ◽  
Cohesive Soils ◽  
Consolidation Process ◽  
Prefabricated Vertical Drains ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Vertical Drains ◽  
Vertical Drain ◽  
Installation Depth ◽  
Consolidation Time

Problem that often occurs in soft cohesive soils is settlement caused by consolidation process. If  construction activities doing when the soils has not been consolidated, settlement can occur. To accelerate  the consolidation process, soil improvement are usually do, one method of soil improvement to accelarate the consolidation process is vertical drain using prefabricated vertical drains (PVD). The soft soil layers in the field are not always continuous, sometimes found soft soil layers that have a lens layer. In this study, will discuss about the settlement and consolidation time of soft  soil layers that have a lens layer which has been improved by PVD with 1 meter distance. Infrastructure that stand on a location that is installed by PVD is taxiway and loading by Airbus A380 aircraft of 18,22ton/m2. Analysis using the 1 dimensional consolidation theory of Terzaghi. For PVD installation to a depth of 50 meters, preloading settlement of 234,80 cm with a consolidation time of  2260 days for the square pattern PVD and 1918 days for triangle pattern PVD. Post loading settlement for PVD installation depth of 50 meters by 2,50 cm. AbstrakMasalah yang sering terjadi pada tanah kohesif dan lunak adalah penurunan yang disebabkan proses konsolidasi. Penurunan dapat menyebabkan keretakan pada struktur konstruksi yang berada di atasnya. Jika suatu kegiatan konstruksi dilakukan saat tanah belum terkonsolidasi, maka konstruksi tersebut dapat mengalami penurunan.. Untuk mempercepat proses konsolidasi biasanya dilakukan perbaikan tanah, salah satu metode perbaikan tanah untuk mempercepat proses konsolidasi yaitu vertical drain dengan menggunakan prefabricated vertical drains (PVD). Lapisan tanah lunak yang terdapat di lapangan tidak selalu kontinu, terkadang ditemukan lapisan tanah lunak yang terdapat lapisan lensa. Pada penelitian ini, penulis akan membahas mengenai waktu konsolidasi yang dibutuhkan oleh lapisan tanah kohesif dan lunak yang terdapat lapisan lensa yang telah diperbaiki dengan menggunakan PVD berjarak 1 meter. Infrastruktur yang berdiri di atas lokasi yang dipasang PVD berupa taxiway dengan beban berupa pesawat Airbus A380 sebesar 18,22 ton/m2. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan teori konsolidasi 1 dimensi Terzaghi. Untuk pemasangan PVD hingga kedalaman 50 meter diperoleh penurunan pra pembebanan sebesar 234,80 cm dengan waktu konsolidasi selama 2260 hari untuk pemasangan PVD pola persegi dan selama 1918 hari untuk pola segitiga . Penurunan pasca pembebanan untuk pemasangan PVD hingga kedalaman 50 meter sebesar 2,5 cm.

scholarly journals Design Method and Verification of Electroosmosis-Vacuum Preloading Method for Sand-Interlayered Soft Foundation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yunliang Cui ◽  
Jianbo Tu ◽  
Xinquan Wang ◽  
Hongguo Diao ◽  
Qianru Ge
Keyword(s):  
Design Method ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Electrical Circuit ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Vacuum Preloading ◽  
Foundation Treatment ◽  
Vertical Drain ◽  
Soft Foundation ◽  
Prefabricated Vertical Drain ◽  
Preloading Method

The design method of electroosmosis-vacuum preloading for soft foundation treatment is not systematic and complete, thereby restricting the application of the technology in engineering. A design method for the electroosmosis-vacuum preloading treatment of sand-interlayered soft foundation is therefore presented. A compressible electrical prefabricated vertical drain is developed, and a vacuum sealing and draining system is designed for the application of the electroosmosis-vacuum preloading in sand-interlayered soft foundation. Calculation formulas of site resistance considering the interlayer and interface resistivity of the electrode are established to design the power supply and electrical circuit. A simple numerical simulation method is proposed to predict the ground settlement treated by electroosmosis-vacuum preloading. A field test of electroosmosis-vacuum preloading is designed using the suggested method, and comparison tests between the electroosmosis-vacuum preloading and the vacuum preloading are performed to verify the proposed technique. The test results show that the proposed design method is reasonable for the design of electroosmosis-vacuum preloading in engineering.

scholarly journals New approach of vacuum preloading with booster prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs) to improve deep marine clay strata

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (10) ◽  
pp. 1359-1371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanqiang Cai ◽  
Zhiwei Xie ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
Xueyu Geng
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Displacement ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Ground Improvement ◽  
Soft Soil ◽  
Marine Clay ◽  
Vacuum Preloading ◽  
Prefabricated Vertical Drains ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Prefabricated Vertical Drain

This paper presented a new approach for ground improvement of deep marine clay in which the conventional booster tube in the current air booster vacuum preloading technology was replaced by a booster prefabricated vertical drain (PVD). In comparison to the ordinary PVD, the booster PVD could provide inflow channels for the compressed air when the booster pump was in operation. To examine the performance of this new air booster vacuum preloading technology, in situ field tests were conducted at Oufei sluice project in Wenzhou, China, where the thickness of the soft soil layers (i.e., marine clay) was more than 20 m. An extensive monitoring system was implemented to measure the vacuum pressure, pore-water pressure, settlement, and lateral displacement at this reclamation site. With the collected field monitoring data, a comprehensive data analysis was carried out to evaluate the extent of ground improvement. The study results depicted that this new air booster vacuum preloading technology was more effective for the ground improvement of the deep marine clay layers, in comparison to the conventional vacuum preloading technology.

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