MEREDEFINISI KAMPUNG: PARADIGMA BARU PERENCANAAN KOTA DALAM MEWUJUDKAN KOTA YANG LEBIH BAIK

Author(s):  
Maria Iqnasia Karen ◽  
Dewi Ratnaningrum ◽  
Maria Veronica Gandha

The rapid growth of the urban population on limited land pushes the city to grow vertically. Vertical development is clearly very helpful in overcoming the problem of high density, yet the existing module for vertical existence has produced an urban landscape of formal and monotonous that pushes the population to become socially disconnected. This paper aims to propose a new typology of a vertical dwelling in densely populated settlements in Urban Kampoong through a strategy of redevelopment, based on the form of community interaction and characteristics of urban village known as Kampung, in Tambora, West Jakarta. At some point, urban village has presented a new concept of urban development which is compact city, in terms of density, land efficiency with mixed land use pattern, and complex-dynamic social systems, that ensure the sustainability of the kampung and creates a livable community. Furthermore, within the framework of the "urban village", interaction between inhabitants relatively intense, and people feel a strong “sense of belonging” to their home. Urban Kampung can be the start of a new paradigm of urban planning towards a better city. The understanding of the Kampung itself refers to two methods of design, perception of space and locality.Keywords: vertical dwelling; social interaction; urban kampung AbstrakPertumbuhan pesat populasi perkotaan pada lahan yang terbatas mendorong kota tumbuh secara vertikal. Pembangunan secara vertikal jelas sangat membantu mengurangi masalah keterbatasan lahan dan kepadatan, namun model hunian vertikal yang ada malah menciptakan lanskap perkotaan dengan bentuk massa yang formal dan kaku. Hal ini berdampak pada hilangnya interaksi sosial dan kebersamaan penghuninya. Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah mengusulkan tipologi baru hunian vertikal sebagai solusi bermukim pada permukiman padat di kampung kota melalui sebuah strategi redevelopment atau penataan ulang kawasan berdasarkan karakteristik dan bentuk interaksi warga pada kampung kota di Tambora, Jakarta Barat. Dalam beberapa hal, kampung kota telah mempresentasikan konsep baru pembangunan kota yaitu compact city baik dari sisi kepadatan penduduk, efisiensi lahan dengan pola guna lahan campuran, sistem sosial yang kompleks dan dinamis, dan lain-lain yang menjamin keberlanjutan kampung kota itu sendiri dan menciptakan kondisi kota yang livable. Selain itu, pada kampung kota terjalin ikatan kekeluargaan yang erat dan warga memiliki “sense of belonging” yang kuat terhadap tempat hidupnya tersebut. Kampung kota dapat menjadi awal dimulainya paradigma baru perencanaan kota dalam mewujudkan kota yang lebih baik. Pemahaman mengenai kampung kota itu sendiri mengacu pada dua metode desain yaitu persepsi ruang dan lokalitas.

The established economic activity is also influenced by road network patterns and transportation accessibility, to encourage the emergence of new urban activities, activity patterns and movement patterns. The height of land function in the residential area of Marisa is influenced by the ease of accessibility and the demand for residential because it is next to the Central Office district and the urban center. The study aims to (1) Identify components of morphological form comprising land use, road and building network patterns (patterns and densities), (2) Analyzing the morphological form of the old City of Marisa and combine it with characteristic morphological forming components. The methods of research used are qualitative methods of phenomenology. The results showed that (1) the City of Marisa has a characteristic of a village-city frame zone (zobikodes) that is fertile, developing naturally for surplus commodities. The land use pattern of Marisa City, Marisa City Road network, and the patterns and functions of Marisa City are a component of the morphological constituent of Marisa. (2) The City of Marisa forms a compact city i.e. octopus morphology (octopus shaped/star shaped cities) and the custom Tawulongo into local wisdom in organizing the layout of Old Town center Marisa.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Marques ◽  
Jacqueline McIntosh ◽  
W Hatton ◽  
D Shanahan

© 2019, © 2019 European Council of Landscape Architecture Schools (ECLAS). In the context of the highly compact bicultural capital city of Wellington, New Zealand, this paper explores the development of an ecosanctuary initiated by the community. The indigenous flora and fauna was damaged as a result of the introduction of mammalian predators and aggressive plant species when the country was colonized, and through intensive urbanization. The restoration of the indigenous flora and fauna and the reintroduction of birdsong has resulted in a significant increase in commercial ecotourism. This paper explores health and well-being opportunities resulting from seeing the sanctuary through a Māori lens. It examines the phenomenon of Zealandia, where green and blue infrastructures foster emerging ecologies while accommodating visitor services and improving the social, cultural, economic, and environmental health of the city. It finds that the benefits of this compact urban landscape far exceed the original goals of the project and it offers new prospects for health and well-being through intensification by addressing sustainability holistically and including socio-cultural perspectives and initiatives.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Marques ◽  
Jacqueline McIntosh ◽  
W Hatton ◽  
D Shanahan

© 2019, © 2019 European Council of Landscape Architecture Schools (ECLAS). In the context of the highly compact bicultural capital city of Wellington, New Zealand, this paper explores the development of an ecosanctuary initiated by the community. The indigenous flora and fauna was damaged as a result of the introduction of mammalian predators and aggressive plant species when the country was colonized, and through intensive urbanization. The restoration of the indigenous flora and fauna and the reintroduction of birdsong has resulted in a significant increase in commercial ecotourism. This paper explores health and well-being opportunities resulting from seeing the sanctuary through a Māori lens. It examines the phenomenon of Zealandia, where green and blue infrastructures foster emerging ecologies while accommodating visitor services and improving the social, cultural, economic, and environmental health of the city. It finds that the benefits of this compact urban landscape far exceed the original goals of the project and it offers new prospects for health and well-being through intensification by addressing sustainability holistically and including socio-cultural perspectives and initiatives.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Marques ◽  
Jacqueline McIntosh ◽  
W Hatton ◽  
D Shanahan

© 2019, © 2019 European Council of Landscape Architecture Schools (ECLAS). In the context of the highly compact bicultural capital city of Wellington, New Zealand, this paper explores the development of an ecosanctuary initiated by the community. The indigenous flora and fauna was damaged as a result of the introduction of mammalian predators and aggressive plant species when the country was colonized, and through intensive urbanization. The restoration of the indigenous flora and fauna and the reintroduction of birdsong has resulted in a significant increase in commercial ecotourism. This paper explores health and well-being opportunities resulting from seeing the sanctuary through a Māori lens. It examines the phenomenon of Zealandia, where green and blue infrastructures foster emerging ecologies while accommodating visitor services and improving the social, cultural, economic, and environmental health of the city. It finds that the benefits of this compact urban landscape far exceed the original goals of the project and it offers new prospects for health and well-being through intensification by addressing sustainability holistically and including socio-cultural perspectives and initiatives.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Marques ◽  
Jacqueline McIntosh ◽  
W Hatton ◽  
D Shanahan

© 2019, © 2019 European Council of Landscape Architecture Schools (ECLAS). In the context of the highly compact bicultural capital city of Wellington, New Zealand, this paper explores the development of an ecosanctuary initiated by the community. The indigenous flora and fauna was damaged as a result of the introduction of mammalian predators and aggressive plant species when the country was colonized, and through intensive urbanization. The restoration of the indigenous flora and fauna and the reintroduction of birdsong has resulted in a significant increase in commercial ecotourism. This paper explores health and well-being opportunities resulting from seeing the sanctuary through a Māori lens. It examines the phenomenon of Zealandia, where green and blue infrastructures foster emerging ecologies while accommodating visitor services and improving the social, cultural, economic, and environmental health of the city. It finds that the benefits of this compact urban landscape far exceed the original goals of the project and it offers new prospects for health and well-being through intensification by addressing sustainability holistically and including socio-cultural perspectives and initiatives.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Vlaswinkel ◽  
◽  

To design the city of the future, we have to stop extrapolating the problems of today. This is why team Stadsvrijheid developed a new conceptual framework, a new paradigm for the future. On the basis of this paradigm, the team argues back to the here and now. This approach requires different ordering principles and new design tools, in short: the development of a completely new vocabulary. Current ordering principles such as density and functions will no longer be applicable in the future, which will centre on length of residence, production potential and the intricacy of the urban fabric. Combinations of these factors determine the DNA of an area. The team’s conceptual framework for the future sketches a new world in which everything is connected to everything; people as well as things. Technology plays an important role in this. In the resulting circular economy, everything is productive. The test site for this new paradigm was Utrecht’s eastern fringe. This promising location allows the interweaving of landscape and city in the context of today’s urbanization pressure. It is precisely in the monofunctional and fragmented urban fringes that a new type of urban character can emerge by connecting new developments in the field of mobility and technology. Anyone who wants the city to be liveable and healthy has to move towards a city in which walking is the norm and therefore away from ‘radial thinking’ of the traditional city. The outskirts of Utrecht will become gateways to the city or even the Randstad, with the Sciencepark as the global attractor and the Lunetten hub as the global connector. The team translated the contours of the conceptual framework into ordering principles and balanced these using a ‘mixing console’. Important principles are: the intricacy of the urban fabric (everything is connected), travel time (everything is proximate), length of residence (everything takes its own time) and varied production (everything is productive). The mixing console allows an alternative method of organizing areas according to functions or density. A specific mix determines the DNA of a region. The team devised new design tools to create the city of the future. The 'armature’, for example, is a tool that can be used to redefine the current road infrastructure. Development along the Z axis, for example, is based on the principles of urban stratigraphy and builds on the strata of the existing city. This allows densification and the current physical barriers such as the motorways will transform into layered landscapes that will act as hubs connecting future centres. In 2040, city dwellers travel by foot and motorized transport between cities will be connected collectively or individually. The resulting city is a continuous city for pedestrians that not only allows more density, but in which there is more room for greenery as well. Functions such as roads and housing are layered, stackable, connectable entities linked to new energy and transport networks. They create a productive and endlessly connected urban landscape. In this layered city everything, including waste, produces something. Everything is designed to last a certain period of time, for example based on length of residence. In this city, the cost of space is the driving force behind change. This comes with new investment models in which the relationship between interest and involvement play a part.


2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard B. Apgar

As destination of choice for many short-term study abroad programs, Berlin offers students of German language, culture and history a number of sites richly layered with significance. The complexities of these sites and the competing narratives that surround them are difficult for students to grasp in a condensed period of time. Using approaches from the spatial humanities, this article offers a case study for enhancing student learning through the creation of digital maps and itineraries in a campus-based course for subsequent use during a three-week program in Berlin. In particular, the concept of deep mapping is discussed as a means of augmenting understanding of the city and its history from a narrative across time to a narrative across the physical space of the city. As itineraries, these course-based projects were replicated on site. In moving from the digital environment to the urban landscape, this article concludes by noting meanings uncovered and narratives formed as we moved through the physical space of the city.


2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-35
Author(s):  
Julian Wolfreys

Writers of the early nineteenth century sought to find new ways of writing about the urban landscape when first confronted with the phenomena of London. The very nature of London's rapid growth, its unprecedented scale, and its mere difference from any other urban centre throughout the world marked it out as demanding a different register in prose and poetry. The condition of writing the city, of inventing a new writing for a new experience is explored by familiar texts of urban representation such as by Thomas De Quincey and William Wordsworth, as well as through less widely read authors such as Sarah Green, Pierce Egan, and Robert Southey, particularly his fictional Letters from England.


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