Yoga for Attaining the State of Mindfulness

Mental peace, inner peace, and spiritual enlightenment are often emphasized in ancient scriptures for the holistic development of man. Every culture and religion of the world teaches, preaches, and practices these virtues for a vertical development of love and restating the brotherhood in society. Yoga and Mindfulness are two prominent and popular practices to achieve the good values and virtues. These two practices are dissected by philosophers, researchers, and physicians to the threshold only to conclude that the effects are inevitably gainful. This chapter brings together yoga and mindfulness on same page to show their complementary relationship. Here are mentioned few challenges and issues that both the practices have to face often.

The Assessment of Hydrogeosites in the Fann Mountains, Tajikistan as a Basis for Sustainable Tourism

Despite the fact that the Fann Mountains are among the most popular tourist destinations in Tajikistan, they are still in the first stage of tourism development. This represents a great opportunity for the implementation of the principles of sustainable tourism, which will avoid the mistakes associated with the uncontrolled tourism development currently observed in other mountain areas of the world. The aim of this article is to demonstrate, using the example of the Fann Mountains, how hydrogeosites in mountain areas can be valorised for the needs of cognitive tourism. The valorisation methods used in previous research to this point have focused on the evaluation of the objects themselves. This study additionally takes into account features of the surroundings of hydrogeostations, such as the visibility range, the vertical development of the view, and the diversity of the landscape. The conducted value assessments of the sites and their surroundings show that in both internal and external assessments the highest values were achieved by lakes and wetlands. This means that the evaluation of the surroundings has a strong influence on the results obtained and the choice of hydrogeotourism attractions.

Flexible, Family-friendly: Developing an alternative high-density, vertical housing option

<p>There are many benefits associated with living in low density, detached housing conditions. However, the increase in housing demands have prompted Auckland’s surge of peripheral land to be developed into homes and the amplified cost of housing. Defined as urban sprawl, many of these housing types are standalone and built on private land, as the preferred type of housing. Studies have demonstrated that Auckland families' housing preference is the standalone dwelling. The objective for this thesis is to gain a better understanding of urban sprawl, higher-density and vertical development conditions, and recognise the various family types and their associated living preferences. The collected data influences what is considered family-friendly housing attributes, which are reviewed in three different scales of urban, building and unit. This is with the aim to propose another housing option that considers and addresses a family’s housing requirements, as an alternative to the standalone housing option. The resulting design proposes flexible, expanding and contracting units as a solution to provide families the freedom to adapt their living spaces to suit their requirements. By providing family friendly, higher-density dwellings as a suitable option, this could off set the Auckland families’ preference of the standalone house, which is currently contributing towards Auckland’s sprawl.</p>

Flexible, Family-friendly: Developing an alternative high-density, vertical housing option

<p>There are many benefits associated with living in low density, detached housing conditions. However, the increase in housing demands have prompted Auckland’s surge of peripheral land to be developed into homes and the amplified cost of housing. Defined as urban sprawl, many of these housing types are standalone and built on private land, as the preferred type of housing. Studies have demonstrated that Auckland families' housing preference is the standalone dwelling. The objective for this thesis is to gain a better understanding of urban sprawl, higher-density and vertical development conditions, and recognise the various family types and their associated living preferences. The collected data influences what is considered family-friendly housing attributes, which are reviewed in three different scales of urban, building and unit. This is with the aim to propose another housing option that considers and addresses a family’s housing requirements, as an alternative to the standalone housing option. The resulting design proposes flexible, expanding and contracting units as a solution to provide families the freedom to adapt their living spaces to suit their requirements. By providing family friendly, higher-density dwellings as a suitable option, this could off set the Auckland families’ preference of the standalone house, which is currently contributing towards Auckland’s sprawl.</p>

Vertical development of precipitation echoes from cumulus clouds near Calcutta during the post-monsoon season

Vertical development of precipitation echoes from cumulus clouds near Calcutta during the post-monsoon season of 1956 was studied by using a Decca Type.41 3-cm radar installed at the Meteorological Office at Dum Dum airport. It has been shown that the origin of the first precipitation echoes were below the freezing level in most cases. The rate of growth of the precipitation echoes was found to be comparable with that found in USA.A condensation coalescence mechanism has been suggested for the formation of rain from these clouds.

Design of vertical fisherman village in Penjaringan with sustainable development concept

Indonesia is known as an archipelago state that has more than 17,000 islands with a coastline of more than 81,000 kilometers. Therefore, the economic life of the Indonesian nation is largely centered on the coastal areas. Population growth along the coastline has resulted in fishermen choosing to live close to their source of life and building their economy there. Rapid population growth, and the scarcity of available residential land resulted in fishermen building denser settlements, expanding towards the sea and ultimately giving the impression of slums along the coast. It is felt that vertical settlements (flats) will provide solutions to problems in the conditions of these slum settlements. The effort to rejuvenate the fishing village in Penjaringan Village is the topic of this research with the limited vertical settlement approach, which takes into account: behavior patterns, habits, activities and daily needs of fishermen. A vertical development with a limited height is also seen as fulfilling the concept of sustainable development, where all fishing activities can be accommodated on a narrow area of land and do not sacrifice too much open land which is already small in the coastal area. In addition, fishermen’s life and cooperation between them can be facilitated by carrying out a compact upward design. This is one solution that will differentiate this fishing village from other settlements. This development is declared successful if all the goals that have been set together can be achieved and bring benefits to the group of residents.

Intra-seasonal contrasting trends in clouds due to warming induced circulation changes

Quantification of long term changes in cloud distribution and properties is critical for the proper assessment of future climate. We show contrasting trends in cloud properties and cloud radiative effects over Northwest Indian Ocean (NWIO) in south Asian summer monsoon. Cloud top height (CTH) decreases in June (− 69 ± 3 myr−1) and July (− 44 ± 3 myr−1), whereas it increases in August (106 ± 2 myr−1) and September (37 ± 1 myr−1). These contrasting trends are investigated to be due to the changes in upper tropospheric winds and atmospheric circulation pattern. Strengthening of upper tropospheric easterlies and changes in vertical wind dampen the vertical development of clouds in June and July. In contrast, weakening of upper tropospheric winds over NWIO and strengthening of updraft favour the vertical growth of clouds in August. Further, changes in horizontal winds at 450–350 hPa and strengthening of Indian Ocean Walker cell favour the westward spread of high level clouds, contributing to the increase in CTH over NWIO in August. Decrease of cloud cover and altitude in June and July and increase of the same in subsequent months would affect the monsoon rainfall over the Indian region. Proper representation of these intra-seasonal contrasting trends of clouds in climate models is important for the better prediction of regional weather.

An approach to creating application software for modeling of the deep heat processes (on the example of modeling non-stationary thermal conductivity above a mantle plume in the VLADI GEAD 4.0 MODULE)

The work substantiates the necessity and considers the methodology of own (by the researcher-modeler’s own effort) development of special applied software as a tool for modeling geological processes. The concept of a mantle plume as a system of mantle-crustal migrants, sequentially rising from the core to the fragile earth’s crust through a solid plastic mantle medium by the magma- and/or fluid fracture, is presented. A tool for computer modeling of thermal disturbance above a mantle plume in the process of its vertical development with the ability to save, process and interpret the obtained numerical and graphic information is proposed. Dependences are obtained between the depths of vertical propagation of the plume, geometric and temperature intervals of relaxation of thermal disturbance in the host medium, and geodynamic parameters. A method for assessing the thermal expansion of a medium based on the values of internal iterative variables during program execution is proposed.

MEREDEFINISI KAMPUNG: PARADIGMA BARU PERENCANAAN KOTA DALAM MEWUJUDKAN KOTA YANG LEBIH BAIK

The rapid growth of the urban population on limited land pushes the city to grow vertically. Vertical development is clearly very helpful in overcoming the problem of high density, yet the existing module for vertical existence has produced an urban landscape of formal and monotonous that pushes the population to become socially disconnected. This paper aims to propose a new typology of a vertical dwelling in densely populated settlements in Urban Kampoong through a strategy of redevelopment, based on the form of community interaction and characteristics of urban village known as Kampung, in Tambora, West Jakarta. At some point, urban village has presented a new concept of urban development which is compact city, in terms of density, land efficiency with mixed land use pattern, and complex-dynamic social systems, that ensure the sustainability of the kampung and creates a livable community. Furthermore, within the framework of the "urban village", interaction between inhabitants relatively intense, and people feel a strong “sense of belonging” to their home. Urban Kampung can be the start of a new paradigm of urban planning towards a better city. The understanding of the Kampung itself refers to two methods of design, perception of space and locality.Keywords: vertical dwelling; social interaction; urban kampung AbstrakPertumbuhan pesat populasi perkotaan pada lahan yang terbatas mendorong kota tumbuh secara vertikal. Pembangunan secara vertikal jelas sangat membantu mengurangi masalah keterbatasan lahan dan kepadatan, namun model hunian vertikal yang ada malah menciptakan lanskap perkotaan dengan bentuk massa yang formal dan kaku. Hal ini berdampak pada hilangnya interaksi sosial dan kebersamaan penghuninya. Tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah mengusulkan tipologi baru hunian vertikal sebagai solusi bermukim pada permukiman padat di kampung kota melalui sebuah strategi redevelopment atau penataan ulang kawasan berdasarkan karakteristik dan bentuk interaksi warga pada kampung kota di Tambora, Jakarta Barat. Dalam beberapa hal, kampung kota telah mempresentasikan konsep baru pembangunan kota yaitu compact city baik dari sisi kepadatan penduduk, efisiensi lahan dengan pola guna lahan campuran, sistem sosial yang kompleks dan dinamis, dan lain-lain yang menjamin keberlanjutan kampung kota itu sendiri dan menciptakan kondisi kota yang livable. Selain itu, pada kampung kota terjalin ikatan kekeluargaan yang erat dan warga memiliki “sense of belonging” yang kuat terhadap tempat hidupnya tersebut. Kampung kota dapat menjadi awal dimulainya paradigma baru perencanaan kota dalam mewujudkan kota yang lebih baik. Pemahaman mengenai kampung kota itu sendiri mengacu pada dua metode desain yaitu persepsi ruang dan lokalitas.